（《别录》下品）
【释名】 （音 ）、山陵
时珍曰∶鼠尾以穗形命名。《尔雅》云∶ ，鼠尾也。可以染皂，故名乌草，又曰水青。
苏颂《图经》谓鼠尾一名陵时者，乃陵翘之误也。
【集解】《别录》曰∶鼠尾生平泽中，四月采叶，七月采花，阴干。
弘景曰∶田野甚多，人采作滋染皂。
保升曰∶所在下湿地有之，惟黔中人采为药。叶如蒿，茎端夏生四五穗，穗若车前，花
有赤、白二种。
藏器曰∶紫花，茎叶俱可染皂用。
花、叶
【气味】苦，微寒，无毒。藏器曰∶平。
【主治】鼠 寒热，下痢脓血不止。白花者主白下；赤花者主赤下
水蛊（时珍）。
【发明】弘景曰∶古方疗痢多用之。当浓煮令可丸服之，或煎如饴服。今人亦用作饮，
或末服亦得，日三服。
【附方】旧一，新二。
大腹水蛊∶方见马鞭草下。久痢休息，
时止时作∶鼠尾草花捣末。饮服一钱。（《圣惠方》）
下血连年∶鼠尾草、地榆各二两。水二升，煮一升，顿服。二十年者，不过再服。亦可
为末，饮服之。（《千金方》）
反花恶疮，内生恶肉，如饭粒，破之血出，随生反出于外。鼠尾草根切，同猪脂捣敷。
（《圣济总录》）
（宋《开宝》）
【校正】并入《拾遗》郎耶草。
【释名】郎耶草。
时珍曰∶此即陈藏器《本草》郎耶草也。闽人呼爷为郎罢，则野狼把当作郎罢乃通。又方
士言此草即鼠尾草，功用亦近之，但无的据耳。
【集解】藏器曰∶野狼把草生山道旁，与秋穗子并可染皂。又曰∶郎耶草生山泽间，高三、
四尺，叶似雁齿，如鬼针苗。鬼针，即鬼钗也。其叶有丫，如钗脚状。
禹锡曰∶野狼把草出近世，古方未见用者，惟陈藏器言之而不详。太宗皇帝御书记其主疗
血痢，甚为精至。谨用书于《本草图经》外类篇首。
【气味】苦，平，无毒。
【主治】黑人发，令人不老。又云∶郎耶草∶主赤白久痢，小儿大腹痞满，丹毒寒
热。取根茎煮汁服（藏器）。野狼把草∶主丈夫血痢，不疗妇人。根∶治积年疳痢。取草二斤，
捣绞取汁一小升，纳白面半鸡子许，和匀，空腹顿服。极重者，不过三服。或收苗阴干，捣
末，蜜水半盏，服一方寸匕（《图经》）。可染须发，治积年癣，天阴即痒，搔出黄水者，捣
末掺之（时珍）。
（收录于《名医别录》下品）
【释名】（音同“鼠”）、山陵。
李时珍说：鼠尾草因花穗形状像老鼠尾巴而得名。《尔雅》记载：“，就是鼠尾。”它可以用来染黑色，所以名叫乌草，又叫水青。
苏颂在《图经》中说鼠尾草有一个名字叫陵时，这是将“陵翘”误写成了“陵时”。
【集解】《名医别录》记载：鼠尾草生长在平原沼泽地带，四月采集叶子，七月采集花朵，阴干备用。
陶弘景说：田野中非常多见，人们采摘它来作为染料染黑。
苗保升说：各地低湿的地方都有生长，只有贵州一带的人把它当作药材使用。叶子像艾蒿，茎端夏天长出四五条花穗，花穗形状像车前草的花穗，花朵有红色和白色两种。
陈藏器说：紫花的，茎和叶都可以用来染黑。
花、叶
【气味】味苦，性微寒，无毒。陈藏器说：性平。
【主治】治疗鼠尾草引起的寒热病，以及下痢脓血不止。白花品种主治白痢；红花品种主治赤痢。治疗水蛊（腹水胀大）（李时珍）。
【发明】陶弘景说：古方治疗痢疾多用此药。应当浓煮至可以制成丸剂服用，或者煎煮成糖浆状服用。现在的人也把它当作茶饮，或者研末服用也可以，每天服用三次。
【附方】旧方一个，新方两个。
大腹水蛊：方法见马鞭草条目下。
久痢休息，时好时坏：取鼠尾草花捣成粉末。用温水送服一钱。（出自《太平圣惠方》）
下血持续多年：取鼠尾草、地榆各二两。加水二升，煮取一升，一次性服下。病程二十年的，不超过两次服药即可痊愈。也可以研成粉末，用水送服。（出自《千金方》）
反花恶疮，内部生长恶肉，像饭粒一样，弄破后出血，随即向外翻出。取鼠尾草根切片，同猪脂肪一起捣烂敷贴。（出自《济生方》/《圣济总录》）
（收录于宋代《开宝本草》）
【校正】并入《拾遗》中的郎耶草。
【释名】郎耶草。
李时珍说：这就是陈藏器《本草》中记载的郎耶草。福建人把“爷”称为“郎罢”，那么“野狼把”当作“郎罢”是通顺的。又有方士说这种草就是鼠尾草，功效也相近，但没有确凿的证据罢了。
【集解】陈藏器说：野狼把草生长在山路旁边，与秋穗子都可以用来染黑。又说：郎耶草生长在山水之间，高三四尺，叶子像雁齿，像鬼针草的幼苗。鬼针，就是鬼钗。它的叶子分叉，像发钗脚的形状。
禹锡说：野狼把草是近代才出现的，古方中没有见到使用的，只有陈藏器提到过但不详细。太宗皇帝御书记载它能主治血痢，非常精当确切。谨将其记录在《本草图经》的外类篇首。
【气味】味苦，性平，无毒。
【主治】使黑人头发变黑，让人不老。又说：郎耶草主治赤白久痢，小儿大腹痞满，丹毒寒热。取根茎煮汁服用（陈藏器）。野狼把草主治男子血痢，不治疗妇人。根部：治疗多年的疳痢。取草二斤，捣碎绞取汁液一小升，加入半鸡蛋大小的白面，混合均匀，空腹一次性服下。病情极重的，不超过三次服药。或者收集苗叶阴干，研成粉末，用蜂蜜水半盏，服用一方寸匕（出自《图经》）。可以用来染须发，治疗多年的癣，阴天就痒，抓挠流出黄水的，研末撒敷（李时珍）。
(Recorded in the Lower Grade of *Bie Lu* [Separate Record of Famous Physicians])
[Names] (Pronounced "Shu"), Shanling.
Li Shizhen stated: *Shuwei* (Salvia miltiorrhiza / Sage) is named for its spike-like inflorescence resembling a rat's tail. *Erya* states: "is the rat's tail." It can be used to dye black, hence it is called Wucao (Black Grass), also known as Shuiqing (Water Green).
Su Song in *Tujing* [Illustrated Classic] stated that one name for Shuwei is Lingshi, which is a miswriting of Lingqiao.
[Collection and Explanation] *Bie Lu* states: Shuwei grows in plains and marshes. Leaves are harvested in April, flowers in July, and dried in the shade.
Tao Hongjing stated: It is abundant in fields; people harvest it to use as a dye for blackening.
Miao Baosheng stated: It grows in low, damp areas everywhere, but only people in Qian (Guizhou region) use it as medicine. The leaves resemble Artemisia absinthium (Ai Hao); at the stem tips, four or five spikes grow in summer, resembling the spikes of Plantago asiatica (Cheqiancao). There are two varieties of flowers: red and white.
Chen Cangqi stated: For the purple-flowered variety, both stems and leaves can be used for blackening.
Flowers and Leaves
[Properties and Flavors] Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. Chen Cangqi stated: Neutral.
[Indications] Treats chills and fever caused by Shuwei, and persistent dysentery with pus and blood. The white-flowered variety treats white dysentery; the red-flowered variety treats bloody dysentery. Treats Shuigu [Hydrops/Ascites] (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Tao Hongjing stated: Ancient formulas often used this herb to treat dysentery. It should be boiled strongly until it can be formed into pills, or decocted into a syrup-like consistency for consumption. Nowadays, people also use it as a tea, or take it as powder; three doses per day are appropriate.
[Attached Formulas] One old formula, two new formulas.
Dafu Shuigu [Abdominal Hydrops]: See under the entry for Biancao (Verbena officinalis).
Persistent intermittent dysentery: Crush the flowers of Shuweicao (Salvia miltiorrhiza) into powder. Take one qian with water. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Hematochezia persisting for years: Take 2 liang of Shuweicao (Salvia miltiorrhiza) and Diyuyu (Sanguisorba officinalis). Add 2 sheng of water, boil down to 1 sheng, and take in one dose. For cases lasting twenty years, no more than two doses are needed. Alternatively, make into powder and take with water. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Fanhuo Echuang [Reverse-flow Malignant Ulcer]: Internal growth of malignant flesh resembling rice grains; upon rupture, blood flows out and tissue everts outward. Slice the roots of Shuweicao, pound together with lard, and apply externally. (*Shengji Zonglu*)
(Recorded in the Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*)
[Correction] Merged with Langyecao from *Shiyi* [Supplementary Records].
[Names] Langyecao.
Li Shizhen stated: This is the Langyecao recorded in Chen Cangqi's *Bencao*. In Fujian, "Ye" is colloquially called "Langba"; thus, "Yelangba" corresponds to "Langba," which makes sense. Some alchemists claim this herb is identical to Shuweicao, and their functions are similar, but there is no definitive evidence.
[Collection and Explanation] Chen Cangqi stated: Yelangbacao grows beside mountain paths and, along with Qiuisui, can be used for blackening. He also stated: Langyecao grows between mountains and marshes, standing three to four chi tall. The leaves resemble the teeth of a goose or the seedlings of Guizhencao (Agrimonia pilosa / Xanthium strumarium depending on context, here likely referring to a spiky weed like Bidens). Guizhen is also called Guichai. Its leaves are lobed, resembling the feet of a hairpin.
Yu Xi stated: Yelangbacao appeared in recent times and was not used in ancient formulas; only Chen Cangqi mentioned it without detail. Emperor Taizong's Imperial Records noted its efficacy in treating bloody dysentery with great precision. I have carefully recorded it at the beginning of the external category chapter in *Bencao Tujing*.
[Properties and Flavors] Bitter, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Blackens human hair and promotes longevity. Additionally: Langyecao treats chronic red and white dysentery, pediatric abdominal distension and fullness, and carbuncles with chills and fever. Decoct the roots and stems for juice intake (Chen Cangqi). Yelangbacao treats male bloody dysentery, but is not effective for women. Roots: Treat chronic childhood malnutrition dysentery. Take 2 jin of the herb, crush and extract one xiao sheng of juice, add half an egg-sized amount of white flour, mix well, and take in one dose on an empty stomach. For severe cases, no more than three doses are needed. Alternatively, collect the aerial parts, dry in the shade, crush into powder, and take one fangcun bi with half a zhan of honey-water (*Tujing*). It can be used to dye beard and hair, and treat chronic tinea that itches on cloudy days and exudes yellow fluid when scratched; crush into powder and sprinkle externally (Li Shizhen).