味苦、辛，温，无毒。主治咳逆上气，胸中寒热结气，去蛊毒、痿蹶，安五脏。治咳唾
脓血，止喘悸，五劳体虚，补不足，小儿惊痫。一名紫 ，一名青菀。生房陵山谷及真定、
邯郸，二月、三月采根，阴干。（款冬为之使，恶天雄、瞿麦、雷丸、远志，畏茵陈蒿。）近
道处处有，生布地，花亦紫，本有白毛，根甚柔细。有白者名白菀，不复用。（《大观》卷八，
《政和》二○九页）
味苦、咸，寒，无毒。主治头风，黄胆，咳逆，淋沥，女子阴中肿痛，湿痹死肌。不可
屈伸起止行步。治四肢不安，时行腹中大热，饮水，欲走，大呼，小儿惊痫，妇人产后余痛。
生上谷川谷及宛朐。四月、五月采根，阴干。（恶桑螵蛸、桔梗、茯苓、萆 。）近道处处有，
以蜀中者为良。世呼为白羊鲜，气息正似羊膻，或名白膻。（《大观》卷八，《政和》二一○
页）
味苦，平，无毒。主治蛇、虺、蜂、虿、 狗、菜、肉、蛊毒，鬼疰，风疰，诸大毒不
可入口者，皆消除之。又去血，可末着痛上，立消。毒入腹者，煮饮之即解。一名白葛。生
交州山谷。
此药治毒，莫之与敌。而人不复用，殊不可解，都不闻有识之者，想当似葛尔，须别广
访
味酸，温、微寒，无毒。主治痈疽，恶疮，结肉，跌筋，败疮，热气，阴蚀不瘳，利关
节。久服轻身益气。根∶止泄痢腹痛，五脏客热，除邪逆气，疽癞，诸恶疮，金疮伤挞，生
肉复肌。一名蔷薇，一名蔷麻，一名牛棘，一名牛勒，一名蔷蘼，一名山棘。生零陵川谷及
蜀郡。八月、九月采，阴干。
营实即是蔷薇子，以白花者为良。根亦可煮酿酒，茎、叶亦可煮作饮。（《大观》卷七，
《
【紫菀】
味苦、辛，性温，无毒。主治咳嗽气逆，胸中寒热郁结之气，去除蛊毒、痿证厥逆，安定五脏。治疗咳吐脓血，平息喘息心悸，五劳体虚，补益不足，小儿惊痫。又名紫菀（注：原文“紫 ”应为紫菀之误或异写），一名青菀。产于房陵山谷以及真定、邯郸等地，二月、三月采集根部，阴干。（款冬花为其辅药，忌与天雄、瞿麦、雷丸、远志同用，畏茵陈蒿。）近处各地也有生长，贴地而生，花朵呈紫色，茎部有白色绒毛，根部非常柔细。白色的称为白菀，不再使用。（《大观本草》卷八，《政和本草》二○九页）
【营实】
味苦、咸，性寒，无毒。主治头风，黄疸，咳嗽气逆，淋证尿沥不尽，女子外阴肿痛，湿痹导致的肌肤枯死僵硬，肢体不能屈伸起止行走。治疗四肢不安，时行病引起的腹中大热，口渴饮水，想要奔跑，大声呼喊，小儿惊痫，妇人产后余痛。产于上谷川谷以及宛朐。四月、五月采集根部，阴干。（忌与桑螵蛸、桔梗、茯苓、萆薢同用。）近处各地也有，以蜀地产的为优良。世人称之为白羊鲜，气味确实像羊膻味，或者叫白膻。（《大观本草》卷八，《政和本草》二一○页）
【（无名/待考）】
味苦，性平，无毒。主治蛇、蝮蛇、蜂、蝎、狂犬咬伤，以及菜、肉中毒，蛊毒，鬼疰，风疰，各种大毒不可入口者，都能消除。又能去瘀血，可研末敷于痛处，立即消散。毒入腹中的，煮水饮用即可解毒。又名白葛。产于交州山谷。
此药治毒，无人能敌。但人们不再使用，实在难以理解，都没听说有人认识它，猜想大概类似葛根之类，需要另外广泛寻访确认。
【蔷薇】
味酸，性温、微寒，无毒。主治痈疽，恶疮，结肉，跌筋，败疮，热气，阴蚀久不愈合，通利关节。长期服用可轻身益气。根：止泄痢腹痛，清除五脏客热，祛除邪逆气，治疗疽癞，各种恶疮，金创伤挞，促进肌肉再生。又名蔷薇，一名蔷麻，一名牛棘，一名牛勒，一名蔷蘼，一名山棘。产于零陵川谷以及蜀郡。八月、九月采集，阴干。
营实即是蔷薇子，以白花者为良。根也可以煮酒酿酒，茎、叶也可以煮作茶饮。（《大观本草》卷七，《
[Ziwan (Asteris Radix)]
Bitter, pungent, warm, non-toxic. Mainly treats cough with qi rebellion, cold-heat knotted qi in the chest, removes gu poison, ataxia and厥逆 (cold extremities due to yang deficiency), and calms the five zang organs. Treats coughing up pus and blood, stops wheezing and palpitations, addresses the five excesses and physical deficiency, tonifies insufficiency, and treats pediatric convulsions and epilepsy. Also known as Zi Wan (note: original text "Zi " is likely a typo or variant for Ziwan), also named Qing Wan. Grows in the valleys of Fangling, as well as Zhending and Handan. Roots are harvested in February and March and dried in the shade. (Kuantong [Adenophorae Radix] serves as its assistant herb; it is incompatible with Tianxiong [Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata], Qumai [Dianthi Herba], Leiwan [Polyporus Umbellatus], and Yuanzhi [Polygalae Radix]; it fears Yinchenhao [Artemisiae Scopariae Herba].) It is found everywhere in nearby regions, growing flat on the ground, with purple flowers and white hairs on the stem; the roots are very soft and fine. The white variety is called Baiwan and is no longer used. (Da Guan Bencao Vol. 8, Zhenghe Bencao p. 209)
[Yingshi (Rosae Chinensis Fructus)]
Bitter, salty, cold, non-toxic. Mainly treats head wind, jaundice, cough with qi rebellion, strangury with dribbling, swelling and pain in the female vagina, damp-bi causing dead muscle tissue, inability to flex, extend, rise, fall, walk, or step. Treats restlessness of the four limbs, intense abdominal heat during epidemic diseases, thirst for drinking water, desire to run, loud shouting, pediatric convulsions and epilepsy, and residual pain after childbirth in women. Grows in the rivers and valleys of Shanggu and Wanqu. Roots are harvested in April and May and dried in the shade. (Incompatible with Sangpiaoxiao [Mantidis Oötheea], Jiegeng [Platycodonis Radix], Fuling [Poria], and Bixie [Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma].) Found everywhere in nearby regions, with those from Shu being superior. The world calls it Baiyangxian, as its odor truly resembles mutton fat; alternatively named Baishan. (Da Guan Bencao Vol. 8, Zhenghe Bencao p. 210)
[Unnamed/To Be Verified]
Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly treats bites from snakes, vipers, bees, scorpions, mad dogs, and poisoning from vegetables, meat, and gu poison, ghostly transmission diseases, wind transmission diseases, and all major poisons that cannot be ingested; it eliminates them all. It also removes blood stasis; when powdered and applied to painful areas, it dissipates immediately. If poison enters the abdomen, boiling and drinking it resolves the toxicity. Also named Baige. Grows in the valleys of Jiaozhou.
This herb's ability to treat poison is unmatched. Yet people no longer use it, which is inexplicable; no one seems to recognize it. I suspect it is similar to Gegen [Puerariae Lobatae Radix], but requires further extensive investigation.
[Qiangwei (Rosae Chinensis Flower/Bud)]
Sour, warm, slightly cold, non-toxic. Mainly treats carbuncles and sores, malignant ulcers, nodulated flesh, tendon injuries, decaying sores, hot qi, chronic genital erosion, and unblocks joints. Long-term consumption lightens the body and benefits qi. Root: stops dysentery and abdominal pain, clears guest heat in the five zang organs, eliminates rebellious evil qi, treats carbuncle leprosy, various malignant ulcers, metal wounds and beatings, promotes flesh regeneration. Also named Qiangwei, also named Qiangma, Niují, Niule, Qiangmi, Shanji. Grows in the valleys of Lingling and Shu commandery. Harvested in August and September, dried in the shade.
Yingshi is the fruit of Qiangwei, with white-flowered varieties being superior. The root can also be boiled to make wine; stems and leaves can also be boiled for tea. (Da Guan Bencao Vol. 7,