（《会编》）
【集解】机曰∶虫白蜡与蜜蜡之白者不同，乃小虫所作也。其虫
白脂，粘敷树枝。人谓虫屎着树而然，非也。至秋刮取，以水煮熔，滤置冷水中，则凝聚成
块矣。碎之，纹理如白石膏而莹彻。人以和油浇烛，大胜蜜蜡也。
时珍曰∶唐宋以前，浇烛、入药所用白蜡，皆蜜蜡也。此虫白蜡，则自元以来，人始知
之，今则为日用物矣。四川、湖广、滇南、闽岭、吴越东南诸郡皆有之。以川、滇、衡、永
产者为胜。蜡树枝叶状类冬青，四时不凋。五月开白花成丛，结实累累，大如蔓荆子，生青
熟紫。冬青树子，则红色也。其虫大如虮虱，芒种后则延缘树枝，食汁吐涎，粘于嫩茎，化
为白脂，乃结成蜡，状如凝霜。处暑后则剥取，谓之蜡渣。若过白露，即粘住难刮矣。其渣
炼化滤净，或甑中蒸化，沥下器中，待凝成块，即为蜡也。其虫嫩时白色作蜡，及老则赤黑
色，乃结苞于树枝。初若黍米大，入春渐长，大如鸡头子，紫赤色，累累抱枝，宛若树之结
实也。盖虫将遗卵作房，正如雀瓮、螵蛸之类尔。俗呼为蜡种，亦曰蜡子。子内皆白卵，如
细虮，一包数百。次年立夏日摘下，以箬叶包之，分系各树。芒种后苞拆卵化，虫乃延出叶
底，复上树作蜡也。树下要洁净，防蚁食其虫。又有水蜡树，叶微似榆，亦可放虫生蜡。甜
槠树亦可产蜡。
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】生肌止血定痛，补虚续筋接骨（震亨）。入丸
【发明】震亨曰∶白蜡属金，禀受收敛坚强之气，为外科要药。与合欢皮同入长肌肉膏
中，用之神效，但未试其可服否也。
时珍曰∶蜡树叶亦治疮肿，故白蜡为外科要药，正如桑螵蛸与桑木之气相通也。
【附方】新一。
头上秃疮∶蜡烛频涂，勿令日晒，久则自然生发。（《集玄方》）
（出自《本草会编》）
【集解】李机说：虫白蜡与白色的蜜蜡不同，它是由小昆虫产生的。这种虫子分泌白色油脂，粘附在树枝上。人们以为是虫屎落在树上形成的，这是不对的。到了秋天刮取下来，用水煮熔化，过滤后置于冷水中，就会凝聚成块。将其打碎，纹理像白石膏一样晶莹透彻。人们用它调和油来制作蜡烛，效果远胜于蜜蜡。
李时珍说：唐宋以前，用于浇制蜡烛和入药使用的白蜡，都是蜜蜡。这种虫白蜡，从元代以来，人们才开始知晓，如今已成为日常用品了。四川、湖广、滇南、闽岭、吴越东南各郡都有出产。以四川、云南、衡州、永州产的质量最好。蜡树的枝叶形状类似冬青树，四季不凋谢。五月开白花成丛，结出的果实累累，大小像蔓荆子，青色，成熟后变为紫色。冬青树的果实则是红色的。这种虫子大如虱子卵，芒种节气之后便沿着树枝蔓延，吸食汁液并吐出涎液，粘附在嫩茎上，化为白色油脂，进而结成蜡，形状像凝结的霜。处暑节气之后便可剥取，称为蜡渣。如果过了白露节气，就粘住难以刮取了。将蜡渣炼化过滤干净，或在甑中蒸化，沥下收集在容器中，待其凝固成块，就是蜡了。这种虫子幼小时呈白色作蜡，老了则变成赤黑色，便在树枝上结苞。起初像黍米大小，入春后逐渐长大，大如鸡头子，呈紫红色，累累地抱附在树枝上，宛如树木结出果实一般。这大概是虫子将要产卵筑巢，正如雀瓮、螵蛸之类一样。俗称为蜡种，也叫蜡子。茧内全是白色的卵，细小如虮子，一包有数百个。次年立夏时节摘下，用箬叶包裹，分别系在各棵树上。芒种节气之后苞破裂卵孵化，虫子便从叶底延伸出来，再次上树结蜡。树下要保持洁净，防止蚂蚁吃掉这些虫子。还有水蜡树，叶子微似榆树，也可以放养虫子生蜡。甜槠树也可以产蜡。
【气味】味甘，性温，无毒。
【发明】朱震亨说：白蜡属金，禀受收敛坚强的气性，是外科的重要药物。与合欢皮一同加入长肌肉的膏药中，使用效果神奇，只是未曾尝试过是否可以内服。
李时珍说：蜡树的叶子也能治疗疮肿，所以白蜡成为外科重要药物，正如桑螵蛸与桑木的气性相通一样。
【附方】新增一方。
头上秃疮：频繁涂抹蜡烛，不要让阳光暴晒，时间久了自然会生出头发。（出自《集玄方》）
(From *Bencao Huibian*)
[Ji Jie] Li Ji stated: Insect wax (Chongbaisha) differs from white beeswax (Mila); it is produced by small insects. These insects secrete a white lipid that adheres to tree branches. People mistakenly believe it is formed by insect feces falling on the trees, which is incorrect. In autumn, it is scraped off, boiled in water until melted, filtered, and placed in cold water, where it solidifies into blocks. When broken, its texture resembles white gypsum and is crystal clear. People mix it with oil to make candles, which is far superior to beeswax.
Li Shizhen stated: Before the Tang and Song dynasties, the white wax used for making candles and in medicine was all beeswax (Mila). This insect wax (Chongbaisha) was only known to people since the Yuan dynasty and has now become a daily necessity. It is produced in Sichuan, Huguang, Southern Yunnan, Lingnan Fujian, and various southeastern commanderies such as Wu and Yue. The best quality comes from Sichuan, Yunnan, Hengzhou, and Yongzhou. The wax tree's leaves and branches resemble those of the holly tree (Dongqing), remaining evergreen throughout the year. In May, it blooms with clusters of white flowers and bears abundant fruits, similar in size to Vitex negundo seeds (Manjingzi), green when raw and purple when ripe. The fruits of the holly tree are red. The insect is as large as a louse egg. After the Mangzhong solar term, it crawls along the branches, feeding on sap and excreting saliva, sticking to tender stems, transforming into white lipid, and eventually forming wax, resembling frozen frost. After the Chushu solar term, it can be harvested, called "wax residue" (Lazha). If one waits until after the Bailu solar term, it becomes too sticky to scrape. The residue is refined and filtered clean, or steamed in a steamer basket, dripped into containers, and allowed to solidify into blocks, resulting in wax. When young, the insect is white and produces wax; when old, it turns reddish-black and forms cocoons on the branches. Initially the size of millet grains, they grow larger in spring, reaching the size of a chestnut, appearing purple-red, clinging to branches in clusters, resembling tree fruits. This is because the insect is preparing to lay eggs and build nests, similar to *Ootheca mantidis* (Piaoxiao) or bird nests. Commonly called "wax seed" (La zhong) or "wax child" (La zi). Inside each cocoon are white eggs, fine as lice nits, numbering hundreds per cocoon. On the day of Lixia (Start of Summer) the following year, they are picked, wrapped in bamboo leaves, and tied to individual trees. After Mangzhong, the cocoons break, eggs hatch, and the larvae emerge from under the leaves to climb the trees again to produce wax. The area under the tree must be kept clean to prevent ants from eating the insects. There is also a water wax tree (Shuilashu) with leaves slightly resembling elm, which can also support insect wax production. Sweet oak (Tianzhu) trees can also produce wax.
[Qi Wei] Sweet in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic.
[Zhu Zhi] Promotes tissue regeneration, stops bleeding, relieves pain, tonifies deficiency, reconnects tendons, and knits bones (Zhenheng). Can be incorporated into pill formulations.
[Fa Ming] Zhu Zhenheng stated: White wax belongs to Metal and possesses the qi of astringency and firmness, making it an essential herb for external surgery. When combined with Albizia bark (Hehuanpi) in ointments for flesh regeneration, it yields miraculous effects, though its internal use has not been tested.
Li Shizhen stated: The leaves of the wax tree also treat sores and swelling; thus, white wax is an essential herb for external surgery, just as *Ootheca mantidis* (Sangpiaoxiao) shares affinity with mulberry wood.
[Fu Fang] One new prescription.
Scalp Tinea Capitis (Tou Chuang): Frequently apply candle wax to the affected area, avoiding sun exposure. Over time, hair will naturally regrow. (*Jixuan Fang*)