味辛、甘，微温，无毒。主治大风邪气，阴痿不起，强筋骨，安五脏，补中，增志，益
气。治头面游风，小腹及阴中相引痛，下气，补五劳，益精，利男子。生巴郡及下邳山谷。
二月、八月采根，阴干。（覆盆子为之使，恶朝生、雷丸、丹参。）
今亦用建平、宜都者，状如牡丹而细，外赤内黑，用之打去心。（《大观》卷六，《政和
》一六五页）
味辛、苦，平，有毒。主养肾气，内伤阴衰，利筋骨皮毛。治脚弱，五脏邪气，除热。
女子不可久服，令思男。实∶杀蛊毒，破积聚，逐风痹。一名鬼目。生华阴山谷。二月、四
月采叶，八月采实，阴干。（五加为之使。）
今庐江及东间皆有，叶状如枇杷叶，方用亦稀。（《新修》一五一页，《大观》卷十四，
《政和》三五一页）
味辛，温，无毒。主治风寒洗洗，霍乱，泄痢，肠鸣上下无常处，惊痫，寒热百疾。治
肺伤咳逆出汗，久寒在膀胱支满，饮酒夜食发病。一名白菀，一名织女菀，一名苑。生汉中
川谷或山阳，正月、二月采，阴干。（畏卤咸。）
比来医方都无复用之。市人亦少有，便是欲绝。别复有白菀似紫菀，非此之别名也。（《
大观》卷八，《政和》二三七页）
味苦、甘、酸，微寒，无毒。主治妇人乳 痛，七伤，带下十二病，止痛，除恶肉，止
汗，治金疮。止脓血，诸 恶疮，热疮，消酒，除消渴，补绝伤，产后内塞，可作金疮膏。
生桐柏及宛朐山谷。二月、八月采根，曝干。（得发良，恶麦门冬。）
今近道处处有，叶似榆而长，初生布地，而花子紫黑色如豉，故名玉豉。一茎长直上，
根亦入酿酒。道方烧作灰，能烂石也。乏茗时，用叶作饮，亦好。（《大观》卷九，《政和》）
二
【巴戟天】
味辛、甘，性微温，无毒。主治大风邪气（指严重的风邪致病），阳痿不起，强健筋骨，安定五脏，补益中焦，增强意志，益气。治疗头面部游风（游走不定的风邪），小腹及阴部牵引疼痛，降气，补五劳（五种虚劳），益精，对男子有益。生于巴郡和下邳的山谷中。二月、八月采集根部，阴干。（覆盆子为其引经药，畏朝生、雷丸、丹参。）
现在也使用建平、宜都产的，形状像牡丹但较细小，外皮红色内里黑色，使用时需敲碎去掉心材。（《大观本草》卷六，《政和证类本草》一六五页）
【地榆】
味辛、苦，性平，有毒。主养肾气，治疗内伤导致的阴气衰弱，利筋骨皮毛。治疗脚弱（下肢痿软无力），五脏邪气，除热。女子不可久服，否则会导致思慕男性之念。实（果实/种子）：能杀蛊毒，破除积聚，驱逐风痹。又名鬼目。生于华阴山谷。二月、四月采集叶子，八月采集果实，阴干。（五加皮为其引经药。）
现在庐江及东间都有，叶子形状像枇杷叶，临床使用也较少。（《新修本草》一五一页，《大观本草》卷十四，《政和证类本草》三五一页）
【白菀】
味辛，性温，无毒。主治风寒引起的洒淅恶寒，霍乱，泄痢，肠鸣且疼痛部位上下无常处，惊痫，寒热百病。治疗肺伤咳嗽气逆出汗，膀胱内有久寒导致胀满，饮酒或夜间进食后发病。又名白菀，又名织女菀，又名苑。生于汉中川谷或山南向阳处，正月、二月采集，阴干。（畏卤咸之物。）
近来医方中已不再使用此药。市场上也很少见，几乎要断绝了。另外还有一种白菀类似紫菀，不是本药的别名。（《大观本草》卷八，《政和证类本草》二三七页）
【玉豉（紫草科植物，此处指某种豆科或相关药用植物，原文描述特征似决明或类似物，但标题为“玉豉”）】
味苦、甘、酸，性微寒，无毒。主治妇人乳痈（乳房肿痛），七伤，带下十二病，止痛，除恶肉，止汗，治疗金疮（金属利器造成的创伤）。止脓血，治各种恶疮、热疮，消酒，除消渴，补接绝伤，产后体内瘀塞，可制作成金疮膏。生于桐柏及宛朐山谷。二月、八月采集根部，晒干。（得头发则疗效好，畏麦门冬。）
现在近道各处都有，叶子像榆树叶但较长，初生时贴地生长，花籽紫黑色像豆豉，所以名叫玉豉。一茎长直向上，根也可用来酿酒。道士炼丹烧制成灰，能腐蚀石头。缺乏茶叶时，用叶子做饮料，也很好。（《大观本草》卷九，《政和证类本草》）二
[Ba Ji Tian (Morinda officinalis)]
Pungent, sweet, slightly warm, non-toxic. It treats severe wind-pathogen diseases, impotence with inability to erect, strengthens the sinews and bones, calms the five zang organs, tonifies the middle jiao, enhances willpower, and benefits qi. It treats wandering wind on the head and face, pulling pain in the lower abdomen and genitalia, directs qi downward, tonifies the five types of deficiency exhaustion, benefits essence, and is beneficial for men. It grows in the valleys of Ba Commandery and Xiapi. The roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the shade. (Rubus chingii serves as an guiding herb; it is incompatible with Chaosheng, Polyporus umbellatus, and Salvia miltiorrhiza.)
Currently, those from Jianping and Yidu are also used. They resemble Peony but are finer, with a red exterior and black interior. When used, they must be crushed and the heartwood removed. (Da Guan Bencao, Vol. 6; Zhenghe Zhenglei Bencao, p. 165)
[Di Yu (Sanguisorba officinalis)]
Pungent, bitter, neutral, toxic. It primarily nourishes Kidney qi, treats internal injury leading to decline of yin qi, benefits the sinews, bones, skin, and hair. It treats weakness of the legs, pathogenic factors in the five zang organs, and clears heat. Women should not take it for a long time, as it may cause thoughts of men. The fruit/seeds: kill gu poison, break up accumulations and masses, and expel wind-bi. Also known as Gui Mu. It grows in the valleys of Huayin. The leaves are harvested in February and April, and the fruits in August, then dried in the shade. (Acanthopanax gracilistylus serves as an guiding herb.)
It is now available in Lujiang and Dongjian, with leaves resembling those of Loquat. Its clinical use is also rare. (Xinxiu Bencao, p. 151; Da Guan Bencao, Vol. 14; Zhenghe Zhenglei Bencao, p. 351)
[Bai Wan (Inula japonica or similar)]
Pungent, warm, non-toxic. It treats aversion to cold caused by wind-cold, cholera-like disorder, diarrhea and dysentery, borborygmus with pain moving unpredictably, convulsions and epilepsy, and various cold-heat disorders. It treats lung injury with cough, counterflow qi, and sweating; chronic cold in the Bladder causing fullness; and illnesses triggered by drinking alcohol or eating at night. Also known as Bai Wan, Zhi Nü Wan, or Yuan. It grows in the river valleys of Hanzhong or on sunny slopes. Harvested in January and February, dried in the shade. (It fears salty substances.)
Recently, medical formulas have ceased using this herb. It is rarely found in markets, nearly becoming extinct. There is another herb called Bai Wan that resembles Zi Wan, which is not an alias for this one. (Da Guan Bencao, Vol. 8; Zhenghe Zhenglei Bencao, p. 237)
[Yu Chi]
Bitter, sweet, sour, slightly cold, non-toxic. It treats breast abscesses in women, seven injuries, twelve types of leukorrhea, stops pain, removes foul flesh, stops sweating, and treats metal-wound injuries. It stops pus and blood, treats various malignant sores and hot sores, resolves alcohol intoxication, eliminates thirst (xiao ke), repairs severed injuries, treats postpartum internal obstruction, and can be made into a plaster for metal wounds. It grows in the valleys of Tongbai and Wanqu. The roots are harvested in February and August and sun-dried. (Hair enhances its efficacy; it is incompatible with Ophiopogon japonicus.)
It is now common in nearby regions. The leaves resemble Elm leaves but are longer, spreading along the ground when young. The flowers and seeds are purple-black like fermented soybeans, hence the name Yu Chi. It has a single straight stem. The roots can also be used to brew wine. Daoists burn it to ash, which can corrode stones. When tea is scarce, the leaves can be used as a beverage, which is also good. (Da Guan Bencao, Vol. 9; Zhenghe Zhenglei Bencao) II