（《别录》下品）
【释名】雀鹰（《诗疏》）、鸢（《诗经》）、 （音淫）、隼（本作 。音笋）、鹞。
时珍曰∶鸱、鸢二字，篆文象形。一云∶鸱，其声也。鸢，攫物如射也。隼，击物准也
。鹞，目击遥也。《诗疏》云∶隼有数种，通称为鹞。雀鹰，春化布谷。《尔雅》谓之茅鸱
，齐人谓之击正，或谓之题肩。《尔雅》云∶ ，负雀也。《梵书》谓之阿黎耶。
【集解】弘景曰∶鸱，即俗呼老鸱者。又有雕、鹗，并相似而大。
时珍曰∶鸱似鹰而稍小，其尾如舵，极善高翔，专捉鸡、雀。鸱类有数种。按∶《禽经
》云∶善抟者曰鹗，窃玄者曰雕， 曰 ，骨曰鹘，了曰鹞，展曰 ，夺曰 。又云∶鹘生
三子，一为鸱。鹘，小于鸱而最猛捷，能击鸠、鸽，亦名鹬子，一名笼脱。 ，色青，向风
展翅迅摇，搏捕鸟雀，鸣则大风，一名晨风。 ，小于 ，其 上下，亦取鸟雀如攘掇也，
一名鹬子。又《月令》∶二月鹰化为鸠，七月鸠化为鹰。《列子》云∶鹞为 ， 为布谷，布
谷复为鹞。皆指此属也。隼鹘虽鸷而有义，故曰鹰不击伏，隼不击胎。鹘握鸠而自暖，乃至
旦而见释，此皆杀中有仁也。
鸱头
【修治】弘景曰∶虽不限雌雄，雄者当胜。用须微炙，不用蠹者。古方治头面方有鸱头
酒。
【气味】咸，平，无毒。时珍曰∶按段成式云∶唐肃宗张后专权，每进酒置鸱脑于内
，云令人久醉健忘。则鸱头亦有微毒矣。
【主治】头风目眩颠倒，痫疾（《别录》）。
【附方】旧一，新一。
癫痫螈 ∶飞鸱头三枚，铅丹一斤，为末，蜜丸梧桐子大。每酒服三丸，日三次。（《千
金方》）
旋风眩冒∶鸱头丸，用鸱头一枚（炒黄），真 茹、白术各一两，川椒半两（微炒去汁），
为末，蜜和，丸梧桐子大。每服食前以温酒下二十丸。（《圣惠》）
肉
【气味】缺。
【主治】食之，治癫痫（孟诜）。食之，消鸡肉、鹌鹑成积（时珍）。
骨
【主治】鼻衄不止。取老鸱翅关大骨，微炙研末，吹之（时珍。出《圣济总录》）。
（收录于《名医别录》下品）
【释名】雀鹰（出自《毛诗正义》）、鸢（出自《诗经》）、鹞（音同“淫”）、隼（原字形为“𪄿”，音同“笋”）、鹞。
李时珍说：鸱、鸢二字，其篆书字形是象形字。另一种说法认为：鸱，是指它的叫声；鸢，是指它攫取物体如同射箭般迅猛。隼，是指攻击物体准确无误。鹞，是指目光敏锐能看清远处。《毛诗正义》说：隼有多种，统称为鹞。雀鹰，在春天变化为布谷鸟。《尔雅》称它为茅鸱，齐地人叫它击正，也有人叫它题肩。《尔雅》说：“𪄿”是背负着麻雀飞的鸟。佛经中称它为阿黎耶。
【集解】陶弘景说：鸱，就是俗话所说的老鸱。还有雕、鹗，都与鸱相似但体型更大。
李时珍说：鸱像鹰但稍小，它的尾巴像船舵，极善于在高空中飞翔，专门捕捉鸡和麻雀。鸱类有好几种。据《禽经》记载：善于盘旋搏击的叫做鹗，羽毛黑中带青的叫做雕，骨色的叫做鹘，明亮的叫做鹞，展翅的叫作某种鸟，夺取的叫作某种鸟。又说：鹘生下三个孩子，其中一个是鸱。鹘比鸱小但最凶猛敏捷，能攻击斑鸠、鸽子，也名叫鹬子，一名笼脱。某种鸟颜色青，迎着风展翅迅速摇动，搏捕鸟雀，鸣叫时会有大风，一名晨风。某种鸟比前一种小，它的上下部分，也抓取鸟雀如同拾取一般，一名鹬子。又据《礼记·月令》记载：二月鹰化为鸠，七月鸠化为鹰。《列子》说：鹞变为某种鸟，某种鸟变为布谷，布谷又变回鹞。都是指这一类的鸟。隼和鹘虽然凶猛但有义气，所以说鹰不攻击伏地的猎物，隼不攻击怀胎的母兽。鹘握着斑鸠自己取暖，直到天亮才释放它，这些都是杀戮中蕴含仁慈的表现。
鸱头
【修治】陶弘景说：虽不分雌雄，但雄性的应当更好用。使用时需要轻微炙烤，不要用被虫蛀过的。古代方剂治疗头面部的病症中有鸱头酒。
【气味】咸味，平性，无毒。李时珍说：据段成式记载：唐肃宗的张皇后专权，每次喝酒时在酒里放入鸱脑，说能让人长久醉酒且健忘。那么鸱头也是有微毒的了。
【附方】旧方一个，新方一个。
癫痫抽搐：飞鸱头三枚，铅丹一斤，研为细末，用蜂蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸药。每次用酒送服三丸，每日三次。（出自《千金方》）
旋风眩晕昏冒：鸱头丸，用鸱头一枚（炒至发黄），真薇茹、白术各一两，川椒半两（轻微炒制去汗液），研为细末，用蜂蜜调和，制成梧桐子大小的丸药。每次饭前用温酒送服二十丸。（出自《圣惠方》）
肉
【气味】缺失。
【主治】食用它，能治疗癫痫（孟诜）。食用它，会导致鸡肉、鹌鹑在体内形成积滞（李时珍）。
骨
【主治】鼻出血不止。取老鸱翅膀关节处的大骨，轻微炙烤后研成粉末，吹入鼻孔中（李时珍。出自《圣济总录》）。
(Recorded in the Lower Category of *Bie Lu*)
[Names] Sparrow Hawk (*Mao Shi Zheng Yi*), Kite (*Shi Jing*), Yao (pronounced "yin"), Sun (original character: 𪄿, pronounced "sun"), Ye.
Li Shizhen stated: The seal script characters for Chi and Yuan are pictographic. Another view holds that "Chi" refers to its sound; "Yuan" refers to seizing objects as swiftly as shooting an arrow. "Sun" refers to striking targets with precision. "Ye" refers to keen vision seeing from afar. *Mao Shi Zheng Yi* states: There are several types of Sun, collectively called Ye. The Sparrow Hawk transforms into the Cuckoo in spring. *Erya* calls it Mao Chi. People in Qi call it Ji Zheng, or Ti Jian. *Erya* says: "𪄿" is a bird that carries sparrows on its back. Buddhist scriptures call it Aliye.
[Collected Explanations] Tao Hongjing said: Chi is what is commonly called Lao Chi. There are also Diao and E, which resemble Chi but are larger.
Li Shizhen said: Chi resembles a hawk but is slightly smaller, with a tail like a rudder, excelling at soaring high, specifically catching chickens and sparrows. There are several species within the Chi genus. According to *Qin Jing*: Those good at circling and striking are called E; those black with blue hues are called Diao; bone-colored ones are called Hu; bright ones are called Ye; those spreading wings are called [specific name]; those seizing are called [specific name]. It is also said: A Hu gives birth to three offspring, one of whom becomes a Chi. Hu is smaller than Chi but fiercer and more agile, capable of attacking turtledoves and pigeons; it is also named Yu Zi, or Long Tuo. [Specific bird] is green, spreads its wings rapidly against the wind to catch birds; when it cries, great winds arise; it is also called Chen Feng. [Another specific bird] is smaller than the previous one; its upper and lower parts also capture birds as if picking them up; it is also named Yu Zi. Furthermore, *Liji · Yueling* records: In the second month, Hawks transform into Doves; in the seventh month, Doves transform into Hawks. *Liezi* states: Ye transforms into [specific bird], [specific bird] into Cuckoo, and Cuckoo back into Ye. All refer to this group. Although Sun and Hu are fierce, they possess righteousness; thus, it is said that Hawks do not strike prey lying down, and Suns do not strike pregnant beasts. Hu warms itself by holding a dove until dawn before releasing it. These all demonstrate benevolence within killing.
Head of Chi
[Preparation] Tao Hongjing said: Both male and female can be used, but males are superior. They must be lightly roasted; those infested with worms should not be used. Ancient prescriptions for head and facial conditions include Chi Head Wine.
[Flavor and Nature] Salty, Neutral, Non-toxic. Li Shizhen said: According to Duan Chengshi, Empress Zhang of Emperor Suzong of Tang held power and often added Chi brain to wine, claiming it induced long-lasting drunkenness and forgetfulness. Thus, Chi Head does have slight toxicity.
[Indications] Tou Feng (Wind-headache), Xuan Yun (Dizziness), inversion/disorientation, Xian Ji (Epilepsy) (*Bie Lu*).
[Attached Prescriptions] One old prescription, one new prescription.
Epileptic convulsions: Three dried Chi heads, one jin of Qian Dan (Lead Oxide), ground into powder, formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds with honey. Take three pills with wine each time, three times a day. (*Qian Jin Fang*)
Whirlwind dizziness and fainting: Chi Head Pill. Use one Chi head (stir-fried until yellow), Zhen Wei Ru and Bai Zhu each one liang, Chuan Jiao half a liang (lightly stir-fried to remove moisture). Grind into powder, mix with honey, and form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take twenty pills before meals with warm wine. (*Sheng Hui Fang*)
Meat
[Flavor and Nature] Missing.
[Indications] Consuming it treats epilepsy (Meng Shen). Consuming it causes chicken and quail flesh to accumulate/stagnate in the body (Li Shizhen).
Bone
[Indications] Persistent epistaxis (nosebleed). Take the large bones from the wing joints of an old Chi, lightly roast, grind into powder, and insufflate into the nostrils (Li Shizhen. From *Sheng Ji Zong Lu*).