（《纲目》）
【释名】猩红、紫粉霜。时珍曰∶昔人谓水银出于丹砂，熔化还复为朱者，即此也。名
亦由此。
【集解】时珍曰∶胡演《丹药秘诀》云∶升炼银朱，用石亭脂二斤，新锅内熔化，次下
水银一斤，炒作青砂头，炒不见星。研末罐盛，石板盖住，铁线缚定，盐泥固济，大火 之。
待冷取出，贴罐者为银朱，贴口者为丹砂。今人多以黄丹及矾红杂之，其色黄黯，宜辨之。
真者谓之水华朱。每水银一斤，烧朱一十四两八分，次朱三两五钱。
【气味】辛，温，有毒。
【主治】破积滞，劫痰涎，散结胸，疗疥癣恶疮，杀虫及虱，功同粉霜（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶银朱乃硫黄同汞升炼而成，其性燥烈，亦能烂龈挛筋，其功过与轻粉
同也。今厨人往往以之染色供馔，宜去之。
【附方】新二十。
小儿内钓多啼∶银朱半钱，乳香、煨蒜各一钱，为末，研丸黍米大。半岁五丸，薄荷汤
下。（《心鉴》）
男女阴毒∶银朱、轻粉各一钱。用五日独蒜一枚，捣和作饼。贴手心，男左女右，两手
合定，放阴下，顷间气回、汗出即愈。但口中微有气，即活。（唐瑶《经验方》）
痰气结胸∶鹤顶丹∶不问阴阳虚实，炒过陷胸、泻心等药。用银朱半两，明矾一两，同
碾。以熨斗盛火，瓦盏盛药，熔化，急刮搓丸。每服一钱，真茶入姜汁少许服之。心上隐隐
有声，结胸自散。不动脏腑，不伤真气，明矾化痰，银朱破积，故也。（曾世荣《活幼全书》）
正水肿病，大便利者∶银朱半两，硫黄（ ）四两。为末，面糊丸梧子大。每饮下三十
丸。（《普济方》）
咽喉疼痛∶银朱、海螵蛸末等分。吹之取涎。（《急救方》）
火焰丹毒∶银朱调鸡子清涂之。（李楼《怪症方》）
汤火灼伤∶银朱研细，菜油调敷，二次愈。（《多能鄙事》）
疽疮发背∶银朱、白矾等分，煎汤温洗，却用桑柴火远远炙之，日三次，甚效。（《救
急方》）
鱼脐疔疮，四面赤，中央黑∶银朱，水和丸。每服一丸，温酒下，名走马丹。（《普济
方》）
杨梅毒疮∶银朱、官香等分。为末，以纸卷作捻，点灯置桶中。以鼻吸烟，一日一作，
七日愈。又方∶银朱二钱，孩儿茶一钱，龙挂香一钱，皂角子一钱，为末。如上法用。又方∶
银朱、轻粉各一钱，黄蜡、清油各一两，化开和收。以油纸摊贴，疮痂自脱也。
筋骨疼痛∶猩红三钱，枯矾四钱。为末，作三纸捻。每旦以一捻蘸油点火熏脐，被覆卧
之，取汗。（《纂要奇方》）
日久顽疮不收者∶银朱一钱，千年地下锻石五分，松香五钱，香油一两。为末。化摊纸
上贴之。（《应急良方》）
疮不敛∶方同上。
血风 疮生脚股上，乃湿毒成风也。黄蜡一两溶化，入银朱一两，搅摊纸上，刺孔贴之。
（《简便方》）
黄水湿疮∶银朱、盐梅和捣敷之。（《集玄方》）
癣疮有虫∶银朱、牛骨髓，桐油调搽。（《医方摘要》）
头上生虱∶银朱浸醋，日日梳头。包银朱纸，以碗覆烧之，茶清洗下烟子揉之。包头一
夜，至旦虱尽死。（《积德堂方》）
【释名】猩红、紫粉霜。李时珍说：过去的人认为水银出自丹砂，熔化后又变回朱砂的，就是这种物质。它的名字也是由此而来。
【集解】李时珍说：胡演在《丹药秘诀》中记载：炼制银朱的方法，是用两斤石亭脂，在新铁锅中熔化，接着加入一斤水银，翻炒成青砂头，炒至不见银色星点为止。将粉末装入罐中，用石板盖住，用铁丝捆紧，用盐泥密封加固，用大火煅烧。待冷却后取出，粘在罐壁上的称为银朱，粘在罐口上的称为丹砂。现在的人常用黄丹和矾红掺杂其中，颜色发黄且暗淡，应当加以辨别。真正的称为“水华朱”。每用水银一斤，可烧制出银朱十四两八分，次等银朱三两五钱。
【气味】辛味，温性，有毒。
【主治】破除积滞，攻劫痰涎，消散结胸，治疗疥癣恶疮，杀虫及虱子，功效与粉霜相同（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：银朱是硫黄与水银共同升炼而成的，其性质燥烈，也能导致牙龈腐烂、筋脉拘挛，其危害程度与轻粉相同。现在的厨师往往用它来给食物染色，应当摒弃这种做法。
【附方】新收录二十首。
小儿内钓多啼哭：取银朱半钱，乳香、煨蒜各一钱，研为细末，调和制成如黍米大小的丸药。半岁婴儿每次服五丸，用薄荷汤送下。（出自《心鉴》）
男女阴毒证：取银朱、轻粉各一钱。用一枚生长五天的独头蒜，捣烂混合做成饼状。贴在手心，男性贴左手，女性贴右手，双手合拢固定，置于阴部下方，片刻间若气机回转、出汗即可痊愈。只要口中微微有气息，就能存活。（出自唐瑶《经验方》）
痰气结胸证：鹤顶丹：不分阴阳虚实，采用经过炒制的陷胸汤、泻心汤等药物。取银朱半两，明矾一两，一同研磨。用熨斗盛火，瓦盏盛药，加热熔化，迅速刮下搓成丸药。每次服用一钱，用真茶调入少许姜汁送服。如果心上隐隐有声，结胸自然消散。此法不动脏腑，不伤真气，是因为明矾能化痰，银朱能破积滞的缘故。（出自曾世荣《活幼全书》）
正水肿病，大便通畅者：取银朱半两，硫黄四两。研为细末，用面糊制成如梧桐子大小的丸药。每次饮服三十丸。（出自《普济方》）
咽喉疼痛：取银朱、海螵蛸末等量。吹入患处以引出痰涎。（出自《急救方》）
火焰丹毒：用银朱调鸡蛋清涂抹患处。（出自李楼《怪症方》）
汤火灼伤：将银朱研细，用菜油调和敷于患处，两次即可痊愈。（出自《多能鄙事》）
疽疮发背：取银朱、白矾等量，煎汤温洗，然后用桑柴火在远处熏烤，每日三次，效果显著。（出自《救急方》）
鱼脐疔疮，四周发红，中央发黑：取银朱，用水调和成丸。每次服用一丸，用温酒送下，名为走马丹。（出自《普济方》）
杨梅毒疮：取银朱、官香等量。研为细末，用纸卷成捻子，点燃灯放入桶中。用鼻子吸入烟雾，每天一次，七天痊愈。另一方法：取银朱二钱，孩儿茶一钱，龙挂香一钱，皂角子一钱，研为细末。按上述方法使用。再一方法：取银朱、轻粉各一钱，黄蜡、清油各一两，熔化混合收存。涂在油纸上贴敷，疮痂自然脱落。
筋骨疼痛：取猩红三钱，枯矾四钱。研为细末，制作成三根纸捻。每天早晨取一根蘸油点火熏灸肚脐，盖上被子躺卧，以出汗为度。（出自《纂要奇方》）
日久顽疮不愈合者：取银朱一钱，千年地下锻石五分，松香五钱，香油一两。研为细末。熔化后摊在纸上贴敷。（出自《应急良方》）
疮口不收敛：方剂同上。
血风疮生在大腿股部，这是湿毒化风所致。取黄蜡一两熔化，加入银朱一两，搅拌后摊在纸上，刺孔后贴敷。（出自《简便方》）
癣疮有虫：取银朱、牛骨髓，用桐油调和搽擦。（出自《医方摘要》）
头上生虱：用银朱浸泡醋，每天梳头。用包银朱的纸，用碗覆盖烧之，用茶水清洗烟灰揉擦头部。包头一夜，到第二天虱子全部死亡。（出自《积德堂方》）
[Names] Xinghong (Scarlet Red), Zifen Shuang (Purple Powder Frost). Li Shizhen stated: In the past, people believed that quicksilver (Shuiyin) originated from cinnabar (Dansha), and when melted, it reverted to vermilion; this substance is exactly that. Its name derives from this origin.
[Collection and Explanation] Li Shizhen stated: Hu Yan's "Secrets of Alchemical Pills" records: To refine Yin Zhu (Silver Cinnabar), use two jin (approx. 1 kg) of Shitingzhi (Styptic Stone), melt it in a new iron pot, then add one jin of quicksilver, stir-fry until it becomes Qing Sha Tou (Green Sand Head), stirring until no silver specks are visible. Grind into powder, store in a jar, cover with a stone slab, bind tightly with iron wire, seal firmly with salt mud, and calcine over high fire. After cooling and removing, the material adhering to the jar wall is called Yin Zhu, while that adhering to the mouth is called Dansha. Nowadays, many people adulterate it with Huang Dan (Litharge) and Fan Hong (Alum Red), resulting in a dull yellow color; this should be distinguished. The genuine product is called Shuihua Zhu (Water Flower Vermilion). For every one jin of quicksilver, fourteen liang eight fen of Yin Zhu can be produced, and three liang five qian of inferior Yin Zhu.
[Flavor and Properties] Acrid, warm, toxic.
[Indications] Breaks up stagnation, attacks phlegm-fluids, dissipates chest binding, treats scabies, tinea, and malignant sores, kills parasites and lice. Its efficacy is similar to Fen Shuang (Powder Frost) (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: Yin Zhu is formed by sublimating sulfur and mercury together. Its nature is dry and fierce; it can also cause gum rot and tendon contraction. Its harmfulness is comparable to that of Qing Fen (Calomel). Nowadays, cooks often use it for coloring food, which should be abandoned.
[Attached Prescriptions] Twenty new prescriptions.
Infant internal hookworm with excessive crying: Take half a qian of Yin Zhu, one qian of Ruxiang (Frankincense), and one qian of Wei Suan (Baked Garlic), grind into powder, and mix into pills the size of millet seeds. For infants half a year old, administer five pills each time, washed down with Bohe Tang (Mint Decoction). (From *Xin Jian*)
Yin Du (Yin Toxicity) in men and women: Take one qian of Yin Zhu and one qian of Qing Fen. Use one bulb of Dusu (Single-clove Garlic) grown for five days, mash and mix to form a cake. Apply to the palm of the hand; for men, apply to the left hand, for women to the right hand. Hold both hands together, place below the genitals. When qi returns and sweating occurs, recovery ensues. Survival is indicated if there is slight breath in the mouth. (From Tang Yao's *Jingyan Fang*)
Phlegm-qi Chest Binding: Heding Dan (Crane Top Pill): Regardless of yin or yang, deficiency or excess, use decoctions of Xianxiong Tang (Trap the Chest Decoction) and Xiexin Tang (Drain the Heart Decoction) that have been stir-fried. Take half a liang of Yin Zhu and one liang of Mingfan (Alum), grind together. Place fire in an ironer, hold the medicine in a clay cup, melt it, and quickly scrape and roll into pills. Take one qian per dose, mixed with true tea and a little ginger juice. If a faint sound is heard over the heart, the chest binding will disperse spontaneously. This method does not disturb the zang-fu organs nor damage the true qi, because Mingfan resolves phlegm and Yin Zhu breaks stagnation. (From Zeng Shirong's *Huoyou Quanshu*)
Edema with normal bowel movements: Take half a liang of Yin Zhu and four liang of Huangqi (Sulfur). Grind into powder, make pills the size of wutong seeds using wheat paste. Take thirty pills per dose with water. (From *Puji Fang*)
Sore throat: Take equal parts of Yin Zhu and Haipiaoxiao (Cuttlefish Bone) powder. Blow into the throat to induce salivation/phlegm discharge. (From *Ji Jiu Fang*)
Flame Erysipelas: Mix Yin Zhu with egg white and apply. (From Li Lou's *Guai Zheng Fang*)
Scalds and burns: Grind Yin Zhu finely, mix with vegetable oil, and apply. Two applications lead to cure. (From *Duoneng Bisshi*)
Back carbuncle: Take equal parts of Yin Zhu and Bai Fan (White Alum), decoct in water for warm washing. Then moxa far away with Sangchai Huo (Mulberry wood fire) three times daily; highly effective. (From *Jiu Ji Fang*)
Fish-umbilical Ding sore (carbuncle), red on all sides, black in the center: Take Yin Zhu, mix with water to form pills. Take one pill per dose, washed down with warm wine. Named Zouma Dan (Running Horse Pill). (From *Puji Fang*)
Syphilis (Yangmei Du Chuang): Take equal parts of Yin Zhu and Guanxiang (Official Fragrance/Musk substitute). Grind into powder, roll into paper cigarettes, light as a lamp, and place in a bucket. Inhale the smoke through the nose, once daily, cured in seven days. Another prescription: Take two qian of Yin Zhu, one qian of Hai'ercha (Child's Tea/Catechu), one qian of Longguaxiang (Dragon Hanging Incense), one qian of Zaojiaozi (Soap Bean Seed), grind into powder. Use as above. Another prescription: Take one qian of Yin Zhu and one qian of Qingfen, one liang of Huangla (Yellow Wax), and one liang of Qingyou (Clear Oil), melt and mix. Spread on oiled paper and apply; the crust will fall off naturally.
Bone and tendon pain: Take three qian of Xinghong (Scarlet Red/Yin Zhu) and four qian of Kufan (Burnt Alum). Grind into powder, make three paper twists. Every morning, take one twist, dip in oil, ignite, and moxa the navel. Cover with blankets and lie down to induce sweating. (From *Zuoya Qifang*)
Chronic stubborn sores that do not heal: Take one qian of Yin Zhu, five fen of Qiannian Dixia Duanshi (Ancient Underground Forge Stone), five qian of Songxiang (Pine Rosin), and one liang of Xiangyou (Sesame Oil). Grind into powder. Melt and spread on paper to apply. (From *Yingji Liangfang*)
Sores that do not close: Same prescription as above.
Blood Wind Sores appearing on the thighs, caused by damp-toxicity transforming into wind: Melt one liang of Huangla (Yellow Wax), add one liang of Yin Zhu, stir and spread on paper, prick holes, and apply. (From *Jianbian Fang*)
Yellow-water Damp Sores: Mash Yin Zhu and Yanmei (Salted Plum) together and apply. (From *Jixuan Fang*)
Tinea with worms: Mix Yin Zhu and Niu Gu Sui (Ox Marrow), dilute with Tongyou (Tung Oil), and rub on. (From *Yi Fang Jiangyao*)
Head Lice: Soak Yin Zhu in vinegar, comb hair daily. Wrap Yin Zhu in paper, burn under a bowl, collect the smoke residue with tea water, and rub the scalp. Wrap the head overnight; by morning, all lice will be dead. (From *Jide Tang Fang*)