味咸，平，有毒。主治鬼疰，精物，邪恶气，杀百精，蛊毒，老魅注易，亡走，啼哭，
悲伤，恍惚。一名徐长卿。生陇西池泽山谷。
此又名徐长卿，恐是尔，方家无用。此处世中皆不复识别也。（《新修》三六一页《大观
》卷三十，《政和》五四六页）
味苦，寒，有毒。主治 热，身暴赤色，风水积聚，恶疡，除小儿热。去五脏五水，大
腹，利小便，益气，可作浴汤。一名鬼桃，一名羊肠，一名苌楚，一名御戈，一名铫戈。生
山林川谷及生田野，二月采，阴干。
山野多有，甚似家桃，又非山桃。子小细，苦不堪啖，花甚赤。《诗》云∶“隰有苌楚”
者，即此也。方药亦不复用。（《大观》卷十一，《政和》二七三页）
味苦，寒，无毒。主治头秃疥瘙，除热，女子阴蚀。浸淫，疽痔，杀虫。一名东方宿，
一名连虫陆，一名鬼目，一名蓄。生陈留川泽。
今人呼名秃菜，即是蓄音之讹。《诗》云∶“言采其蓄”。又一种极相似而味酸，呼为酸
模
味苦，平，无毒。主治蛊毒，女子腰腹痛，不乐，肠痈，瘰 ，疡气。生汶山山谷。
方药不复用，人亦罕识。葛根之苗，又一名鹿藿。《大观》卷十一，《政和》二七九页）
味苦，寒，无毒。主治五癃，破石淋，膀胱中结气，利水道小便。生南阳川泽。
一名烂石草，又云即马矢蒿。（《新修》三六二页，《大观》卷三○，《政和》五四六页）
【石下长卿】
味咸，性平，有毒。主治鬼疰（一种由邪气引起的慢性消耗性疾病）、精物（指妖精鬼怪作祟）、邪恶之气，能杀灭各种精怪、蛊毒、老魅注易（指邪气附体导致的病情变化）、亡走（指精神恍惚、行为失常）、啼哭、悲伤、神志恍惚。又名徐长卿。生长在陇西的池塘沼泽和山谷中。
这又被称为徐长卿，恐怕就是这种药，但医方中并不使用。世间人也都不再识别它了。（出自《新修本草》第三六一页，《大观本草》卷三十，《政和本草》五四六页）
【练石草】
味苦，性寒，有毒。主治热病、身体突然发红、风水积聚（水湿停聚形成的肿块）、恶疡（严重的疮疡），能消除小儿发热。能去除五脏的水饮、大腹水肿，通利小便，益气，可以用作沐浴的药汤。又名鬼桃，又名羊肠，又名苌楚，又名御戈，又名铫戈。生长在山林川谷及田野间，二月采收，阴干。
山野中多有生长，很像家桃，又不是山桃。果实细小，味道苦涩无法食用，花朵非常红。《诗经》中说：“隰有苌楚”的，就是这种植物。在方药中也不再使用。（出自《大观本草》卷十一，《政和本草》二七三页）
【蓄】
味苦，性寒，无毒。主治头部脱发、疥疮瘙痒，清除热邪，治疗女子外阴腐蚀溃烂、浸淫疮、疽、痔疮，杀虫。又名东方宿，又名连虫陆，又名鬼目，又名蓄。生长在陈留的川泽中。
现在人称呼它为秃菜，这是“蓄”字读音的讹误。《诗经》中说：“言采其蓄”。还有一种极相似但味道酸的，称为酸模。
【葛根之苗/鹿藿】
味苦，性平，无毒。主治蛊毒、女子腰腹痛、情绪抑郁不乐、肠痈、瘰疬（颈部淋巴结结核）、疡气。生长在汶山的山谷中。
方药中不再使用，人们也很少认识。它是葛根的幼苗，又名鹿藿。（出自《大观本草》卷十一，《政和本草》二七九页）
【马矢蒿/烂石草】
味苦，性寒，无毒。主治五癃（五种排尿困难的症状）、破石淋（排出结石性尿路感染）、膀胱中的结气，通利水道和小便。生长在南阳的川泽中。
又名烂石草，又说就是马矢蒿。（出自《新修本草》第三六二页，《大观本草》卷三十，《政和本草》五四六页）
[Shixia Changqing]
Salty in taste, neutral in nature, toxic. Indicated for Gui Zhu (chronic consumption disease caused by evil qi), Jing Wu (affliction by spirits), evil and malignant qi; kills various spirits, Gu poison (poison caused by venomous insects), Lao Mei Zhu Yi (changes in condition due to possession by old demons), Wang Zou (mental confusion and erratic behavior), crying, sadness, and trance-like states. Also known as Xuchangqing. Grows in the ponds, marshes, and valleys of Longxi.
This is also called Xuchangqing, which is likely correct, but practitioners do not use it. People in the world no longer recognize it. (From *Xinxiu Bencao* p. 361, *Daguan Bencao* Vol. 30, *Zhenghe Bencao* p. 546)
[Lianshi Cao]
Bitter in taste, cold in nature, toxic. Indicated for heat diseases, sudden reddening of the body, Feng Shui Ji Ju (accumulation of wind-water dampness), severe sores; removes pediatric fever. Eliminates water retention in the five zang organs, abdominal distension, promotes urination, benefits qi, and can be used for medicinal baths. Also known as Gui Tao, Yangchang, Changchu, Yuge, and Diaoge. Grows in mountain forests, rivers, valleys, and fields; harvested in February and dried in the shade.
Abundant in wild areas, resembling peach trees but distinct from mountain peaches. The fruits are small and fine, bitter and inedible, while the flowers are very red. The *Classic of Poetry* states: "In the lowlands grow Changchu," referring to this plant. It is no longer used in prescriptions. (From *Daguan Bencao* Vol. 11, *Zhenghe Bencao* p. 273)
[Chu]
Bitter in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for alopecia, scabies, and itching; clears heat; treats female genital erosion, impetigo, carbuncles, hemorrhoids; kills parasites. Also known as Dongfang Su, Lianchong Lu, Gui Mu, and Chu. Grows in the rivers and marshes of Chenliu.
Currently called Tuccai (bald vegetable), which is a phonetic error for Chu. The *Classic of Poetry* states: "Gathering its Chu." Another variety is extremely similar but sour in taste, called Suanmo (Rumex acetosa).
[Gegen Zhi Miao / Luhuo]
Bitter in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for Gu poison, lower back and abdominal pain in women, depression, intestinal abscess, scrofula (luoli), and ulcer-related qi stagnation. Grows in the valleys of Wenshan.
No longer used in prescriptions, and rarely recognized by people. It is the sprout of Gegen (Kudzu Root), also known as Luhuo. (From *Daguan Bencao* Vol. 11, *Zhenghe Bencao* p. 279)
[Mashi Hao / Lanshi Cao]
Bitter in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for Wu Long (five types of urinary difficulty), breaking stone lin (lithiasis), resolving qi stagnation in the bladder, and promoting water passages and urination. Grows in the rivers and marshes of Nanyang.
Also known as Lanshi Cao, or said to be Mashi Hao (Artemisia verlotiorum). (From *Xinxiu Bencao* p. 362, *Daguan Bencao* Vol. 30, *Zhenghe Bencao* p. 546)