味酸，温，无毒。主益气，咳逆上气，劳伤羸瘦，补不足，强阴，益男子精。养五脏，
除热，生阴中肌。一名会及，一名玄及。生齐山山谷及代郡。八月采实，阴干。（苁蓉为之
使，恶葳蕤，胜乌头。）
今第一出高丽，多肉而酸、甜，次出青州、冀州，味过酸，其核并似猪肾。又有建平者，
少
》卷七，《政和》一八五页）
味咸、苦、甘，平、微寒，无毒。主治青盲，目淫肤，赤白膜，眼赤痛泪出。治唇口青。
久服益精光，轻身。生龙门川泽，石决明生豫章。十月十日采，阴干百日。（蓍实为之使，
恶大麻子。）
龙门乃在长安北。今处处有。叶如茳芒，子形似马蹄，呼为马蹄决明。用之当捣碎。又
别
味苦、酸，平、微寒，有小毒。主治邪气腹痛，除血痹，破坚积，寒热，疝瘕，止痛，
利小便，益气。通顺血脉，缓中，散恶血，逐贼血，去水气，利胜膀大小肠，消痈肿，时行
寒热，中恶，腹痛，腰痛。一名白术，一名余容，一名犁食，一名解仓，一名 。生中岳川
谷及丘陵。二月、八月采根，曝干。（须丸为之使，恶石斛、芒硝，畏硝石、鳖甲、小蓟，
反藜芦。）
今出白山、蒋山、茅山最好，白而长大，余处亦有而多赤，赤者小利。世方以止痛，乃
不
味辛、苦，微温，有小毒。主治胸胁痛如刀刺，腹满，肠鸣幽幽，惊恐悸气。利五脏肠
胃，补血气，除寒热风痹，温中消谷，治喉咽痛，下蛊毒。一名利如，一名房图，一名白药
，一名梗草，一名荠 。生嵩高山谷及冤句。二、八月采根，曝干。（节皮为之使。得牡蛎
、远志治恚怒，得硝石、石膏治伤寒。畏白芨、龙眼、龙胆。）
近道处处有，叶名隐忍。二、三月生，可煮食之。桔梗治蛊毒甚验。世方用此，乃名荠
今别有荠 ，能解药毒，所谓乱人参者便是，非此桔梗，而叶甚相似。但荠 叶下光明、
滑
味酸，性温，无毒。主要功效为益气，治疗咳逆上气（咳嗽气喘），劳伤导致的身体消瘦虚弱，补充不足，强壮阴精，增加男子精气。滋养五脏，清除内热，促进阴中肌肉生长。又名会及，又名玄及。产于齐山山谷及代郡。八月采集果实，阴干。（肉苁蓉为其引经药，畏葳蕤，能克制乌头毒性。）
现在第一种产自高丽，肉质肥厚且味道酸、甜；其次产自青州、冀州，味道过酸，其果核形状像猪肾。又有建平产的，较少见。
味咸、苦、甘，性平、微寒，无毒。主要治疗青盲（视力减退或失明），目淫肤（眼睑分泌物多或眼翳），赤白膜（眼结膜病变），眼睛红肿疼痛流泪。治疗嘴唇发青。长期服用可益精明目，使身体轻盈。产于龙门川泽，石决明产于豫章。十月十日采集，阴干百日。（蓍实为其引经药，畏大麻子。）
龙门位于长安以北。现在各地都有。叶子像茳芒，种子形状像马蹄，称为马蹄决明。使用时应当捣碎。另外还有一种……
味苦、酸，性平、微寒，有小毒。主要治疗邪气引起的腹痛，消除血痹，破除坚积（肿块），治疗寒热往来，疝气瘕聚，止痛，通利小便，益气。疏通血脉，缓和急迫，消散恶血，驱逐贼血，去除水气，通利膀胱及大小肠，消除痈肿，治疗时行寒热（流行性感冒样症状），中恶（突发昏厥或中毒），腹痛，腰痛。又名白术，又名余容，又名犁食，又名解仓，又名……产于中岳川谷及丘陵。二月、八月采集根部，晒干。（须丸为其引经药，畏石斛、芒硝，怕硝石、鳖甲、小蓟，反藜芦。）
现在出产于白山、蒋山、茅山的最好，颜色白且个头大，其他地方也有但多呈红色，红色的稍有利效。世俗方剂用它来止痛，竟然不……
味辛、苦，微温，有小毒。主要治疗胸胁痛如刀刺，腹部胀满，肠鸣幽幽，惊恐悸动之气。通利五脏肠胃，补血气，清除寒热风痹，温中消食，治疗喉咽痛，下蛊毒。又名利如，又名房图，又名白药，又名梗草，又名荠……。产于嵩高山谷及冤句。二、八月采集根部，晒干。（节皮为其引经药。配合牡蛎、远志可治恚怒，配合硝石、石膏可治伤寒。畏白芨、龙眼、龙胆。）
近道各地都有，叶子名为隐忍。二、三月生长，可以煮食。桔梗治疗蛊毒非常有效。世俗方剂使用这种，却名叫荠……现在另有荠……，能解药毒，所谓乱人参者便是，不是这种桔梗，但叶子非常相似。只是荠……叶子下面光亮、滑……
Sour in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily benefits Qi, treats coughing and rebellious Qi (cough with wheezing), emaciation and weakness due to labor injury, supplements deficiencies, strengthens Yin essence, and increases male Jing (essence). Nourishes the five Zang organs, clears heat, and promotes muscle growth in the Yin region. Also known as Huiji, also known as Xuanji. Grows in the valleys of Qi Mountain and Dai Commandery. Harvest the fruits in August and dry them in the shade. (Rou Cong Rong [Cistanche Herba] acts as its guiding herb; it is incompatible with Wei Rui [Asparagus Rhizome]; it can overcome the toxicity of Wu Tou [Aconite Root].)
Currently, the first quality comes from Goryeo, which has thick flesh and a sour, sweet taste. The next best comes from Qingzhou and Jizhou, which are overly sour, and their seeds resemble pig kidneys. There are also those from Jianping, which are less common.
Salty, bitter, and sweet in flavor, neutral and slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats Qingmang (blindness or severe visual impairment), eye discharge or pterygium, red and white membranes on the eyes, red and painful eyes with tearing. Treats blue lips. Long-term consumption benefits Jing and vision, making the body light. Grows in the marshes of Longmen; Shi Jue Ming (Abalone Shell) grows in Yuzhang. Harvest on the tenth day of the tenth lunar month and dry in the shade for one hundred days. (Shi Shi [Rhizoma Siegesbeckiae] acts as its guiding herb; it is incompatible with Da Ma Zi [Hemp Seed].)
Longmen is located north of Chang'an. It is now found everywhere. The leaves resemble Jiang Mang [Juncus effusus], and the seeds resemble horse hooves, hence called Mati Jueming (Horse-hoof Cassia Seed). When used, they should be crushed. Additionally, there is another...
Bitter and sour in flavor, neutral and slightly cold in nature, slightly toxic. Primarily treats abdominal pain caused by pathogenic factors, eliminates blood bi (blood stasis obstruction), breaks down hard accumulations (masses), treats alternating chills and fever, hernia and jia masses (abdominal lumps), relieves pain, promotes urination, benefits Qi. Unblocks and smooths the blood vessels, moderates urgency, disperses evil blood, drives out thief blood (stagnant blood), removes water qi (fluid retention), promotes urination via the bladder and large and small intestines, resolves carbuncles and swellings, treats epidemic chills and fevers, sudden collapse or poisoning (Zhong E), abdominal pain, and lower back pain. Also known as Baizhu, also known as Yurong, also known as Lishi, also known as Jiecang, also known as... Grows in the valleys and hills of the Central Peak (Mount Song). Harvest the roots in February and August and sun-dry them. (Xu Wan [Radix Glehniae] acts as its guiding herb; it is incompatible with Shi Hu [Dendrobium Stem] and Mang Xiao [Mirabilite]; it fears Xiao Shi [Niter], Bie Jia [Tartar Testudinis Carapax], and Xiao Ji [Herba Cirsii Japonici]; it is inversely compatible with Li Lu [Veratrum Root].)
Currently, the best quality comes from Baishan, Jiangshan, and Maoshan; they are white and large. Other places produce them but they are often red; red ones have slight therapeutic advantages. Secular formulas use it for pain relief, yet it does not...
Pungent and bitter in flavor, slightly warm in nature, slightly toxic. Primarily treats stabbing pain in the chest and hypochondrium, abdominal fullness, rumbling intestines, fright, palpitations, and rebellious Qi. Benefits the five Zang organs and stomach and intestines, tonifies blood and Qi, clears wind-bi caused by cold-heat, warms the middle and aids digestion, treats sore throat, and expels gu poison. Also known as Liru, also known as Fangtu, also known as Baiyao, also known as Gengcao, also known as Qi... Grows in the valleys of Mount Song and Yuanju. Harvest the roots in February and August and sun-dry them. (Jie Pi [Perispermum] acts as its guiding herb. Combined with Mu Li [Oyster Shell] and Yuan Zhi [Polygala Root], it treats anger; combined with Xiao Shi [Niter] and Shi Gao [Gypsum Fibrosum], it treats Shanghan [Cold Damage]. It fears Bai Ji [Bletilla Rhizome], Long Yan [Longan Aril], and Long Dan [Gentiana Root].)
It is found everywhere in nearby regions. The leaves are named Yinren. They sprout in February and March and can be boiled for food. Jie Geng (Platycodon Root) is very effective in treating gu poison. Secular formulas use this plant but name it Qi... Currently, there is another Qi..., which can detoxify medicines, referred to as "confusing ginseng," which is not this Jie Geng, although the leaves are very similar. However, the underside of the Qi... leaves is bright and smooth...