（《纲目》）
【释名】 （
（音备戏。《杂俎》作系臂者非）。皮名龟筒。
时珍曰∶ ，鸣声如兹夷，故名。KT 者，南人呼龟皮之音也。 者，有力貌，
今碑趺象之。或云大
【集解】弘景曰∶ 生广州。
恭曰∶即秦龟也。
藏器曰∶ 生海边。甲有文，堪为物饰。非山龟也。
保升曰∶苏恭之说，非通论也。按∶郭璞《尔雅》注云∶ 出涪
甲文似玳瑁，能鸣。甲亦可卜，俗呼灵龟是矣。
颂曰∶ 别是一种山龟之大者，非秦龟也。《岭表录异》云∶
上，可负而行。乡人取壳，以生得全者为贵。初用木换出其肉。龟被
山谷。古人谓生龟脱筒，指此。工人以其甲通明黄色者，煮拍陷玳瑁为器，谓之龟筒。入药
亦以生脱为主。
《日华》曰∶ 即 也。皮可宝装饰物。
时珍曰∶ 诸说不一。按∶《山海经》云∶
似玳瑁而薄。应劭注《汉书》云∶
古典。质以众论，则 即 之大者，当以藏
玳瑁之属。非若山龟不能入水也。故功用专于
记》云∶ 似玳瑁，大如笠，
不任作器，惟堪贴饰。今人谓
广七、八寸，长二三尺。彼人以乱玳瑁。肉味如鼋可食。
《酉阳杂俎》云∶系臂状如龟，生南海。捕者必先祭后
肉
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】去风热，利肠胃（时珍）。
血
【气味】咸，平，微毒。
【主治】疗俚人毒箭伤（弘景）。中刀箭闷绝者，刺饮便安（《日华》。藏器曰∶南人用
铜及蛇汁毒，亦多养此用）。
龟筒
【释名】 皮。
【气味】甘、咸，平，无毒。
【主治】血疾，及中刀箭毒，煎汁饮（大明）。解药毒、蛊毒（时珍）。
【附录】 （音迷麻）、 （音朝）。时珍曰∶按∶《临海水土记》云∶ ，状似
，而甲薄，形大如龟，味极美，一枚有膏三斛。又有 ，亦如 ，腹
边沙中。
【释名】（音“备戏”。《杂俎》中写作“系臂”是不正确的）。其皮称为龟筒。
李时珍说：它的鸣叫声像“兹夷”，因此得名。“KT”是南方人称呼龟皮的发音。“有力貌”是指它有力的样子，现在的碑座形象就是模仿这种姿态。有人说大……
【集解】陶弘景说：海龟产于广州。
苏恭说：就是秦地所产的龟。
藏器说：海龟生长在海边。背甲上有花纹，可以用来装饰物品。不是山里的龟。
保升说：苏恭的说法，不是通论。按：郭璞在《尔雅》注中说：海龟出自涪……背甲纹理像玳瑁，能鸣叫。背甲也可以用于占卜，俗称灵龟就是这样。
苏颂说：海龟是另一种大山龟中的大型者，不是秦龟。《岭表录异》说：……背上可以背负而行。当地人取它的壳，以完整活体脱下的为珍贵。起初用木头替换出里面的肉。海龟被……山谷。古人所说的“生龟脱筒”，指的就是这个。工匠们用那些通透黄色的背甲，煮后拍打成玳瑁器皿，称为龟筒。入药也主要以活体自然脱落为主。
《日华子本草》说：海龟就是……的皮。可以用来珍宝般装饰物品。
李时珍说：各种说法不一。按：《山海经》说：……像玳瑁但较薄。应劭注《汉书》说：……古典。综合众人的观点，那么海龟就是……的大型者，应当归入……玳瑁一类。不像山龟那样不能入水。所以功效专门于……《记》说：海龟像玳瑁，大如斗笠，广七、八寸，长二三尺。人们把它当作乱真的玳瑁。肉质味道像鼋，可以吃。
《酉阳杂俎》说：系臂形状像龟，生于南海。捕猎的人必须先祭祀后……肉
【气味】甘味，平性，无毒。
【主治】去除风热，通利肠胃（李时珍）。
【气味】咸味，平性，微毒。
【主治】治疗南方少数民族的毒箭伤（陶弘景）。被刀箭射中导致昏厥闷绝的，刺破饮用其血即可安宁（《日华子本草》）。藏器说：南方人使用铜及蛇汁等毒素，也多饲养此物来应对）。
龟筒
【释名】海龟皮。
【气味】甘味、咸味，平性，无毒。
【主治】治疗血疾，以及被刀箭中毒，煎汁服用（孟诜）。解除药毒、蛊毒（李时珍）。
【附录】（音“迷麻”）、（音“朝”）。李时珍说：按：《临海水土记》说：……形状像……，但背甲较薄，形体大如龟，味道极美，一枚有膏三斛。又有……，也像……，腹……边沙中。
[Names] (Pronounced "bei xi". The writing "xi bi" in *Zazu* is incorrect). Its skin is called "Gui Tong" (Turtle Shell Tube/Plate).
Li Shizhen states: It is named so because its cry resembles that of the "zi yi" (a type of bird/insect). "KT" is the phonetic rendering used by southerners for turtle skin. "You li mao" describes its powerful appearance, which is now imitated in the shape of stele pedestals. Some say large...
[Collected Explanations] Tao Hongjing says: Sea turtles are produced in Guangzhou.
Su Gong says: They are the same as the turtles from Qin region.
Zang Qi says: Sea turtles inhabit coastal areas. Their shells have patterns and can be used for ornamentation. They are not mountain turtles.
Bao Sheng says: Su Gong's statement is not a comprehensive theory. According to Guo Pu's commentary on *Erya*: Sea turtles emerge from Fu... Their shell patterns resemble those of hawksbill sea turtle (*Dai Mao*), and they can vocalize. Their shells can also be used for divination; this is what is commonly known as the "Spirit Turtle".
Su Song says: Sea turtles are a large variety of mountain turtles, distinct from Qin turtles. *Lingbiao Luyi* states: ...they can carry things on their backs. Locals harvest their shells, valuing those obtained from living turtles intact. Initially, wood is used to extract the meat. The turtle is subjected to... valleys. The ancient term "living turtle shedding its shell tube" refers to this process. Artisans use the translucent yellow shells, boiling and pounding them into vessels resembling hawksbill tortoise shell ware, termed "Gui Tong". For medicinal use, naturally shed shells from live turtles are preferred.
*Ri Hua Ben Cao* states: Sea turtle... is the skin. It can be treasured for decorating objects.
Li Shizhen says: Various accounts differ. According to *Shan Hai Jing*: ...resembles hawksbill but is thinner. Ying Shao's commentary on *Han Shu* states: ...classical texts. Synthesizing various views, the sea turtle is the larger form of..., belonging to the hawksbill category. Unlike mountain turtles, they can enter water. Thus, their efficacy is specific to... *Records* state: Sea turtles resemble hawksbill, size like a hat, seven to eight inches wide, two to three feet long. People pass them off as genuine hawksbill. The meat tastes like softshell turtle (*Yuan*) and is edible.
*Youyang Zazu* states: "Xi Bi" resembles a turtle, born in the South China Sea. Hunters must perform sacrifices before catching... meat.
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Dispels wind-heat, promotes intestinal and stomach function (Li Shizhen).
[Flavor and Nature] Salty, neutral, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Treats venomous arrow wounds inflicted by southern minorities (Tao Hongjing). For those fainting or suffocating due to knife or arrow wounds, puncturing and drinking the blood brings relief (*Ri Hua Ben Cao*). Zang Qi notes: Southerners use copper and snake venom toxins, often breeding these turtles for such purposes.
Gui Tong (Turtle Shell Plate)
[Names] Sea turtle skin.
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, salty, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Treats blood disorders and poisoning from knife or arrows; decocted and drunk (Meng Shen). Resolves drug toxicity and gu poison (Li Shizhen).
[Appendix] (Pronounced "mi ma"), (Pronounced "chao"). Li Shizhen states: According to *Linhai Shuitu Ji*: ...resembles..., but with a thinner shell, body size like a turtle, extremely delicious taste, one specimen yielding three hu of fat. There is also..., similar to..., in the sand near the abdomen.