（《本经》上品）
【修治】 曰∶凡使勿用松黄并黄蒿。其二件全似，只是味 及吐人。真蒲黄须隔三重
纸焙令色黄，蒸半日，却再焙干用之妙。
大明曰∶破血消肿者，生用之；补血止血者，须炒用。
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】心腹膀胱寒热，利小便，止血，消瘀血。久服轻身益气力，延年神仙（《本经
》）。治痢血，鼻衄吐血，尿血泻血，利水道，通经脉，止女子崩中（甄权）。妇人带下，月
候不匀，血气心腹痛，妊妇下血坠胎，血运血症，儿枕急痛，颠扑血闷，排脓，疮疖游风肿
毒，下乳汁，止泄精（大明）。凉血活血，止心腹诸痛（时珍）。
【发明】弘景曰∶蒲黄，即蒲厘花上黄粉也。甚疗血。《仙经》亦用之。
宗 曰∶汴人初得，罗去滓，以水调为膏，擘为块。人多食之，以解心脏虚热，小儿尤
嗜之。过月则燥，色味皆淡，须蜜水和。不可多食，令人自利，极能虚人。
时珍曰∶蒲黄，手足厥阴血分药也，故能治血治痛。生则能行，熟则能止。与五灵脂同
用，能治一切心腹诸痛，详见禽部寒号虫下。按许叔微《本事方》云∶有士人妻舌忽胀满口，
不能出声。一老叟教以蒲黄频掺，比晓乃愈。又《芝隐方》云∶宋度宗欲赏花，一夜忽舌肿
满口。蔡御医用蒲黄、干姜末等分，干搽而愈。据此二说，则蒲黄之凉血活血可证矣。盖舌
乃心之外候，而手厥阴相火乃心之臣使，得干姜是阴阳相济也。
【附方】旧十四，新十一。
舌胀满口∶方见上。
重舌生疮∶蒲黄末，敷之。不过三上瘥。（《千金方》）
肺热衄血∶蒲黄、青黛各一钱，新汲水服之。或去青黛，入油发灰等分，生地黄汁调下。
（《简便单方》）
吐血唾血∶蒲黄末二两，每日温酒或冷水服三钱妙。（《简要济众方》）
幼儿吐血∶蒲黄末，每服半钱，生地黄汁调下，量儿大小加减。或入发灰等分。（《同
上》）。
小便出血∶方同上。
小便转胞∶以布包蒲黄裹腰肾，令头致地，数次取通。（《肘后方》）。
金疮出血闷绝∶蒲黄半两，热酒灌下。（危氏方）
瘀血内漏∶蒲黄末二两，每服方寸匕，水调下，服尽止。（《肘后方》）。
肠痔出血∶蒲黄末方寸匕，水服之，日三服。（《肘后方》）。
鼠奶痔疮∶蒲黄末，空心温酒服方寸匕，日三。（《塞上方》）。
脱肛不收∶蒲黄，和猪脂敷，日三、五度。（《子母秘录》）。
胎动欲产∶日月未足者蒲黄二钱，井华水服。（《同上》）。
产妇催生∶蒲黄、地龙（洗焙）、陈橘皮等分，为末，另收。临时各抄一钱，新汲水调
服，立产。此常亲用甚妙。（唐慎微方）。
胞衣不下∶蒲黄二钱。井水服之。（《集验方》）。
产后下血，羸瘦迨死。蒲黄二两，水二升，煎八合，顿服。（《产宝方》）。
产后血瘀∶蒲黄三两。水三升，煎一升，顿服。（《梅师方》）。
儿枕血瘕∶蒲黄三钱。米饮服。（《产宝》）。
产后烦闷∶蒲黄方寸匕，东流水服，极良。（《产宝》）。
坠伤扑损∶瘀血在内，烦闷者。蒲黄末，空心温酒服三钱。（《塞上方》）。
关节疼痛∶蒲黄八两，熟附子一两。为末。每服一钱，凉水下，日一。（《肘后方》）。
阴下湿痒∶蒲黄末，敷三、四度瘥。（《千金方》）。
耳出脓∶蒲黄末，掺之。（《圣惠》）。
口耳大衄∶蒲黄、阿胶（炙）各半两。每用二钱，水一盏，生地黄汁一合，煎至六分，
温服
耳中出血∶蒲黄炒黑研末，掺入。（《简便方》）。
滓大明曰∶蒲黄中筛出赤滓，名曰蒲萼也。
【主治】炒用涩肠，止泻血、血痢，妙（大明）。
（被列为《神农本草经》上品）
【修治】
寇宗奭说：凡使用蒲黄，不要选用松花和黄蒿。这两种植物看起来非常相似，只是味道不同且会引起呕吐。真正的蒲黄必须隔着三层纸焙烤至颜色变黄，蒸半天，然后再焙干使用，这样效果最好。
唐慎微（大明）说：用于破血消肿的，要生用；用于补血止血的，必须炒过后使用。
【气味】
味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】
治疗心腹及膀胱部位的寒热病症，通利小便，止血，消除瘀血。长期服用可使人身体轻盈、益气力，延年益寿，甚至成仙（出自《神农本草经》）。治疗痢疾便血、鼻出血、吐血、尿血、便血，通利水道，疏通经脉，停止妇女崩漏（出自甄权）。治疗妇女带下病，月经周期不规律，血气引起的心腹痛，孕妇胎动下血导致堕胎，血晕血症，产后儿枕痛（子宫收缩引起的剧烈疼痛），跌打损伤导致的血闷，排脓，疮疖游风肿毒，促进乳汁分泌，停止遗精（出自唐慎微）。凉血活血，停止心腹各种疼痛（出自李时珍）。
【发明】
陶弘景说：蒲黄，就是香蒲花上的黄色花粉。它非常擅长治疗血证。《仙经》中也使用它。
寇宗奭说：汴京的人刚得到蒲黄时，用罗筛去掉杂质，用水调成膏状，掰成块状。很多人食用它，用来解除心脏虚热，小孩尤其喜欢吃。过了一个月就会变干，颜色和味道都变淡，需要用蜂蜜水调和。不可多吃，否则会导致腹泻，极容易使人虚弱。
李时珍说：蒲黄是手足厥阴经的血分药，所以能治疗血证和疼痛。生用时能行血，熟用时能止血。与五灵脂同用，能治疗一切心腹各种疼痛，详见禽部寒号虫条目下。据许叔微《本事方》记载：有一位读书人的妻子舌头突然肿胀充满口腔，不能出声。一位老翁教她频繁撒敷蒲黄粉，到第二天早晨就好了。又据《芝隐方》记载：宋度宗想要赏花，一夜之间舌头突然肿胀充满口腔。蔡御医用蒲黄、干姜末各等份，干搽患处而痊愈。根据这两种说法，可以证明蒲黄具有凉血活血的功效。因为舌是心的外候，而手厥阴心包络相火是心的臣使，配合干姜则是阴阳相互济助。
【附方】旧方十四首，新方十一首。
舌头肿胀充满口腔：方剂见上文。
重舌生疮：蒲黄粉末，敷在患处。不超过三次即可痊愈。（《千金方》）
肺热鼻出血：蒲黄、青黛各一钱，用刚打上来的冷水送服。或者去掉青黛，加入油发灰各等份，用生地黄汁调服。（《简便单方》）
吐血唾血：蒲黄粉末二两，每日用温酒或冷水送服三钱，效果很好。（《简要济众方》）
幼儿吐血：蒲黄粉末，每次服用半钱，用生地黄汁调服，根据孩子的大小增减剂量。或者加入发灰各等份。（同上）
小便出血：方剂同上。
小便不通（转胞）：用布包裹蒲黄裹在腰肾部位，让头部朝下，多次尝试以取得通畅。（《肘后方》）
金创出血导致昏厥：蒲黄半两，用热酒灌服。（危氏方）
瘀血内漏：蒲黄粉末二两，每次服用一方寸匕，用水调服，服完即止。（《肘后方》）
肠痔出血：蒲黄粉末一方寸匕，用水送服，每日三次。（《肘后方》）
鼠奶痔疮：蒲黄粉末，空腹用温酒送服一方寸匕，每日三次。（《塞上方》）
脱肛不收：蒲黄，与猪脂混合敷贴，每日三至五次。（《子母秘录》）
产妇催生：蒲黄、地龙（洗净焙干）、陈橘皮各等份，研为粉末，另存备用。临产时各取一钱，用刚打上来的冷水调服，立即分娩。这是我亲自使用过非常有效的方子。（唐慎微方）
胞衣不下：蒲黄二钱，用井水送服。（《集验方》）
产后下血，身体消瘦接近死亡：蒲黄二两，水二升，煎煮至八合，一次性服下。（《产宝方》）
产后血瘀：蒲黄三两，水三升，煎煮至一升，一次性服下。（《梅师方》）
产后烦闷：蒲黄一方寸匕，用东流水送服，效果极好。（《产宝》）
坠伤扑损：瘀血在内，感到烦闷者。蒲黄粉末，空腹用温酒送服三钱。（《塞上方》）
关节疼痛：蒲黄八两，熟附子一两。研为粉末。每次服用一钱，用凉水送服，每日一次。（《肘后方》）
阴部潮湿瘙痒：蒲黄粉末，敷贴三至四次即可痊愈。（《千金方》）
(Specified as a Superior Grade herb in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Preparation]
Kou Zongshi stated: When using Puhuang (Typhae Pollen), do not use Songhuang (Pinus pollen) and Huanghao (Artemisia annua). These two are completely similar in appearance, differing only in taste and their ability to induce vomiting. True Puhuang must be baked through three layers of paper until it turns yellow, steamed for half a day, and then baked dry again for optimal efficacy.
Tang Shenwei stated: For breaking blood stasis and reducing swelling, use it raw; for nourishing blood and stopping bleeding, it must be used after stir-frying.
[Flavor and Nature]
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Indications]
Treats cold-heat conditions in the heart, abdomen, and bladder; promotes urination; stops bleeding; and eliminates blood stasis. Long-term consumption lightens the body, boosts qi and strength, prolongs life, and can lead to immortality (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Treats dysenteric blood, epistaxis, hematemesis, hematuria, and hematochezia; unblocks water passages; unblocks meridians; and stops metrorrhagia in women (Zhen Quan). Treats leukorrhea in women, irregular menstruation, abdominal pain caused by blood and qi stagnation, threatened abortion with vaginal bleeding in pregnant women, syncope due to blood disorders, acute postpartum uterine pain (childbed pillow pain), trauma-induced blood stagnation, pus discharge, carbuncles, furuncles, wind-swelling toxins, promotes lactation, and stops spermatorrhea (Tang Shenwei). Cools blood and invigorates blood circulation, stopping various pains in the heart and abdomen (Li Shizhen).
[Analysis]
Tao Hongjing stated: Puhuang is the yellow powder from the catkins of Typha orientalis. It is highly effective in treating blood disorders and is also used in Daoist alchemical texts.
Kou Zongshi stated: People in Bianjing initially obtained it, sifted out impurities, mixed it with water to form a paste, broke it into blocks, and consumed it. Many ate it to relieve deficiency heat in the heart, especially children who favored it. After a month, it becomes dry, and its color and flavor become faint; it must be mixed with honey water. It should not be consumed in excess, as it causes diarrhea and greatly weakens the person.
Li Shizhen stated: Puhuang is a herb entering the Blood aspect of the Foot and Hand Jueyin meridians; therefore, it treats blood disorders and pain. Raw, it moves blood; cooked, it stops bleeding. Used together with Wulingzhi (Trogopterus Dung), it treats all kinds of abdominal pain (see under Aegialomys maderensis in the Avian section). According to Xu Shimwei's *Ben Shi Fang*: The wife of a scholar suddenly had her tongue swell to fill her mouth, rendering her unable to speak. An old man taught her to frequently sprinkle Puhuang powder on it, and she recovered by dawn. Also, according to *Zhi Yin Fang*: Emperor Duzong of Song wanted to admire flowers, but overnight his tongue swelled to fill his mouth. Imperial Physician Cai treated him with equal parts of Puhuang powder and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), applied dryly, resulting in recovery. Based on these two cases, the blood-cooling and blood-invigorating properties of Puhuang are confirmed. The tongue is the external manifestation of the Heart, and the Hand Jueyin Pericardium Minister Fire is the ministerial envoy of the Heart; combining it with Ganjiang achieves a balance of yin and yang.
[Attached Prescriptions]
Fourteen old prescriptions, eleven new prescriptions.
Tongue swelling filling the mouth: Prescription seen above.
Double tongue with sores: Apply Puhuang powder. Cure within three applications (*Qian Jin Fang*).
Lung heat with epistaxis: Mix one qian each of Puhuang and Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis); take with fresh well water. Alternatively, omit Qingdai and add equal parts of Youfahui (Ash of Hair Burned with Oil); take mixed with juice of Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens) (*Jianbian Danfang*).
Hematemesis and spitting blood: Take two liang of Puhuang powder daily, mixed with warm wine or cold water, three qian per dose, which is excellent (*Jianyao Jizhong Fang*).
Pediatric hematemesis: Take half a qian of Puhuang powder mixed with Shengdihuang juice, adjusting dosage according to the child's age. Alternatively, add equal parts of hair ash (*Ibid.*).
Hematuria: See prescription above.
Cystocele/Urinary retention: Wrap Puhuang in cloth and bind around the lower back and kidneys; have the patient bend forward repeatedly to promote urination (*Zhou Hou Fang*).
Traumatic hemorrhage leading to fainting: Administer half a liang of Puhuang with hot wine (*Wei Shi Fang*).
Internal leakage due to blood stasis: Take one fangcun bi (square-inch spoonful) of Puhuang powder mixed with water per dose; stop when finished (*Zhou Hou Fang*).
Intestinal hemorrhoids with bleeding: Take one fangcun bi of Puhuang powder mixed with water, three times daily (*Zhou Hou Fang*).
Mouse-nipple hemorrhoids: Take one fangcun bi of Puhuang powder with warm wine on an empty stomach, three times daily (*Saishang Fang*).
Rectal prolapse: Mix Puhuang with pig fat and apply externally, three to five times daily (*Zimu Milu*).
Threatened labor: If gestation is incomplete, take two qian of Puhuang with morning well water (*Ibid.*).
Facilitating childbirth in postpartum women: Mix equal parts of Puhuang, Dilong (Pheretima, washed and dried), and Chenjupi (Aged Tangerine Peel), grind into powder, and store separately. At delivery time, take one qian of each mixed with fresh well water to induce immediate birth. This is a formula I have personally used with great effect (Tang Shenwei's prescription).
Retained placenta: Take two qian of Puhuang with well water (*Jiyan Fang*).
Postpartum hemorrhage with emaciation nearing death: Decoct two liang of Puhuang in two sheng of water until reduced to eight he; take in one dose (*Chanbao Fang*).
Postpartum blood stasis: Decoct three liang of Puhuang in three sheng of water until reduced to one sheng; take in one dose (*Meishi Fang*).
Childbed pillow mass: Take three qian of Puhuang with rice drink (*Chanbao*).
Postpartum restlessness: Take one fangcun bi of Puhuang with flowing water from the east; very effective (*Chanbao*).
Falls and injuries: For internal blood stasis causing restlessness, take three qian of Puhuang powder with warm wine on an empty stomach (*Saishang Fang*).
Joint pain: Mix eight liang of Puhuang with one liang of Shufuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateralis Radix); grind into powder. Take one qian with cool water once daily (*Zhou Hou Fang*).
Genital dampness and itching: Apply Puhuang powder; cure after three to four applications (*Qian Jin Fang*).
Otorrhea: Sprinkle Puhuang powder into the ear (*Shenghui Fang*).
Severe hemorrhage from mouth and ears: Mix half a liang each of Puhuang and Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin, roasted). Use two qian per dose, decoct with one cup of water and one he of Shengdihuang juice until reduced to six fen; take warm.
Epistaxis from ear: Roast Puhuang until black, grind into powder, and sprinkle into the ear (*Jianbian Fang*).
Residue note: Tang Shenwei stated: The red residue sifted out from Puhuang is called Pu'e.
[Indications for Residue]
When stir-fried, it has an astringent effect on the intestines, stopping diarrheic bleeding and bloody dysentery, which is excellent (Tang Shenwei).