（宋《图经》）
【释名】时珍曰∶象形。
【集解】时珍曰∶李迅云∶麦饭石处处山溪中有之。其石大小不等，或如拳，或如鹅卵，
或如盏，或如饼，大略状如握聚一团麦饭，有粒点如豆如米，其色黄白，但于溪间麻石中寻
有此状者即是。古方云∶曾作磨者佳，误矣。此石不可作磨。若无此石，但以旧面磨近齿处
石代之，取其有麦性故耳。
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】一切痈疽发背（时珍）。
【发明】颂曰∶大凡石类多主痈疽。世传麦饭石膏，治发背疮甚效，乃中岳山人吕子华
秘方。裴员外啖之以名第，河南尹胁之以重刑，吕宁绝荣望，守死不传其方。取此石碎如棋
子（炭火烧赤，投米醋中浸之，如此十次，研末筛细，入乳钵内，用数人更碾五、七日，要
细腻如面）四两，鹿角一具（要生取连脑骨者，其自脱者不堪用，每二、三寸截之，炭火烧
令烟尽即止，为末研细）二两，白蔹（生研末）二两。用三年米醋入银石器内，煎令鱼目沸，
旋
旋入药在内，竹杖子不住搅，熬一、二时久，稀稠得所，倾在盆内，待冷以纸盖收，勿令
尘入。用时，以鹅翎拂膏，于肿上四围赤处尽涂之，中留钱大泄气。如未有脓即内消，已作
头即撮小，已溃即排脓如湍水。若病久肌肉烂落，见出筋骨者，即涂细布上贴之，干即易，
逐日疮口收敛。但中隔不穴者，即无不瘥。已溃者，用时先以猪蹄汤洗去脓血，故帛挹干，
乃用药。其疮切忌手触动，嫩肉仍不可以口气吹风，及腋气、月经、有孕人见之，合药亦忌
此等。
初时一日一洗一换，十日后二日一换。此药要极细，方有效；若不细，涂之即极痛也。
此方孙真《千金月令》已有之，但不及此详悉耳。又北齐马嗣明治杨遵彦背疮，取粗黄石如
鹅卵大者，猛火烧赤，纳浓醋中，当有屑落醋中，再烧再淬，石至尽，取屑日干捣筛极细末，
和醋涂之，立愈。刘禹锡《传信方》谓之炼石法，用敷疮肿无不验。
（引自宋代《图经本草》）
【释名】李时珍说：名称来源于其形状像麦饭，属于象形命名。
【集解】李时珍说：李迅指出：麦饭石在山间的溪流中到处都有。这种石头大小不一，有的像拳头，有的像鹅蛋，有的像浅碗，有的像饼状，大体形状就像握聚成一团麦饭，上面有颗粒点点，如同豆子或米粒，颜色呈黄白色。只要在溪涧中的麻石里寻找具有这种形状的石头即可。古代医方中说：曾经用来做磨盘的石块比较好，这是错误的。这种石头不能用来做磨盘。如果没有这种石头，可以用旧面磨上靠近牙齿接触处的石头来代替，是因为取它含有麦性的缘故。
【气味】味甘，性温，无毒。
【发明】苏颂说：大凡石类药物大多主治痈疽。世间流传的麦饭石膏，治疗发背疮非常有效，这是中岳山人吕子华的秘方。裴员外用功名地位诱惑他，河南尹用严刑威胁他，吕子华断绝了荣华富贵的念头，坚守秘密至死也不传授这个方子。
制作方法是：取此石敲碎如棋子大小（用炭火烧红，投入米醋中浸泡，如此反复十次，然后研磨成末并筛细，放入乳钵内，由数人轮流碾捣五到七天，要求细腻如面粉一样）四两；鹿角一副（必须新鲜取下且带有脑骨的，自然脱落的不能使用，每二、三寸截断，用炭火烧至烟尽为止，研磨成细末）二两；白蔹（生品研磨成末）二两。使用三年的米醋，放入银器或石器中，煎煮至出现鱼眼般的小气泡沸腾，随即慢慢将药粉加入其中，用竹杖不停地搅拌，熬制约一至两个小时，直到浓稠度适宜，倒入盆中，待冷却后用纸覆盖保存，防止灰尘进入。使用时，用鹅毛蘸取药膏，涂抹在肿胀四周发红处，中间留出铜钱大小的孔洞以泄气。如果尚未化脓，可使之内消；如果已经形成脓头，可使脓头变小；如果已经溃破，可排出脓液如急流之水。如果病程长久导致肌肉腐烂脱落，露出筋骨，就将药膏涂在细布上贴敷，干了就更换，每天促使疮口收敛。只要中间不堵塞透气，就没有治不好的。对于已经溃破的疮，使用时先用猪蹄汤清洗去除脓血，再用旧布擦干，然后用药。这种疮切忌用手触碰，嫩肉也不可以用口气吹气，以及腋臭、月经期妇女、孕妇看到，配制药物时也忌讳这些情况。
初期一天清洗并更换一次药膏，十天后两天更换一次。此药要求极其细腻，才有效；如果不细腻，涂抹时会非常疼痛。
此方在孙思邈的《千金月令》中已有记载，但不如这里详细。另外，北齐的马嗣明治疗杨遵彦的背疮，取粗黄石如鹅卵大小，猛火烧红，纳入浓醋中，会有碎屑落入醋中，再烧再淬，直到石头完全消耗完，取碎屑晒干后捣筛成极细的粉末，调和醋涂抹，立刻痊愈。刘禹锡在《传信方》中称之为“炼石法”，用于敷治疮肿无不灵验。
(Sourced from the Song Dynasty *Tujing Bencao*)
[Names] Li Shizhen stated: The name is derived from its shape resembling wheat rice, belonging to an ideogrammatic naming convention.
[Collection and Explanation] Li Shizhen stated: Li Xun pointed out: *Maifan Shi* (Wheat-Rice Stone) can be found everywhere in mountain streams. These stones vary in size; some are like fists, some like goose eggs, some like shallow bowls, and some like cakes. Generally, their shape resembles a clump of wheat rice gathered together, with granular spots like beans or millet grains, and their color is yellowish-white. One simply needs to search among the granite stones in stream beds for those with this specific appearance. Ancient prescriptions claimed that stones previously used as millstones were superior, which was incorrect. This stone cannot be used as a millstone. If this stone is unavailable, one may substitute it with stones from old grain mills near the teeth-contact area, taking advantage of its inherent "wheat nature."
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet flavor, warm temperature, non-toxic.
[Indications] All types of carbuncles and furuncles, specifically back abscesses (*Fabei*, 发背疮) (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Su Song stated: Generally, most stone-based medicines treat carbuncles and furuncles. The *Maifan Shi Gao* (Wheat-Rice Stone Plaster) circulated in the world is highly effective for treating back abscesses; it was a secret prescription of Lü Zihua, a hermit from Mount Zhong. Pei Yuanwai tempted him with official rank and title, while the Prefect of Henan threatened him with severe punishment. Lü Zihua renounced all hopes of glory and wealth, guarding the secret until death without transmitting it.
The preparation method is as follows: Crush this stone into pieces the size of chessmen (fire red-hot with charcoal, quench in rice vinegar, repeat this process ten times, then grind into powder and sift finely. Place in a mortar and pestle, where several people take turns grinding for five to seven days, requiring it to be as fine as flour) four liang; Deer horn, one set (must be freshly taken including the cranial bone; naturally shed horns are unusable. Cut into segments two to three cun long, fire red-hot with charcoal until smoke ceases, then grind into fine powder) two liang; *Bailian* (Radix Ampelopsis, 白蔹) (raw, ground into powder) two liang. Use three-year-old rice vinegar, place in a silver or ceramic vessel, boil until bubbles resemble fish eyes. Gradually add the medicinal powder while stirring continuously with a bamboo stick. Simmer for one to two hours until the consistency is appropriate. Pour into a basin, allow to cool, cover with paper to prevent dust entry. When applying, use a goose feather to brush the plaster onto the reddened areas surrounding the swelling, leaving a coin-sized hole in the center to vent qi. If pus has not yet formed, it will resolve internally; if a head has formed, it will shrink; if already ulcerated, it will drain pus like a rapid stream. If the disease has persisted for a long time causing muscle rot and exposure of bones/tendons, apply the plaster on fine cloth as a patch. Change when dry; daily application promotes wound contraction. As long as the center remains unblocked for ventilation, no case will fail to heal. For already ulcerated wounds, first wash away pus and blood with pig trotter decoction, then dry with old cloth before applying medication. Such wounds must strictly avoid manual touch; tender flesh should not be blown upon by mouth breath, nor viewed by individuals with axillary odor, menstruating women, or pregnant women. These conditions are also taboo during the compounding of the medicine.
Initially, wash and change the dressing once daily; after ten days, change every two days. This medicine must be extremely fine to be effective; if not fine enough, application causes intense pain.
This prescription was already recorded in Sun Simiao's *Qianjin Yueling* (Monthly Directions from the Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold), though not as detailed as here. Additionally, Ma Siming of the Northern Qi dynasty treated Yang Zunyan's back abscess by taking coarse yellow stone the size of a goose egg, heating it red-hot in a fierce fire, and quenching it in thick vinegar. Crumbs would fall into the vinegar. Repeat heating and quenching until the stone is completely consumed. Take the crumbs, dry them in the sun, pound and sift into an extremely fine powder, mix with vinegar, and apply. Healing occurs immediately. Liu Yuxi referred to this in his *Chuanxin Fang* (Prescriptions Transmitted with Confidence) as the "Refined Stone Method," used for applying to sores and swellings with universal efficacy.