（《唐本草》）
【释名】血竭。
时珍曰∶骐 亦马名也。此物如干血，故谓之血竭。曰骐 者，隐之也。旧与紫 同条，
紫乃此树
【集解】恭曰∶骐 竭树名渴留，紫 树名渴廪，二物大同小异。
志曰∶二物同条，功效全别。紫 色赤而黑，其叶大如盘， 从叶上出。骐 竭色黄而
赤，从木中出，如松脂。
曰∶按∶《南越志》云∶骐 竭，是紫 树之脂也。欲验真伪，但嚼之不烂如蜡者为
上。
木中流出，滴下如胶饴状，久而坚凝，乃成竭，赤作血色。采无时。旧说与紫 大都相类，
而别是一物，功力亦殊。 曰∶凡使勿用海母血，真相似，只是味咸并腥气。骐 竭味微咸、
甘，似栀子气也。时珍曰∶骐 竭是树脂，紫 是虫造。按∶《一统志》云∶血竭树略如没
药树，其肌赤色。采法亦于树下掘坎，斧伐其树，脂流于坎，旬日取之。多出大食诸国。今
人试之，以透指甲者为真。
独孤滔《丹房镜源》云∶此物出于西胡，禀荧惑之气而结。以火烧之，有赤汁涌出，久
而灰不变本色者，为真也。
【修治】 曰∶凡使先研作粉，筛过入丸、散中用。若同众药捣，则化作尘飞也。
【气味】甘、咸，平，无毒。
【主治】心腹猝痛，金疮血出，破积血，止痛生肉，去五脏邪气（
一切疼痛，血气搅刺，内伤血聚，补虚，并宜酒服
益阳精，消阴滞气（《太
（大明）。散滞血诸痛，妇人血
【发明】时珍曰∶骐 竭，木之脂液，如人之膏血，其味甘咸而走血，盖手、足厥阴药
也。肝与心包皆主血故尔。河间刘氏云∶血竭除血痛，为和血之圣药，是矣。乳香、没药虽
主血病，而兼入气分，此则专于血分者也。
【附方】旧二，新十。
白虎风痛走注，两膝
新久香港脚∶血竭、乳香等分，同研
连面捣，丸梧桐子大。每温酒服三十丸。忌生冷。（《奇效方》）。
慢惊螈 ∶定魄安魂，益气。用血竭半两，乳香二钱半，同捣成剂，火炙熔丸梧桐子大。
每服一丸，薄荷煎汤化下。夏月用人参汤。（《御药院方》）。
鼻出衄血∶血竭、蒲黄等分为末，吹之。（《医林集要》）。
血痔肠风∶血竭末，敷之。（《直指方》）。
金疮出血∶骐 竭末，敷之立止。（《广利方》）。
产后血冲，心胸满喘，命在须臾∶用血竭、没药各一钱，研细，童便和酒调服。（《医
林集要》）。
产后血晕，不知人及狂语∶用骐 竭一两，研末。每服二钱，温酒调下。（《太平圣惠
方》）。
收敛疮口∶血竭末一字，麝香少许，大枣（烧灰）半钱，同研。津调涂之。（究原方）。
疮不合∶血竭末敷之，以干为度。（《济急仙方》）。
嵌甲疼痛∶血竭末，敷之。（《医林集要》）
腹中血块∶血竭、没药各一两，滑石（牡丹皮同煮过）一两，为末，醋糊丸梧桐子大，
服之
（出自《唐本草》）
【释名】血竭。
李时珍说：骐竭也是马的名字。这种物质像干涸的血，所以称为血竭。称它为骐竭，是隐晦的说法。旧时将其与紫草归为同类，但紫草是……（原文此处有缺漏，依上下文意译：紫草乃此树之叶/花等部分，而骐竭为树脂）。
【集解】苏恭说：骐竭树的名称叫渴留，紫草树的名称叫渴廪，这两种东西大体相同而略有差异。
苏颂说：这两种东西虽然归为同类，但功效完全不同。紫草颜色赤黑，叶子大如盘子，花朵从叶上长出。骐竭颜色黄赤，从树干中流出，像松脂一样。
寇宗奭说：按《南越志》记载：骐竭，是紫草树的树脂。要验证真伪，只要咀嚼它，不烂如蜡质的是上品。
从树干中流出，滴下时像胶饴状，时间久了坚硬凝固，才成为血竭，呈现血色。采集没有固定时间。旧时说它与紫草大都相似，但实际上是另一种东西，功效也截然不同。
寇宗奭说：凡使用本品，不要用海母血（一种伪品），因为真品非常相似，只是海母血味道咸且有腥气。骐竭味道微咸、甘，有类似栀子的香气。
李时珍说：骐竭是树脂，紫草是昆虫制造的。按《一统志》记载：血竭树略像没药树，其木质呈赤色。采集方法是在树下挖坑，斧头砍伐树木，树脂流入坑中，十天后来收取。多产自大食（阿拉伯地区）等国。现在人们测试真伪的方法，以能透入指甲的为真品。
独孤滔在《丹房镜源》中说：这种物品出于西域胡地，禀受荧惑星（火星）之气而凝结。用火焚烧它，有红色汁液涌出，久后灰烬不变原色的，是真品。
【修治】寇宗奭说：凡使用本品，先研磨成粉，筛过后用于丸剂、散剂中。如果与其他药物一起捣碎，它就会化作灰尘飞散。
【气味】甘、咸，平性，无毒。
【主治】心腹突然疼痛，金创出血，破除瘀血，止痛生肌，去除五脏邪气（一切疼痛，气血搅动刺痛，内伤血聚，补虚，均宜用酒送服）。益阳精，消阴滞气。（出自《名医别录》）。散除瘀血引起的各种疼痛，治疗妇人血……（原文此处有缺漏，通常指月经不调或产后诸疾）。
【发明】李时珍说：骐竭，是树木的脂液，就像人的膏血，它的味甘甜咸而走血分，大概是手厥阴心包经和足厥阴肝经的药物。因为肝与心包都主司血液的缘故。河间刘完素说：血竭能消除血痛，是和血的圣药，这话是对的。乳香、没药虽然主要治疗血病，但兼入气分，而血竭则专入血分。
【附方】旧方二首，新方十首。
白虎风（历节风）疼痛游走不定，两膝……（原文此处有缺漏，通常为肿痛）。
新旧香港脚（脚气病）：血竭、乳香各等分，共同研细，连面捣匀，制成梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次温酒送服三十丸。忌食生冷。（出自《奇效方》）。
慢惊风抽搐：定魄安魂，益气。用血竭半两，乳香二钱半，共同捣成膏状，火烤熔化后制成梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次服用一丸，用薄荷煎汤化开送下。夏季用人参汤送服。（出自《御药院方》）。
鼻衄出血：血竭、蒲黄各等分为末，吹入鼻中。（出自《医林集要》）。
血痔肠风：血竭末，外敷患处。（出自《直指方》）。
金创出血：骐竭末，外敷患处，立即止血。（出自《广利方》）。
产后血冲，心胸胀满气喘，生命垂危：用血竭、没药各一钱，研细，用童子小便和酒调服。（出自《医林集要》）。
产后血晕，昏迷不省人事及胡言乱语：用骐竭一两，研成末。每次服用二钱，温酒调下。（出自《太平圣惠方》）。
收敛疮口：血竭末一字量，麝香少许，大枣（烧成灰）半钱，共同研细。用唾液调和涂抹患处。（出自究原方）。
疮口不合：血竭末外敷，以干燥为度。（出自《济急仙方》）。
嵌甲疼痛：血竭末，外敷患处。（出自《医林集要》）。
腹中血块：血竭、没药各一两，滑石（与牡丹皮同煮过）一两，研成末，醋糊制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，服用。
(From *Tang Bencao*)
[Names] Xuejie (Dragon's Blood).
Li Shizhen said: "Qijie" is also the name of a horse. This substance resembles dried blood, hence it is called Xuejie (Dragon's Blood). The term Qijie is used as an euphemism. Historically, it was grouped with Zicao (Lithospermum Erythrorhizon), but Zicao is derived from the leaves/flowers of this tree... [Text fragment missing].
[Collected Explanations] Su Gong said: The tree producing Qijie is named Keliu, and the tree producing Zicao is named Kelin. These two substances are largely similar with minor differences.
Su Song said: Although these two substances were grouped together, their efficacies are entirely different. Zicao is reddish-black in color, with leaves as large as plates, and flowers emerging from the leaf axils. Qijie is yellowish-red in color, exudes from the wood like pine resin.
Kou Zongshi said: According to *Nanyue Zhi*, Qijie is the resin of the Zicao tree. To verify authenticity, chew it; the superior quality will not crumble like wax when chewed.
It flows from the trunk, dripping down resembling sticky malt syrup. Over time, it hardens and solidifies to become Xuejie, appearing red like blood. It can be harvested at any time. Old theories suggest it is mostly similar to Zicao, but it is actually a different substance with distinct efficacy.
Kou Zongshi said: When using this herb, do not use "Sea Mother Blood" (a counterfeit), as it closely resembles the genuine article but has a salty taste and fishy odor. Qijie has a slightly salty and sweet taste, with an aroma similar to Gardenia.
Li Shizhen said: Qijie is tree resin, whereas Zicao is produced by insects. According to *Yitong Zhi*, the Dragon's Blood tree is somewhat similar to the Myrrh tree, with reddish wood. The harvesting method involves digging pits under the tree, chopping the tree with axes so that resin flows into the pits, and collecting it after ten days. It is mostly produced in countries such as Dashi (Arab regions). Current methods for testing authenticity involve checking if it can penetrate fingernails; those that do are genuine.
Dugu Tao in *Danfang Jingyuan* stated: This substance originates from the Western Hu (Central Asia/West), formed by absorbing the qi of Mars (Yinghuo). When burned, red juice gushes out; if the ash remains unchanged in color after prolonged burning, it is genuine.
[Processing] Kou Zongshi said: Before use, grind it into powder and sieve it for inclusion in pills and powders. If pounded together with other herbs, it will turn to dust and fly away.
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, salty, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Sudden pain in the heart and abdomen, bleeding from traumatic wounds, resolving blood stasis, relieving pain and promoting tissue regeneration, eliminating pathogenic qi from the five zang organs. For all types of pain, stabbing sensations caused by chaotic qi and blood, internal injuries with blood accumulation, and deficiency supplementation, it is best taken with wine. It benefits yang essence and dissipates stagnant yin qi. (From *Mingyi Bielu*). It disperses various pains caused by blood stasis and treats women's blood disorders... [Text fragment missing].
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen said: Qijie is the sap of trees, analogous to human marrow and blood. Its sweet and salty flavor directs it to the blood level, making it a herb for the Hand-Jueyin (Pericardium) and Foot-Jueyin (Liver) meridians. This is because both the Liver and Pericardium govern blood. Liu Wansu of Hejian stated: "Xuejie eliminates blood-related pain and is the supreme herb for harmonizing blood," which is correct. While Frankincense (Ruxiang) and Myrrh (Moyao) primarily treat blood diseases, they also enter the qi level; Xuejie, however, acts exclusively on the blood level.
[Attached Prescriptions] Two old prescriptions, ten new prescriptions.
For Baihu Feng (Gout/Joint Pain) with wandering pain and swelling in both knees... [Text fragment missing].
Old and new Hongxiangjiao (Beriberi): Equal parts of Xuejie (Dragon's Blood) and Ruxiang (Frankincense), ground together finely, mixed with flour and pounded into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills each time with warm wine. Avoid raw and cold foods. (From *Qixiao Fang*).
For slow convulsions (Slow Convulsive Disease): To calm the soul and replenish qi. Use half liang of Xuejie (Dragon's Blood) and two qian and a half of Ruxiang (Frankincense), pound them into a paste, melt over fire, and form into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take one pill each time, dissolved in decoction of mint. In summer, take with Ginseng decoction. (From *Yuyao Yuan Fang*).
For epistaxis (Nosebleed): Equal parts of Xuejie (Dragon's Blood) and Puhuang (Pollen Typhae), ground into powder, insufflated into the nose. (From *Yilin Jiyao*).
For bloody hemorrhoids and intestinal wind: Apply Xuejie (Dragon's Blood) powder externally. (From *Zhizhi Fang*).
For bleeding from traumatic wounds: Apply Qijie (Dragon's Blood) powder externally to stop bleeding immediately. (From *Guangli Fang*).
For postpartum blood rushing upward, causing chest fullness and asthma, life-threatening: Use one qian of Xuejie (Dragon's Blood) and Moyao (Myrrh), grind finely, mix with urine of a healthy boy and wine, and take orally. (From *Yilin Jiyao*).
For postpartum syncope due to blood, unconsciousness, and delirium: Use one liang of Qijie (Dragon's Blood), grind into powder. Take two qian each time, mixed with warm wine. (From *Taiping Shenghui Fang*).
To contract wound margins: One zi amount of Xuejie (Dragon's Blood) powder, a small amount of Shexiang (Musk), and half a qian of Da Zao (Jujube) burnt to ash, ground together. Mix with saliva and apply topically. (From Jiuyuan Fang).
For non-healing ulcers: Apply Xuejie (Dragon's Blood) powder externally until dry. (From *Jiji Xian Fang*).
For ingrown toenail pain: Apply Xuejie (Dragon's Blood) powder externally. (From *Yilin Jiyao*).
For blood masses in the abdomen: One liang of Xuejie (Dragon's Blood), one liang of Moyao (Myrrh), one liang of Huashi (Talcum) boiled with Mudanpi (Tree Peony Bark), ground into powder, made into pills the size of Sophora seeds using vinegar paste, and taken orally.