（《拾遗》）
【释名】 鱼（寻、淫二音）
时珍曰∶此鱼延长，故从寻从覃，皆延长之义。《月令》云∶
故有王鲔之称。郭璞云∶大者名王鲔，小者名叔鲔，更小者
云∶周洛曰鲔，蜀曰
明溺海死，化为此鱼。盖尉亦
【集解】藏器曰∶鲟生江中。背如龙，长一、二丈。
时珍曰∶出江淮、黄河、辽海深水处，亦 属也。岫居，长者丈余。至春始出而浮阳，
见日则目眩。其状如 ，而背上无甲。其色青碧，腹下色白。其鼻长与身等，口在颔下，食
而不饮。颊下有青斑纹，如梅花状。尾歧如丙。肉色纯白，味亚于 ， 骨不脆。罗愿云∶
鲟状如鬻鼎，上大下小，大头哆
肉
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
诜曰∶有毒。味虽美而发诸药毒，动
人忌之。勿与干笋同食，发瘫痪风。小儿食之，成咳嗽及症瘕。作 虽珍，亦不益人。
【主治】补虚益气，令人肥健（藏器）。煮汁饮，治血淋（孟诜）。
鼻肉
作脯名鹿头，亦名鹿肉，言美也。
【主治】补虚下气（藏器）。
子（状如小豆）
【主治】食之肥美，杀腹内小虫
（《拾遗》）
【集解】藏器曰∶生东海。其头似牛。
时珍曰∶按∶《一统志》云∶牛鱼出女直混同江。大者长丈余，重三百斤。无鳞骨，其
肉脂相间，食之味长。又《异物志》云∶南海有牛鱼，一名引鱼，重三、四百斤，状如鳢，
无鳞骨，背有斑纹，腹下青色。知海潮，肉味颇长。观二说，则此亦 属也。 、引声亦相
近。
肉
无毒。
【主治】六畜疫疾。作干脯为末，以水和灌鼻，即出黄涕。亦可置病牛处，令气相熏（藏
器）。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】 鱼（读音同“寻”、“淫”）
李时珍说：这种鱼身体修长，所以字形从“寻”从“覃”，都有修长的意思。《礼记·月令》中说：因此有王鲔的称呼。郭璞说：大的叫王鲔，小的叫叔鲔，更小的叫……周朝洛地叫鲔，蜀地叫……明溺海死，化为这种鱼。大概尉也是……
【集解】 陈藏器说：鲟鱼生长在江河中。背部像龙，长一、二丈。
李时珍说：出产于江淮、黄河、辽海等深水处，也属于……类。栖息于石穴中，长的有一丈多。到春天才出来浮出水面，见到太阳眼睛就会眩晕。它的形状像……，但背上没有鳞甲。颜色青碧，腹部白色。鼻子长与身体相等，口在颚下，只吃食物不喝水。脸颊下有青色斑纹，像梅花状。尾巴分叉像“丙”字。肉质纯白，味道次于……，骨头不脆。罗愿说：鲟鱼形状像鬻鼎，上大下小，大头张开……肉
【气味】 甘味，平性，无毒。
孟诜说：有毒。味道虽然美味但会引发各种药物毒性，使人发病，人们忌讳它。不要和干笋一起吃，会引发瘫痪风。小儿吃了，会形成咳嗽及症瘕。做成……虽然珍贵，也不利于人体健康。
【主治】 补虚益气，使人肥壮强健（陈藏器）。煮汁饮用，治疗血淋（孟诜）。
鼻肉
做成脯称为鹿头，也称为鹿肉，是说味道鲜美。
子（形状像小豆）
【主治】 食用后肥美，能杀死腹内的小虫。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【集解】 陈藏器说：生长于东海。头部像牛。
李时珍说：查考《一统志》说：牛鱼出自古女真混同江。大的长一丈多，重三百斤。无鳞骨，肉和脂肪相间，吃起来味道持久。又《异物志》说：南海有牛鱼，一名引鱼，重三、四百斤，形状像鳢鱼，无鳞骨，背上有斑纹，腹部青色。知晓海潮变化，肉味颇长。看这两种说法，那么这也属于……类。“ ”和“引”声音相近。
肉
无毒。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
**[Names]** Xun Yu (Sturgeon) (Pronounced as "Xun" or "Yin")
Li Shizhen said: This fish has an elongated body, hence the character components "Xun" and "Tan," both implying elongation. The *Liji Yue Ling* states: Thus it is called Wang Wei (King Sturgeon). Guo Pu said: The large ones are named Wang Wei, the small ones Shu Wei, and the even smaller ones... In the Zhou dynasty, Lu region called it Wei, while Shu region called it... Those who drowned in the bright sea transform into this fish. Presumably, Wei also...
**[Collection and Explanation]** Chen Zangqi said: Sturgeon lives in rivers. Its back resembles a dragon, measuring one to two zhang in length.
Li Shizhen said: It is found in deep waters of the Jianghuai, Yellow River, and Liaohai regions, belonging to the ... family. It dwells in rocky crevices, with long individuals exceeding one zhang. It emerges to float on the surface only in spring. Upon seeing the sun, its eyes become dizzy. Its shape resembles ..., but lacks scales on its back. Its color is blue-green, with a white belly. Its nose is as long as its body, and its mouth is located under the chin; it eats but does not drink. There are blue spots on its cheeks, resembling plum blossoms. Its tail is forked like the character "Bing." The meat is pure white, inferior in taste to ..., and its bones are not crisp. Luo Yuan said: The sturgeon resembles a cooking tripod, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, with a large head gaping... meat.
**[Nature and Flavor]** Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
Meng Shen said: It is toxic. Although delicious, it can induce toxicity from other medicines and cause illness; people avoid it. Do not consume it with dried bamboo shoots, as it may induce paralysis wind. If eaten by children, it causes coughing and zhijia (abdominal masses). Prepared as ..., although precious, it is not beneficial to humans.
**[Therapeutic Actions]** Tonifies deficiency and benefits qi, making one fat and strong (Chen Zangqi). Boil the juice and drink it to treat xuelin (blood strangury) (Meng Shen).
Nose Meat
Prepared as jerky, it is called Lutu (Deer Head), also known as Lourou (Deer Meat), indicating its exquisite taste.
**[Therapeutic Actions]** Tonifies deficiency and directs qi downward (Chen Zangqi).
Eggs (Shaped like small beans)
**[Therapeutic Actions]** Eating them makes one fat and beautiful; they kill small worms inside the abdomen.
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
**[Collection and Explanation]** Chen Zangqi said: It grows in the East Sea. Its head resembles that of a cow.
Li Shizhen said: According to the *Yitong Zhi*: Niu Yu (Cow Fish) originates from the Hundong River in ancient Wuzhuren. Large specimens exceed one zhang in length and weigh three hundred jin. They lack scales and bones; their meat and fat are intermixed, offering a lasting flavor. Additionally, the *Yiwu Zhi* states: In the South Sea, there is a Cow Fish, also called Yin Yu, weighing three to four hundred jin. It resembles Liyu (Snakehead fish), lacks scales and bones, has patterned markings on its back, and a cyan belly. It responds to tidal changes, and its meat has a distinct flavor. Observing these two accounts, this too belongs to the ... family. The sounds of " " and "Yin" are similar.
Meat
Non-toxic.
**[Therapeutic Actions]** Treats epidemics among the six domestic animals. Grind dried jerky into powder, mix with water, and instill into the nostrils to expel yellow mucus. Alternatively, place it near sick cattle so that their vapors熏 (fumigate) each other (Chen Zangqi).