(《纲目》)
【集解】时珍曰∶黄藤生岭南,状若防己。俚人常服此藤,纵饮食有毒,亦自然不发。
席辩刺史云∶甚有效。
【气味】甘、苦,平,无毒。
【主治】饮食中毒,利小便,煮汁频服即解(时珍)。
(《本经》上品)
【释名】白葛(《本经》)。
【集解】《别录》曰∶生交州山谷。
弘景曰∶此药解毒,莫之与敌,而人不复用,不闻识者。
恭曰∶荆襄山谷大有之。蔓生,山南人谓之白葛。苗似萝 ,叶圆浓,茎有白毛,与众
草异,用藿疗毒有效。而交广又有白花藤,亦解毒,用根不用苗。
保升曰∶蔓生,叶圆若 。今襄州北、汝州南冈上有。五月、六月采苗,日干。
【气味】苦,平,无毒。
【主治】蛇虺蜂虿 狗、菜
除之。又去血,可末着痛上,立
捣末,敷诸毒,妙(李 )。
(《唐本草》)
【集解】恭曰∶生岭南、交州、广州平泽。苗似野葛。叶似女贞,茎叶俱无毛而白花。
其根似葛而骨柔,皮浓肉白,大疗毒,用根不用苗。
保升曰∶蔓生白花,叶有细毛,根似牡丹,骨柔皮白而浓,凌冬不凋。
曰∶凡使勿用菜花藤,真相似,只是味酸涩。白花藤味甘香,采得去根细锉,阴干用。
【气味】苦,寒,无毒。
【主治】解诸药、菜、肉中毒。渍酒,主虚劳风热(《唐本》)。
【发明】时珍曰∶苏言用根,雷言用苗,都可用尔。按∶葛洪《肘后
云∶席辨刺史在岭南日久,言俚人皆因饮食入毒,多不即觉,渐不能食,或心中渐胀,
先寒
似瘴。急含白银,一宿变色者即是也。银青是蓝药,银黄赤是KT 药。KT ,音混
也。但取白花藤四两,出 州者为上,不得取近野葛生者,洗切,同干蓝实四两,水七升,
煮取半,空腹顿服。少闷勿怪,其毒即解。
(《本草纲目》)
【集解】李时珍说:黄藤生长在岭南地区,形状类似防己。当地人经常服用这种藤,即使饮食中摄入了毒素,也不会发作。
席辩刺史说:效果非常好。
【气味】味甘、苦,性平,无毒。
【主治】饮食中毒,通利小便,煮汁频繁服用即可解毒(李时珍)。
(《神农本草经》上品)
【释名】白葛(出自《本经》)。
【集解】《名医别录》说:生长在交州的山谷中。
陶弘景说:此药解毒功效无人能敌,但人们不再使用,也不听闻有识之士了解它。
苏恭说:荆襄山谷中大量生长。蔓生,山南人称之为白葛。苗像萝藦,叶圆而浓密,茎上有白色绒毛,与其他杂草不同,用其藿(此处指代该植物的特定部位或误植,结合上下文应指植株整体或根茎部分用于疗毒)治疗毒症有效。而在交州、广州又有白花藤,也能解毒,但用根而不用苗。
郑保升说:蔓生,叶圆如萝藦。现在在襄州北边、汝州南边的山冈上有。五月、六月采集苗,晒干。
【气味】味苦,性平,无毒。
【主治】蛇、蝮蛇、蜂、蝎、狗咬伤及菜毒,将其除去。又能去瘀血,可研末敷于痛处,立即见效;捣碎成末,敷治各种毒症,妙极(李珣)。
(《唐本草》)
【集解】苏恭说:生长在岭南、交州、广州的平原沼泽地带。苗像野葛。叶像女贞,茎和叶都没有毛且开白花。
其根像葛但质地柔韧,皮厚肉白,能大治毒症,用根而不用苗。
郑保升说:蔓生白花,叶有细毛,根像牡丹,骨柔皮白而厚,过冬不凋谢。
陈藏器说:凡使用勿用菜花藤,真的一样相似,只是味道酸涩。白花藤味甘香,采得后去掉根细细切碎,阴干使用。
【气味】味苦,性寒,无毒。
【主治】解除各种药物、蔬菜、肉类中毒。浸泡酒中,主治虚劳风热(《唐本草》)。
【发明】李时珍说:苏恭说用根,雷斅说用苗,都可以使用。按:葛洪《肘后备急方》中说:席辨刺史在岭南日久,说俚人常常因为饮食摄入毒素,大多不会立刻察觉,逐渐不能进食,或者心中逐渐胀满,先感到寒冷,症状类似瘴气。紧急时含服白银,过一夜变色的就是中了毒。银青色的是蓝药(指含有靛蓝类成分的毒物),银黄色赤色的是混药(音混,指混合毒物)。只需取白花藤四两,以出产地为上的标准,不得选取靠近野葛生长的,洗净切碎,同干蓝实四两,用水七升,煮取半量,空腹一次性服用。稍感闷不适不要奇怪,其毒即解。
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen stated: Huangteng (Strongylodon macrobotrys) grows in the Lingnan region, resembling Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix). Locals frequently consume this vine; even if toxic substances are ingested through diet, they do not manifest symptoms.
Cishi Xi Bian remarked: It is highly effective.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet and bitter, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Indications] Food poisoning, promotes urination; decocted juice taken frequently resolves toxicity (Li Shizhen).
(Naturalis Materia of Shen Nong, Upper Grade)
[Names] Baige (White Kudzuvine) (from Ben Jing).
[Collected Explanations] Bie Lu states: Grows in the valleys of Jiaozhou.
Hongjing stated: This herb's detoxifying power is unmatched, yet people rarely use it, and few knowledgeable individuals are aware of it.
Gong stated: It is abundant in the valleys of Jingxiang. It climbs as a vine; people in southern Shan call it Baige. The seedling resembles Luomuo (Metaplexis japonica), leaves are round and thick, stems have white hairs, differing from common weeds. Using Huo to treat toxins is effective. Furthermore, in Jiaozhou and Guangzhou, there exists Baihuateng (Bauhinia variegata or similar species), which also detoxifies, but its root is used rather than the seedling.
Baosheng stated: It climbs as a vine, leaves are round like Luomuo. Currently found on hills north of Xiangzhou and south of Ruzhou. Seedlings are harvested in May and June and sun-dried.
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Indications] Removes snake, viper, bee, scorpion, dog bites, and vegetable poisons. Also removes blood stasis; can be powdered and applied to painful areas for immediate relief; crushed into powder and applied to various toxins is excellent (Li Xun).
(Tang Materia Medica)
[Collected Explanations] Gong stated: Grows in the plains and marshes of Lingnan, Jiaozhou, and Guangzhou. The seedling resembles Yege (Puerariae Lobatae Radix). Leaves resemble Ligustrum lucidum, stems and leaves are hairless and bear white flowers.
The root resembles Kudzu but is flexible, with thick skin and white flesh; it effectively treats severe toxins, using the root rather than the seedling.
Baosheng stated: It bears white flowers while climbing, leaves have fine hairs, roots resemble Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa), bones are soft, skin is white and thick, remaining evergreen through winter.
Yue stated: When using, do not use Caihuateng; it looks very similar but tastes sour and astringent. Baihuateng has a sweet and fragrant taste. After harvesting, remove roots, finely chop, and dry in shade for use.
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, cold in nature, non-toxic.
[Indications] Resolves poisoning from various medicines, vegetables, and meats. Soaked in wine, it treats deficiency-related consumption and wind-heat (Tang Ben).
[Enlightenment] Li Shizhen stated: Su Gong mentioned using the root, Lei Xiao mentioned using the seedling; both are usable. According to Ge Hong's Emergency Handbook: Cishi Xi Bian, having lived long in Lingnan, said that locals often ingest toxins through food, usually without immediate awareness. Gradually, appetite diminishes, or abdominal distension occurs, preceded by chills, resembling miasma (Zhang). In emergencies, holding silver in the mouth; if it changes color overnight, poisoning is confirmed. Silver turning blue indicates Lan Yao (indigo-containing poison); silver turning yellow-red indicates Hun Yao (mixed poison). Simply take four liang of Baihuateng, preferably sourced from Chu Prefecture, avoiding those growing near wild kudzu. Wash, chop, and combine with four liang of dried Lanshi (Indigofera tinctoria fruit/seed). Add seven sheng of water, boil until half remains. Take on an empty stomach in one dose. Mild discomfort is normal; the toxin will be resolved.