（《别录》下品）
【释名】皂君（《诗疏》）、负釜
时珍曰∶鹳字，篆文象形。其背、尾色黑，故陆玑《诗疏》有皂君诸名。
【集解】弘景曰∶鹳有两种∶似鹄而巢树者为白鹳，黑色曲颈者为乌鹳。今宜用白者。
宗 曰∶鹳身如鹤，但头无丹，项无乌带。兼不善唳，止以喙相击而鸣。多在楼殿吻上
作窠。尝日夕观之，并无作池养鱼之说。
时珍曰∶鹳似鹤而顶不丹，长颈赤喙，色灰白，翅尾俱黑。多巢于高木。其飞也，奋于
层霄，旋绕如阵，仰天号鸣，必主有雨。其抱卵以影，或云以声聒之。《禽经》云∶鹳生三
子，一为鹤。巽极成震，极阴变阳也。震为鹤，巽为鹳也。
【正误】藏器曰∶人探巢取鹳子，六十里旱，能群飞激散雨也。其巢中以泥为池，含水
满中，养鱼、蛇以哺子。鹳之伏卵恐冷，取 石围之，以助暖气。
时珍曰∶寥郭之大，阴阳升降，油然作云，沛然下雨。区区微鸟，岂能以私忿使天壤赤
旱耶？况鹳乃水鸟，可以候雨乎？作池、取石之说，俱出自陆玑《诗疏》、张华《博物志》，
可
谓
骨
【气味】甘，大寒，无毒。藏器曰∶有小毒。入沐汤浴头，令发尽脱，更不生也。又
杀树木。
【主治】鬼蛊诸疰毒，五尸心腹痛（《别录》）。
甄权曰∶亦可单炙黄研，空心暖酒服方寸匕。
时珍曰∶《千金》治尸疰，有鹳骨丸。
脚骨及嘴
【主治】喉痹飞尸，蛇虺咬，及小儿闪癖，大腹痞满，并煮汁
卵
【主治】预解痘毒，水煮一枚，与小儿啖之，令不出痘，或出亦稀
书》）。
屎
【主治】小儿天钓惊风，发歇不定。炒研半钱，入牛黄、麝香各半钱，炒蝎五枚，为末。
每服半钱，新汲水服（时珍）。
（收录于《名医别录》下品）
【释名】皂君（出自陆玑《毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏》）、负釜。
李时珍说：鹳字的篆书字形是象形字。它的背部和尾部颜色黑，所以陆玑在《毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏》中称它为“皂君”等名字。
【集解】陶弘景说：鹳有两种：像天鹅一样在树上筑巢的是白鹳，黑色且脖子弯曲的是乌鹳。现在适宜使用白色的。
苏颂说：鹳的身体像鹤，只是头上没有丹红色，脖子上没有黑色环带。而且不擅长鸣叫，只靠嘴互相敲击发声。多在楼阁殿宇的屋脊上筑巢。我曾经早晚观察它们，并没有看到它们在池塘里养鱼的记载。
李时珍说：鹳像鹤但头顶不是红色的，脖子长，嘴红色，羽毛灰白色，翅膀和尾巴都是黑色的。多在高大的树木上筑巢。它们飞翔时，冲入高空，盘旋环绕如军阵，仰天号叫，必定预示有雨。它们孵卵时用影子覆盖，有人说用声音嘈杂来孵化。《禽经》说：鹳生三个孩子，其中一个变成了鹤。巽卦（风）发展到极致变成震卦（雷），这是极阴转化为阳。震卦代表鹤，巽卦代表鹳。
【正误】陈藏器说：人们去探取鹳巢抓鹳雏，六十里内就会干旱，鹳能成群飞舞激散雨水。它们的巢中有用泥做的池塘，装满水，养鱼、蛇来喂养幼鸟。鹳伏在蛋上怕冷，会捡石头围在周围，以辅助暖气。
李时珍说：天地广大，阴阳升降，自然形成云气，降下大雨。区区微小的鸟儿，难道能因为私愤让天地赤地千里吗？况且鹳是水鸟，可以预报降雨吗？筑池、取石的说法，都出自陆玑《毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏》和张华《博物志》，可以说是荒诞不经的书（注：原文此处似有缺字或排版错误，结合语境意为此类说法不可信）。
【气味】味甘，性大寒，无毒。陈藏器说：有小毒。放入洗头水中浴头，能使头发全部脱落，并且不再生长。又能杀死树木。
【主治】鬼疰、蛊毒等各种传染性疾病，五尸心痛腹痛（出自《名医别录》）。
甄权说：也可以单独烤黄研末，空腹用温酒送服一方寸匕。
李时珍说：《千金方》治疗尸疰，有用鹳骨制成的丸药。
脚骨及嘴
【主治】喉痹、飞尸，蛇蝎咬伤，以及小儿惊癖，大腹痞满，都煮汁服用。
卵
【主治】预先解除痘毒，水煮一枚，给小儿吃，能让痘疹不发，或者即使发出也很稀疏（出自某书）。
屎
【主治】小儿天钓惊风，发作停止不定。炒研半钱，加入牛黄、麝香各半钱，炒全蝎五枚，研为细末。每次服用半钱，用刚打来的冷水送服（李时珍）。
(Recorded in the Lower Category of *Bencao Jingjiu Jiazhu* / *Compendium of Materia Medica*)
**[Names]** Zaojun (from Lu Ji's *Mao Shi Caomu Niao Shou Chongyu Shu*), FuFu.
Li Shizhen states: The character for "guan" (stork) is pictographic in seal script. Its back and tail are black, hence Lu Ji referred to it as "Zaojun" and other names in his commentary on the *Classic of Poetry*.
**[Collected Explanations]** Tao Hongjing says: There are two types of storks: those resembling swans that nest in trees are white storks (*Bai Guan*), while those with black plumage and curved necks are dark storks (*Wu Guan*). Currently, the white variety should be used.
Su Song says: The stork's body resembles a crane, but lacks the red crown and the black band around the neck. It is not adept at crying out, instead making sounds by clattering its bill. It often builds nests on the ridges of pavilions and halls. I have observed them morning and evening and found no record of them raising fish in ponds.
Li Shizhen says: The stork resembles a crane but has no red crown; it has a long neck, a red bill, grayish-white plumage, and black wings and tail. It mostly nests in tall trees. When flying, it soars into the high skies, circling like an array, and cries to the sky, which invariably predicts rain. Regarding incubation, they cover the eggs with their shadows, or some say they use noise to hatch them. The *Qin Jing* (Classic of Birds) states: "A stork gives birth to three chicks, one of whom becomes a crane." When Xun (Wind trigram) reaches its extreme, it transforms into Zhen (Thunder trigram), representing the transformation of extreme Yin into Yang. Zhen represents the crane, and Xun represents the stork.
**[Corrections]** Chen Cangqi says: If people probe nests to take stork chicks, drought will occur within sixty li. The storks can fly in flocks to disperse rain. Their nests contain mud-made pools filled with water, where they raise fish and snakes to feed the young. To keep the eggs warm during incubation, they gather stones around the nest to assist with warmth.
Li Shizhen says: The vastness of heaven and earth involves the ascent and descent of Yin and Qi, naturally generating clouds and abundant rain. How could such a tiny bird cause the land to become parched due to personal resentment? Moreover, the stork is a water bird capable of forecasting rain. The claims about building pools and gathering stones originate from Lu Ji's *Commentary on the Classic of Poetry* and Zhang Hua's *Bowuzhi*, which can be considered unreliable texts.
**[Flavor and Properties]** Sweet, very cold, non-toxic. Chen Cangqi says: Slightly toxic. Bathing the head in decoction made from it causes all hair to fall out and prevents regrowth. It also kills trees.
**[Indications]** Ghostly infections, gu-poison, and various zhu-infections (chronic infectious diseases); five-shi heart and abdominal pain (*Bencao Jingjiu Jiazhu*).
Zhen Quan says: It can also be roasted until yellow, ground into powder, and taken on an empty stomach with warm wine, one cun cube dose.
Li Shizhen says: *Qianjin Fang* treats shi-zhu (corpse-transmission disease) using Stork Bone Pills.
**Leg Bones and Bill**
**[Indications]** Throat obstruction (Hou Bi), feishi (flying corpse disease), snake and scorpion bites, pediatric jingpi (convulsive disorders), and abdominal distension/fullness. Decoction is administered.
**Egg**
**[Indications]** Preventively resolves variola toxin. Boil one egg in water and administer to children to prevent smallpox eruption, or to ensure any eruption is sparse.
**Feces**
**[Indications]** Pediatric tian-diao (tetanus-like convulsions) and wind-stroke with irregular onset and remission. Roast and grind half qian, add equal parts (half qian each) of Calculus Bovis (Niuhuang) and Moschus (Shexiang), and five roasted Scorpio (Quanxie). Grind into fine powder. Take half qian per dose, washed down with fresh cool water (Li Shizhen).