（《纲目》）
【主治】止金疮出血。又诸般毒疮，切蒜蘸擦，至出汗即消（时珍）。
（《拾遗》）
【集解】藏器曰∶瓷器物初烧时，相隔皆以灰为泥，然后烧之。但看瓷里有灰，即收之
备用。
【主治】游肿，醋磨敷之（藏器）。
（《纲目》）
【主治】跌扑金刃伤损，罨之，止血生肌。香炉岸，主疥疮（时珍）。
（《别录》下品）
【集解】弘景曰∶此锻铁灶中灰尔，兼得铁力故也。
【主治】症瘕坚积，去邪恶气（《别录》）。
恭曰∶疗暴症有效，古方二车丸中用之。
【附方】新一。
产后阴脱∶铁炉中紫尘、羊脂，二味和匀，布裹炙热，熨推纳上。（《徐氏胎产方》）
（《本经》下品）
【释名】宗 曰∶诸灰一 面成，其体轻力劣；唯冬灰则经三、四月方撤炉，其灰既晓
夕烧灼，其力全燥烈，而体益重故也。
【集解】《别录》曰∶冬灰，生方谷川泽。
弘景曰∶此即今浣衣黄灰尔，烧诸蒿藜积聚炼作之，性亦烈，荻灰尤烈。
恭曰∶冬灰本是藜灰，余草不真。又有青蒿灰、柃灰（一作苓字），乃烧木叶作。并入
染家用，亦蚀恶肉。
时珍曰∶冬灰，乃冬月灶中所烧薪柴之灰也。专指作蒿藜之灰，亦未必然。原本一名藜
灰，生方谷川泽，殊为不通。此灰既不当言川泽，又岂独方谷乃有耶？今人以灰淋汁，取碱
浣衣，发面令皙，治疮蚀恶肉，浸蓝靛染青色。
【气味】辛，微温，有毒。
【主治】去黑子、疣、息肉、疽，蚀疥瘙（《本经》）。
煮豆食，大下水肿（苏恭）。醋和热灰，熨心腹冷气痛，及血气绞痛，冷即易（藏器）。
治犬咬，热灰敷之。又治溺死、冻死，蚀诸痈疽恶肉（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶古方治人溺水死，用灶中灰一石埋之，从头至足，唯露七孔，良久即
苏。
凡蝇溺水死，试以灰埋之，少顷即便活，甚验。盖灰性暖而能拔水也。
【附方】新五。
人溺水死∶方见上。
堕水冻死，只有微气者，勿以火炙，用布袋盛热灰，放在心头，冷即换，待眼开，以温
酒与之。（《普济方》）
阴冷疼闷，冷气入腹，肿满杀人∶醋和热灰，频熨之。（《千金方》）
汤火伤灼∶饼炉中灰，麻油调敷。不得着水。
仍避风。（寇氏《衍义》）
犬咬伤人∶苦酒和灰敷之，或热汤和之。（《千金方》）
（《本草纲目》）
【主治】止住金创出血。另外对于各种毒疮，将蒜切片蘸取冬灰擦拭，直到出汗即可消除（李时珍）。
（《开宝本草拾遗》）
【主治】耳部发生的月蚀疮，与油调和后涂抹患处（陈藏器）。
（《开宝本草拾遗》）
【集解】陈藏器说：瓷器器物在初次烧制时，间隔处都用灰作为泥料，然后进行烧制。只要看到瓷里面有灰，就收集起来备用。
【主治】游肿（一种皮肤红肿热痛的病症），用醋磨碎冬灰敷贴患处（陈藏器）。
（《本草纲目》）
【主治】跌打损伤及金属利器造成的创伤，覆盖患处，可止血生肌。香炉底部的灰烬，主治疥疮（李时珍）。
（《名医别录》下品）
【集解】陶弘景说：这是锻铁灶中的灰烬，兼有铁的性质所致。
【主治】症瘕坚积（腹内结块、坚硬积聚之病），去除邪恶之气（《名医别录》）。
苏恭说：治疗突发性的症瘕有效，古方“二车丸”中使用了它。
【附方】新增一方。
产后子宫脱垂：取铁炉中的紫尘、羊脂，两味药混合均匀，用布包裹加热，熨烫并推入复位。（出自《徐氏胎产方》）
（《神农本草经》下品）
【释名】雷斅说：一般的灰一旦制成，其质地轻而药效弱；唯独冬灰要经过三到四个月才撤去炉火，其灰既经历早晚的烧灼，药性完全燥烈，而且质地更加沉重。
【集解】《名医别录》说：冬灰，产于方谷川泽。
陶弘景说：这就是现在洗衣用的黄灰，是将各种蒿草藜草堆积炼制而成的，药性也猛烈，荻灰尤其猛烈。
苏恭说：冬灰本是藜灰，其他草做的不真。又有青蒿灰、柃灰（一作苓字），是烧木叶制成的。都并入染匠家用，也能腐蚀恶肉。
李时珍说：冬灰，是冬季灶中所烧薪柴的灰烬。专门指称是蒿藜之灰，也不一定正确。原本名称叫藜灰，产于方谷川泽，非常不通顺。这种灰既然不应说是川泽所产，又难道只有方谷才有吗？现在人们用灰淋汁，提取碱液来洗衣，使头发面色洁白，治疗疮疡腐蚀恶肉，浸泡蓝靛染青色。
【气味】辛，微温，有毒。
【主治】去除黑痣、疣、息肉、疽，腐蚀疥癣瘙痒（《神农本草经》）。
煮豆食用，能大幅消退水肿（苏恭）。醋和热灰混合，熨烫心腹冷气痛，以及血气绞痛，冷了即更换（陈藏器）。
治疗狗咬伤，用热灰敷贴。又治疗溺死、冻死，腐蚀各种痈疽恶肉（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：古方治疗人溺水而死，用灶中灰一石埋在身上，从头到足，只露出七个孔窍，很久之后就能苏醒。
凡是苍蝇溺水而死，尝试用灰埋住它，片刻之后就能复活，非常灵验。大概是因为灰性温暖且能吸水。
【附方】新增五方。
人溺水而死：方法见上文。
落水冻死，仅有微弱气息者，不要用火烤，用布袋盛装热灰，放在心口，冷了即换，等到眼睛睁开，喂以温酒。（出自《普济方》）
阴冷疼痛闷胀，冷气入腹，肿胀满闷致死：醋和热灰混合，频繁熨烫。（出自《千金方》）
汤火烫伤：饼炉中的灰，用麻油调匀敷贴。不得沾水。
同时避免吹风。（寇宗奭《衍义》）
狗咬伤人：醋和灰敷贴，或者用热水调和敷贴。（出自《千金方》）
(From *Bencao Gangmu* [Compendium of Materia Medica])
[Indications] Stops bleeding from metallic wounds. Additionally, for various types of toxic sores, slice garlic, dip it in Donghui (Winter Ash), and rub the affected area until sweating occurs, which will cause the sore to disappear (Shizhen).
(From *Kaibao Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to the Kaibao Materia Medica])
[Indications] For "moon-eating sores" occurring on the ear, mix with oil and apply topically (Cangqi).
(From *Kaibao Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to the Kaibao Materia Medica])
[Collected Explanations] Cangqi stated: When porcelain items are initially fired, ash is used as mud to separate them, and then they are fired. Whenever ash is found inside the porcelain, collect it for future use.
[Indications] For Youzhong (roving swelling, a condition characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain in the skin), grind Donghui (Winter Ash) with vinegar and apply as a poultice (Cangqi).
(From *Bencao Gangmu* [Compendium of Materia Medica])
[Indications] For contusions, falls, and injuries caused by metal blades, cover the wound to stop bleeding and promote tissue regeneration. The ash at the bottom of incense burners treats Jiechuang (scabies). (Shizhen).
(From *Mingyi Bielu* [Record of Famous Physicians], Lower Grade)
[Collected Explanations] Hongjing stated: This is the ash from an iron-smelting furnace, possessing the properties of iron.
[Indications] Treats Zhengjia Jianji (hard accumulations and masses in the abdomen), expels evil qi (from *Mingyi Bielu*).
Gong stated: It is effective for sudden onset of Zhengjia; it is used in the ancient formula Erche Wan.
[Attached Formulas] New Formula 1.
Postpartum uterine prolusion: Mix Zichen (purple dust from the iron furnace) and Yangzhi (sheep fat) evenly, wrap in cloth, heat, and apply via moxibustion-like warming to push it back into place. (From *Xu Shi Taichan Fang* [Xu's Obstetrics and Gynecology Manual]).
(From *Shennong Bencao Jing* [Divine Farmer's Materia Medica], Lower Grade)
[Etymology] Zong stated: Most ashes are ready once formed, being light in texture and weak in potency; only Donghui (Winter Ash) requires three to four months before the furnace is cleared. Having been subjected to burning day and night, its potency is fully dry and fierce, and its texture is heavier.
[Collected Explanations] *Mingyi Bielu* states: Donghui (Winter Ash) grows in Fanggu river valleys and marshes.
Hongjing stated: This is the yellow ash used for laundry today, made by burning and refining accumulated mugwort and chenopodium herbs. Its nature is also fierce, with Di hui (reed ash) being particularly fierce.
Gong stated: Donghui (Winter Ash) is originally Chenopodium ash; other grass ashes are not authentic. There are also Qinghao hui (mugwort ash) and Ling hui (ash from burning leaves), which are used by dyers and can also erode malignant flesh.
Shizhen stated: Donghui (Winter Ash) refers to the ash of firewood burned in stoves during winter. To specify it solely as mugwort or chenopodium ash is not necessarily correct. The original text names it as Chenopodium ash, produced in Fanggu river valleys and marshes, which is highly illogical. Since this ash should not be described as coming from river valleys, how could it exist only in Fanggu? Nowadays, people leach ash to obtain alkali for laundry, to whiten hair and complexion, to treat sores by eroding malignant flesh, and to soak indigo for dyeing blue.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Pungent, slightly warm, toxic.
[Indications] Removes black spots, warts, polyps, and ulcers; erodes scabies and itching (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*).
Boiled with beans and eaten, it greatly reduces edema (Su Gong). Mixed with vinegar and hot ash, applied via warming to cold pain in the heart and abdomen, as well as blood and qi colic; replace when cool (Cangqi).
Treats dog bites by applying hot ash. Also treats drowning and freezing deaths, and erodes malignant flesh from various carbuncles and ulcers (Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Shizhen stated: Ancient formulas for treating human drowning death involved burying the body in one dan of stove ash, covering from head to toe, exposing only the seven orifices. After a long time, the person would revive.
If flies drown, attempting to bury them in ash causes them to revive shortly after, which is very effective. This is likely because ash is warm in nature and capable of extracting water.
[Attached Formulas] New Five Formulas.
Human drowning death: See method above.
Drowning and freezing death, with only faint breath remaining: Do not warm with fire. Use a cloth bag filled with hot ash, place it on the heart/chest area, replace when cool. Once eyes open, administer warm wine. (From *Puji Fang* [Universal Effective Prescriptions]).
Yin cold pain and distension, cold qi entering the abdomen causing fatal swelling and fullness: Mix with vinegar and hot ash, apply frequent warming compresses. (From *Qianjin Fang* [Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold]).
Scalds and burns: Use ash from bread ovens, mixed with sesame oil for topical application. Do not allow contact with water.
Avoid wind exposure. (Kou Shi *Yanyi* [Explication of Meaning]).
Dog bites injuring humans: Apply mixture of vinegar and ash, or hot water and ash. (From *Qianjin Fang* [Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold]).