味甘、苦，平，无毒。主治僵仆跻，瘀血，骨痛。根皮∶大寒，主治消渴。止心烦逆奔
气。实∶味苦，主除痼热，调中。
李类又多。京口有麦李，麦秀时熟，小而甜脆，核不入药。今此用姑熟所出南居李。解
核如杏子者，为佳。凡李实熟食之皆好，不可合雀肉食，又不可临水上啖之。李皮水煎含之，
治
味苦，寒。多食令人寒中，主治金创，乳妇尤不可食。
梨种复殊多，并皆冷利，世人以为快果，不入药用，食之损人。（《新修》二五九页，《大
观》卷二十三，《政和》四七六页）
味苦，寒。多食令人胪胀，病患尤甚。
柰江南乃有，而北国最丰，皆以作脯，不宜人。有林檎相似而小，亦恐非益人者。枇杷
叶
和》四七八页）
味酸、甘，损人，不可多食。其酸实壳∶主治下痢，止漏精。其东行根∶主治蛔虫、寸
白。石榴以花赤可爱，故人多植之，尤为外国所重。入药唯根、壳而已，其味有甜、酢，药
家
味甘，平、寒，无毒。主令人悦泽，好颜色，益气，不饥。久服轻身，耐老。主除烦满
不乐，久服寒中。可作面脂，令悦泽。一名水芝。一名白爪子。生嵩高平泽。冬瓜仁也，
八月采之。
微寒。主除小腹水胀，利小便，止渴。
被霜后合取，置经年，破取核，水洗，燥，乃擂取人用之。冬瓜性冷利，解毒。消渴，
止烦闷，直捣，绞汁服之。（《新修》二六二页，《大观》卷二十七，《政和》五○四页）
（李实）味甘、苦，性平，无毒。主治跌倒僵仆导致的瘀血，以及骨痛。根皮：大寒，主治消渴病。能止心烦逆气上冲。果实：味苦，主治清除久积之热，调和脾胃。
李的种类很多。京口有麦李，麦秀时节成熟，果实小而甜脆，核不入药。现在所用的是姑熟出产的南居李。解核如杏子大小的，为佳。凡是李子熟食皆好，不可与雀肉同食，也不可在临水处食用。李皮用水煎煮含漱，可治……
（梨）味苦，性寒。多食令人中焦受寒，主治金创（金属利器造成的创伤），乳母尤其不可食用。
梨的品种繁多，性质皆冷利，世人视为爽口水果，不入药用，食用会损伤人体。（《新修本草》二五九页，《大观本草》卷二十三，《政和本草》四七六页）
（柰）味苦，性寒。多食令人腹部胀满，病患尤为严重。
柰在江南才有，而北方最丰富，都制成干果脯，不宜常人食用。有一种像林檎但较小的，恐怕也无益于人。枇杷叶……和》四七八页）
（石榴）味酸、甘，损人，不可多食。其酸实的壳：主治下痢，止漏精。其向东生长的根：主治蛔虫、寸白虫（绦虫）。石榴因花朵赤红可爱，所以人们多种植它，尤其被外国所重视。入药只用根和壳而已，其味有甜、酸，药家……
（冬瓜）味甘，性平、寒，无毒。主要使人容颜悦泽，面色好，益气，不感到饥饿。长期服用可使身体轻健，耐老。主要消除烦闷不乐，长期服用会导致中焦受寒。可制作面脂，使容颜悦泽。又名水芝。又名白爪子。生于嵩高山和平原沼泽地带。冬瓜仁也是，八月采集。
（冬瓜仁）微寒。主要消除小腹胀满，通利小便，止渴。
经霜后采收，放置多年，破开取核，水洗，干燥，然后研磨取粉供人使用。冬瓜性冷利，能解毒。治消渴，止烦闷，直接捣碎，绞汁服用。（《新修本草》二六二页，《大观本草》卷二十七，《政和本草》五○四页）
(Li Fruit) Sweet and bitter in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It treats stiff collapse (falling down rigidly) caused by blood stasis and bone pain. Root bark: Great cold in nature, treats Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting syndrome). It stops mental restlessness and rebellious Qi rushing upward. The fruit: Bitter in taste, treats the elimination of entrenched heat and harmonizes the Middle Jiao (Spleen and Stomach).
There are many varieties of Li. In Jingkou, there is Mai Li (Wheat Plum), which ripens when wheat ears emerge; it is small, sweet, crisp, and its pit is not used in medicine. Currently, the Li from Gushu, specifically Nanju Li, is used. Those with pits resembling apricot pits are considered superior. All Li fruits are good when cooked, but they should not be eaten together with sparrow meat, nor should one eat them while near water. Boiled Li peel for mouth rinsing can treat...
(Li Pear) Bitter in taste, cold in nature. Excessive consumption causes Cold in the Middle Jiao. It treats Jin Chuang (metal weapon injuries); nursing mothers especially should not consume it.
There are numerous varieties of Li Pears, all possessing cold and purgative properties. People regard them as refreshing fruits, but they are not used in medicine, as eating them damages the human body. (Xinxiu Bencao page 259, Daguan Bencao Vol. 23, Zhenghe Bencao page 476)
(Nai - Apple-like fruit) Bitter in taste, cold in nature. Excessive consumption causes abdominal distension, which is particularly severe in patients.
Nai exists in Jiangnan, but is most abundant in the North, where it is mostly made into dried fruit preserves; it is not suitable for general consumption. There is a variety similar to Lin Qin (Chinese Quince) but smaller, which is likely also not beneficial to humans. Loquat leaves... He] page 478)
(Pomegranate) Sour and sweet in taste, damaging to the body, should not be consumed in excess. The husk of the sour fruit: Treats Li Ji (dysentery/diarrhea) and stops spermatorrhea/leakage of essence. The root growing towards the East: Treats Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworms) and Taenia solium (pork tapeworm/Cun Bai). Pomegranates are planted by many because their red flowers are lovely, and they are highly valued by foreign countries. Only the root and husk are used in medicine. Their tastes vary between sweet and sour; medicinal practitioners...
(Winter Melon) Sweet in taste, neutral and cold in nature, non-toxic. It makes the complexion lustrous and beautiful, benefits Qi, and prevents hunger. Long-term use lightens the body and promotes longevity. It primarily eliminates vexation, fullness, and unhappiness, but long-term use may cause Cold in the Middle Jiao. It can be made into facial cream to enhance luster. Also known as Shui Zhi (Water Lotus Seed) or Bai Zhua Zi (White Claw Seed). It grows on Mount Songgao and in flat marshlands. Winter melon seeds are also collected in August.
(Winter Melon Seeds) Slightly cold in nature. They primarily eliminate abdominal distension due to fluid accumulation, promote urination, and stop thirst.
They should be harvested after frost, stored for years, then cracked open to extract the kernels. Wash with water, dry, and grind into powder for use. Winter melon has cold and purgative properties and detoxifies. For Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting syndrome) and vexation, crush directly, squeeze out the juice, and take orally. (Xinxiu Bencao page 262, Daguan Bencao Vol. 27, Zhenghe Bencao page 504)