（《纲目》二十一种，《拾遗》一种）
时珍曰∶方册所记诸果，名品甚多，不能详其性、味、状。既列于果，则养生者不可不
知，因略采附以俟。
津符子 时珍曰∶孙真人《千金方》云∶味苦，平，滑。多食
必思答 又曰∶忽思慧《饮膳正要》云∶味甘，
甘剑子 又曰∶范成大《桂海志》云∶状似巴榄子，仁附肉，有白靥，不可食，发人病。
北人呼为海胡桃是也。
味甘无奇，色青黄，长四、五寸。
海梧子 又曰∶嵇含《南方草木状》云∶出林邑。树似梧桐，色白。叶似青桐。其子如
大栗，肥甘可食。
木竹子 又曰∶《桂海志》云∶皮色形状全似大枇杷，肉味甘美，秋
橹罟子 又曰∶《桂海志》云∶大如半升碗，数十房攒聚成球，每房有缝。冬生青，至
夏红。破其瓣食之，微甘。出广西。
罗晃子 又曰∶《桂海志》云∶状如橄榄，其皮七重。出广西。顾 《海槎录》云∶横
州出
子 又曰∶徐表《南州记》云∶出九真、交趾。树生子如桃实，长寸余。二月开花，
连着子，五月熟，色黄。盐藏食之，味酸似梅。
夫编子 又曰∶《南州记》云∶树生交趾山谷。三月开花，仍连着子，五、六月熟。入
鸡、鱼、猪、鸭羹中，味美，亦可盐藏。
白缘子 又曰∶刘欣期《交州记》云∶出交趾。树高丈余，实味甘美如
系弥子 又曰∶郭义恭《广志》云∶状圆而细，赤如软枣。其味初苦后
人面子 又曰∶《草木状》云∶出南海。树似含桃。子如桃实，无味，
其核正如人面，可玩。祝穆《方舆胜览》云∶出广中。大如梅李。春花、夏实、秋熟，蜜煎
甘酸可食
黄皮果 又曰∶《海槎录》云∶出广西横州。状如楝子及小枣而味酸。
四味果 又曰∶段成式《酉阳杂俎》云∶出祁连山。木生如枣。剖以竹刀则甘，铁刀则
苦，木刀则酸，芦刀则辛。行旅得之，能止饥渴。
千岁子 又曰∶《草木状》云∶出交趾。蔓生。子在根下，须绿色，交加如织。一苞恒
二百余颗，皮壳青黄色。壳中有肉如栗，味亦如之。干则壳肉相离，撼之有声。《桂海志》
云∶状似青黄李，味甘。
侯骚子 又曰∶《酉阳杂俎》云∶蔓生，子大如鸡卵，既甘且冷，消酒轻身。王太仆曾
献之。
酒杯藤子 又曰∶崔豹《古今注》云∶出西域。藤大如臂。花坚硬，可以酌酒，文章映
澈。实大如指，味如豆蔻，食之消酒。张骞得其种于大宛。
（音间）子 又曰∶贾思勰《齐民要术》云∶藤，生交趾、合浦。缘树木，正二、月
花，
四、五月熟，实如梨，赤如鸡冠，核如鱼鳞。生食，味淡
山枣 又曰∶《寰宇志》云∶出广西肇庆府。叶似梅，果似荔枝，九月
隈支 又曰∶宋祁《益州方物图》云∶生邛州山谷中。树高丈余，枝修而弱。开白花。
实大若雀卵，状似荔枝，肉黄肤甘。
灵床上果子（《拾遗》）
藏器云∶入夜谵语，食之即止。
（《本草纲目》收录二十一种，《本草拾遗》收录一种）
李时珍说：典籍中记载的各种果实，名称和品种非常多，无法详尽说明它们的性味和形态。既然已经归类于果部，那么注重养生的人不可不知晓，因此略加采集附录于此，以等待后人补充完善。
津符子 李时珍说：孙思邈的《千金方》记载：味道苦，性平，质地滑润。多食必定会……
思答 又说：忽思慧的《饮膳正要》记载：味道甘……
甘剑子 又说：范成大的《桂海志》记载：形状像巴榄子，果仁附着在果肉上，有白色的斑点，不能食用，会引起疾病。北方人称之为海胡桃。
味甘无奇，颜色青黄，长度四、五寸。
海梧子 又说：嵇含的《南方草木状》记载：出产于林邑。树木像梧桐树，树皮白色。叶子像青桐叶。它的果实像大栗子，肥大甘甜可食用。
木竹子 又说：《桂海志》记载：皮色形状完全像大枇杷，果肉味道甘美，秋季……
橹罟子 又说：《桂海志》记载：大小如半升碗，数十个房室聚集形成球状，每个房室有缝隙。冬季生长时为青色，到了夏季变红。剥开瓣膜食用，味道微甘。出产于广西。
罗晃子 又说：《桂海志》记载：形状像橄榄，果皮有七层。出产于广西。顾颉刚的《海槎录》记载：横州出产……
[缺失名称]子 又说：徐表的《南州记》记载：出产于九真、交趾。树上结出的果实像桃实，长一寸多。二月开花，连着花萼，五月成熟，颜色发黄。用盐腌制后食用，味道酸像梅子。
夫编子 又说：《南州记》记载：树木生长在交趾的山谷中。三月开花，仍连着花萼，五、六月成熟。放入鸡、鱼、猪、鸭的羹汤中，味道鲜美，也可以盐藏保存。
白缘子 又说：刘欣期的《交州记》记载：出产于交趾。树木高丈余，果实味道甘美像……
系弥子 又说：郭义恭的《广志》记载：形状圆而细，红色像软枣。其味道起初苦后来……
人面子 又说：《草木状》记载：出产于南海。树木像樱桃树。果实像桃实，没有味道，……
其核正如人面，可供玩赏。祝穆的《方舆胜览》记载：出产于广东地区。大小像梅子和李子。春季开花、夏季结果、秋季成熟，蜜煎后甘酸可食用。
黄皮果 又说：《海槎录》记载：出产于广西横州。形状像楝子及小枣但味道酸。
四味果 又说：段成式的《酉阳杂俎》记载：出产于祁连山。树木生长像枣树。剖开时用竹刀则味甜，铁刀则味苦，木刀则味酸，芦刀则味辛。旅行者得到它，能止饥渴。
千岁子 又说：《草木状》记载：出产于交趾。蔓生。果实长在根下，须根绿色，交错如编织。一个苞片恒常包含二百多颗，皮壳青黄色。壳中有肉像栗子，味道也类似。干燥后壳与肉分离，摇动时有声音。《桂海志》记载：形状像青黄色的李子，味道甘。
侯骚子 又说：《酉阳杂俎》记载：蔓生，果实大如鸡蛋，既甘甜又清凉，能解酒轻身。王太仆曾进献过它。
酒杯藤子 又说：崔豹的《古今注》记载：出产于西域。藤蔓大如手臂。花朵坚硬，可以用来斟酒，纹理映照清澈。果实大如手指，味道像豆蔻，食用它能解酒。张骞从大宛得到了它的种子。
[音间]子 又说：贾思勰的《齐民要术》记载：藤蔓，生长在交趾、合浦。攀缘树木，正二月开花，……
四、五月成熟，果实像梨，红色像鸡冠，果核像鱼鳞。生吃，味道淡……
山枣 又说：《寰宇志》记载：出产于广西肇庆府。叶子像梅叶，果实像荔枝，九月……
隈支 又说：宋祁的《益州方物图》记载：生长在邛州山谷中。树木高丈余，枝条修长而柔弱。开白花。果实大若雀卵，形状像荔枝，果肉黄表皮甘。
灵床上果子（出自《本草拾遗》）
(Recorded in *Bencao Gangmu* [Compendium of Materia Medica], 21 species; recorded in *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to the Compendium of Materia Medica], 1 species)
Li Shizhen stated: The various fruits recorded in ancient texts are numerous in names and varieties, making it impossible to detail their properties, flavors, and appearances. Since they have been classified under the category of Fruits, those concerned with health preservation must know them. Therefore, I have briefly collected and appended them here for future supplementation.
Jinfuzi (Master Jinfu): Li Shizhen stated: Sun Simiao’s *Qianjin Fang* [Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold] records: The flavor is bitter, the nature is neutral, and the texture is smooth. Excessive consumption will inevitably...
Sida: It is also stated: Hu Sihui’s *Yinshan Zhengyao* [Correct Essentials for Dietary Therapy] records: The flavor is sweet...
Ganjianzi: It is also stated: Fan Chengda’s *Guanghai Zhi* [Records of Guanghai] describes: The shape resembles Balianzi, with the kernel attached to the flesh, featuring white spots; it is inedible and can induce illness. People in the North call it Haihetao [Sea Walnut].
The flavor is sweet without peculiarity, the color is greenish-yellow, and the length is four or five cun.
Haiwuzi: It is also stated: Ji Han’s *Nanfang Caomu Zhuang* [Descriptions of Southern Plants] records: It originates from Linyi. The tree resembles the parasol tree (*Firmiana simplex*), with white bark. The leaves resemble those of the Chinese parasol tree (*Paulownia*). Its fruit is like a large chestnut, plump, sweet, and edible.
Muzhuzi: It is also stated: *Guanghai Zhi* records: The skin color and shape completely resemble large loquats, and the flesh tastes sweet and delicious; in autumn...
Luguzi: It is also stated: *Guanghai Zhi* records: The size is comparable to half a sheng bowl, with dozens of chambers clustered into a ball, each chamber having a seam. It grows green in winter and turns red in summer. Breaking open the segments to eat yields a slightly sweet taste. It originates from Guangxi.
Luohuangzi: It is also stated: *Guanghai Zhi* records: The shape resembles an olive, with seven layers of skin. It originates from Guangxi. Gu Jiegang’s *Haicha Lu* [Records of Sea Voyages] states: Produced in Hengzhou...
[Name Missing]zi: It is also stated: Xu Biao’s *Nanzhou Ji* [Records of Nanzhou] records: It originates from Jiuzhen and Jiaozhi. The tree bears fruit resembling peach drupes, over one cun long. It flowers in the second lunar month, retaining the calyx, and ripens in the fifth lunar month with a yellow color. Preserved in salt and eaten, the flavor is sour like plum.
Fubianzi: It is also stated: *Nanzhou Ji* records: The tree grows in the valleys of Jiaozhi. It flowers in the third lunar month, still retaining the calyx, and ripens in the fifth and sixth lunar months. When added to soups made from chicken, fish, pork, or duck, it is delicious; it can also be preserved in salt.
Baiyuanzi: It is also stated: Liu Xinqi’s *Jiaozhou Ji* [Records of Jiaozhou] records: It originates from Jiaozhi. The tree is over one zhang high, and the fruit is sweet and delicious like...
Ximizi: It is also stated: Guo Yigong’s *Guangzhi* [Broad Records] describes: The shape is round and slender, red like soft dates. Its flavor is initially bitter but later...
Renmianzi (Human Face Fruit): It is also stated: *Caomu Zhuang* records: It originates from the South Sea. The tree resembles the cherry tree. The fruit resembles a peach drupe but has no distinct flavor...
Its pit resembles a human face and can be used for appreciation. Zhu Mu’s *Fangyu Shenglan* [Geographical Marvels of the World] records: It originates from the Guangdong region. It is as large as plums and apricots. It flowers in spring, sets fruit in summer, and ripens in autumn; when candied in honey, it is sweet and sour and edible.
Huangpiguo (Yellow Skin Fruit): It is also stated: *Haicha Lu* records: It originates from Hengzhou, Guangxi. The shape resembles chinaberry and small jujubes but tastes sour.
Siweiguo (Four-Flavor Fruit): It is also stated: Duan Chengshi’s *Youyang Zazu* [Miscellaneous Morsels from Youyang] records: It originates from the Qilian Mountains. The tree grows like a jujube. When cut with a bamboo knife, it is sweet; with an iron knife, it is bitter; with a wooden knife, it is sour; with a reed knife, it is pungent. Travelers who obtain it can alleviate hunger and thirst.
Qiansuizi (Thousand-Year Fruit): It is also stated: *Caomu Zhuang* records: It originates from Jiaozhi. It is a creeping vine. The fruit grows underground at the roots, with green tendrils interlaced like weaving. One capsule consistently contains over two hundred seeds, with greenish-yellow shells. Inside the shell is flesh like a chestnut, with a similar taste. When dried, the shell and flesh separate, making a sound when shaken. *Guanghai Zhi* records: The shape resembles a greenish-yellow plum, and the flavor is sweet.
Housaozi: It is also stated: *Youyang Zazu* records: It is a creeping vine, with fruit as large as a chicken egg; it is both sweet and cooling, capable of resolving alcohol intoxication and lightening the body. Wang Taipu once presented it.
Jiubeitengzi (Wine Cup Vine Fruit): It is also stated: Cui Bao’s *Gujin Zhu* [Notes on Ancient and Modern Times] records: It originates from the Western Regions. The vine is as thick as an arm. The flower is hard and can be used to pour wine, with patterns that are clear and reflective. The fruit is as large as a finger, tasting like cardamom; consuming it resolves alcohol intoxication. Zhang Qian obtained its seeds from Dayuan.
[Jian]zi: It is also stated: Jia Sixie’s *Qimin Yaoshu* [Essential Techniques for the Welfare of the People] records: The vine grows in Jiaozhi and Hepu. It climbs trees, flowers in the second lunar month...
Ripens in the fourth and fifth lunar months. The fruit resembles a pear, red like a rooster's comb, and the pit resembles fish scales. Eaten raw, the flavor is bland...
Shanzao (Mountain Date): It is also stated: *Huanyu Zhi* records: It originates from Zhaoqing Prefecture, Guangxi. The leaves resemble plum leaves, the fruit resembles lychee, and in the ninth lunar month...
Weizhi: It is also stated: Song Qi’s *Yizhou Fangwu Tu* [Illustrated Records of Local Products of Yizhou] records: It grows in the valleys of Qiongzhou. The tree is over one zhang high, with slender and weak branches. It bears white flowers. The fruit is as large as a sparrow’s egg, shaped like a lychee, with yellow flesh and sweet skin.
Linchuangshang Guozi (Spirit Bed Fruit) (from *Bencao Shiyi*)
Chen Cangqi stated: If delirious speech occurs at night, consuming this fruit will stop it immediately.