\r葫芦巴\pj227.bmp\r
味苦、气温。纯阳。无毒。《本经》云∶乃番国萝卜子也。原本产诸胡地，今亦莳
于岭南。春月生苗，夏间结子。子作细荚，至秋采收。得桃仁、大茴香，治膀胱疝气效；（
三味麸炒，各等分，研末，半以酒糊丸，半为散，每用五七十丸，盐汤下，散以热米饮调下
，与丸子相间，空心服，日各一、二服，即效。）得硫黄、黑附子，疗肾脏虚冷佳。驱胀满
腹胁中，退青黄面颊上。
\r兴元府萆 \pj228.bmp\r
\r荆门军萆 \pj229.bmp\r
味苦、甘，气平。无毒。盛出河陕荆蜀，蔓生叶作三叉。秋月采根，状类山芋。一种
有刺者，秋白实；一种茎无
刺者，根软虚。种虽两般，白者为胜。又与菝 小异，凡收切勿混真。盖菝 根作块赤黄，
萆根细长浅白。《博物志》
亦曰∶菝 与萆 相乱。时人每呼白菝 者，即萆 也。利刀切片，酒浸烘干。凡用拯 ，
忌食牛肉。畏葵根牡蛎，及
柴胡大黄。为使宜薏苡仁，治痹尽风寒湿。腰背冷痛止，筋骨制痛除。补水脏益精，缩小便
明目。
逐关节久结老血，扫肌肤延生恶疮。仍主恚怒伤中，尤疗老人五缓。菝 别种，亦系
蔓生
儿搀根。）延发山野地。采根秋月，切片曝干。浸赤汁煮米粉尝，辟
酿醇酒饮，去风毒脚痹殊佳。
止小便，益血气。腰背疼甚，煎服亦灵。
（谟）按∶近道所产，呼为冷饭团，即萆 也。俗之淫夫淫妇，多病杨梅疮。剂用轻粉，
愈而
复发，
久则肢体拘挛，挛为痈漏。锉萆 三两，或加皂角刺、牵牛各一钱，水六碗，煎耗一半，温
三服，不数剂多差。原因水衰，肝挟相火凌土，土属湿生肌肉，湿热郁于肌腠，故为痈肿。
经曰∶湿气害人皮肉筋脉是也。萆 味甘、淡，去脾湿。湿去则荣卫从，筋脉柔，肌肉长，
而拘挛痈漏并愈，此亦理也。初病服之不效者，火盛而湿未郁。萆 长于去湿，而劣于去热
。病患则火衰而气已耗，气耗则湿郁，用之去湿故效也。
葫芦巴
味苦，性温。属纯阳之品。无毒。《神农本草经》记载：它是来自番国的萝卜子。原本产于各胡地，现在也在岭南地区种植。春天生出苗叶，夏天结出种子。种子呈细长的荚状，到秋天采收。（与桃仁、大茴香配伍，治疗膀胱疝气效果显著；将这三味药用麦麸炒制，各取等份，研成粉末，一半用酒糊制成丸剂，一半保持散剂，每次服用五七十丸，用盐汤送服丸剂，散剂用热米汤调下，丸剂和散剂交替服用，空腹时服用，每天一至二次，即可见效。）与硫黄、黑附子配伍，治疗肾脏虚寒症佳良。能驱除腹胁中的胀满感，消退面颊上的青黄色泽。
兴元府产的萆薢
荆门军产的萆薢
味苦、甘，性平。无毒。大量出产于河陕、荆蜀地区，蔓生，叶子呈三叉状。秋天采集根部，形状类似山芋。其中一种有刺的，秋天果实变白；另一种茎无刺的，根部松软空虚。虽然品种有两种，但以白色的为优。又与菝葜略有不同，凡是采收时切勿混淆真假。因为菝葜的根块呈赤黄色，而萆薢的根细长且色浅白。《博物志》也说：菝葜与萆薢容易混淆。当时的人常把白菝葜称为萆薢。需用利刀切片，用酒浸泡后烘干。凡是用萆薢救人时，忌食牛肉。它畏惧葵根、牡蛎，以及柴胡和大黄。若作为使药宜配伍薏苡仁，可彻底治疗风寒湿痹。腰背冷痛停止，筋骨拘挛疼痛消除。滋补肾水脏益精，缩小便，明目。驱逐关节中久积的陈旧瘀血，清除肌肤上延生的恶疮。仍主治因愤怒损伤中焦，尤其治疗老人五缓症。菝葜的别种，也是蔓生植物，生长在儿搀根旁边，蔓延发于山野之地。秋天采集根部，切片晒干。浸在赤汁中煮米粉品尝，可辟除酿醇酒饮用时的风毒脚痹，效果极佳。止小便频数，益血气。腰背剧烈疼痛，煎服也灵验。
（陈嘉谟）按语：近道所产的，被称为冷饭团，就是萆薢。世俗中淫夫淫妇，多患杨梅疮。使用轻粉治疗后，痊愈但复发，时间久了肢体拘挛，拘挛导致痈漏。锉碎萆薢三两，或加皂角刺、牵牛子各一钱，用水六碗，煎至消耗一半，分三次温服，不经过几剂大多能痊愈。原因是肾水衰少，肝挟相火凌侮脾土，脾土属湿而生肌肉，湿热郁结于肌腠，所以形成痈肿。经文说：湿气害人皮肉筋脉正是此理。萆薢味甘、淡，能去除脾湿。湿去则营卫调和，筋脉柔和，肌肉生长，而拘挛痈漏一并痊愈，这也是合乎道理的。初病服用不生效的，是火盛而湿未郁结。萆薢长于去湿，而短于清热。病患则是火衰而气已耗损，气耗则湿郁，用它来去湿所以有效。
Huluba (Trigonellae Semen)
Taste: Bitter. Temperature: Warm. Nature: Pure Yang. Toxicity: Non-toxic. *Shennong Bencao Jing* states: It is the radish seed from foreign lands. Originally produced in various Hu regions, it is now also cultivated in Lingnan. Seedlings emerge in spring, and seeds form in summer. The seeds are in slender pods, harvested in autumn. (Combined with Taoren [Peach Kernel] and Dahuixiang [Star Anise], it effectively treats Bladder Hernia Qi (Bladder hernia qi disorder); stir-fry the three ingredients with wheat bran in equal parts, grind into powder, half made into pills with wine paste, half kept as powder. Take 50-70 pills with salt water, or take the powder mixed with hot rice broth. Alternate between pills and powder, taken on an empty stomach, once or twice daily, for immediate effect.) Combined with Liuhuang [Sulfur] and Hei Fuzi [Black Prepared Aconite Root], it excellently treats Kidney Deficiency Cold (Kidney deficiency cold syndrome). It drives away distension and fullness in the abdomen and hypochondrium, and fades the cyan-yellow discoloration on the cheeks.
Xingyuan Fu Bibi (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome from Xingyuan Prefecture)
Jingmen Jun Bibi (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome from Jingmen Military District)
Taste: Bitter, Sweet. Temperature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Abundantly produced in Heshan, Jingshu areas. It grows as a vine with trifoliate leaves. Roots are harvested in autumn, resembling wild yams. One variety has thorns and bears white fruit in autumn; another variety has thornless stems and soft, hollow roots. Although there are two types, the white one is superior. It differs slightly from Babao [Smilax Glabra Rhizome]; do not confuse genuine products during collection. Babao roots are chunky and reddish-yellow, whereas Bibi roots are slender and pale white. *Bowuzhi* also notes that Babao and Bibi are often confused. People at that time often referred to Bai Babao [White Smilax Glabra Rhizome] as Bibi. Slice thinly with a sharp knife, soak in wine, and dry. When using Bibi for treatment, avoid beef. It is incompatible with Kuigen [Sunflower Root], Muli [Oyster Shell], Chaihu [Bupleuri Radix], and Dahuang [Rhei Radix et Rhizoma]. As an assistant herb, Yi Yi Ren [Coicis Semen] is suitable, effectively treating Bi Syndrome caused by Wind-Cold-Dampness. It stops cold pain in the waist and back, eliminates pain and stiffness in tendons and bones. It nourishes the Water Organ (Kidney), benefits essence, reduces urination, and brightens the eyes. It expels old blood stagnation accumulated in joints for a long time, and clears malignant sores extending on the skin. It primarily treats injury to the Middle Jiao due to anger, and especially treats the Five Slownesses (Wu Huan) in the elderly. Another species of Babao is also a vine, growing near Erchan Gen, spreading in mountains and fields. Harvest roots in autumn, slice and sun-dry. Soak in red juice to cook rice flour for tasting; drinking brewed strong wine helps eliminate wind-toxicity and foot Bi, which is excellent. It stops frequent urination, benefits blood and qi. Decoction is effective for severe waist and back pain.
(Chen Jiamo) Commentary: Produced in nearby regions, called Leng Fan Tuan [Cold Rice Ball], this is indeed Bibi. In secular society, adulterous men and women often suffer from Yangmei Chuang [Chancre/Kaposi Sarcoma-like lesions]. After treatment with Qingfen [Calomel], they recover but relapse. Over time, limbs become stiff and contracted, leading to abscesses and fistulas. Cleave 3 liang of Bibi, or add Zaojiao Ci [Gleditsiae Spina] and Qianniu [Pharbitidis Semen] each 1 qian. Boil in 6 bowls of water until reduced by half. Take warm in three doses. Most cases heal after a few doses. The cause is deficient Kidney Water, with Liver harboring Ministerial Fire insulting Spleen Earth. Spleen Earth governs dampness and generates muscle. Damp-heat stagnates in the muscle interstices, causing swelling and abscesses. The classic says: "Dampness harms the skin, flesh, sinews, and vessels." Bibi tastes sweet and bland, removing Spleen dampness. When dampness is removed, Ying and Wei flow smoothly, sinews become flexible, muscles grow, and contraction, abscesses, and fistulas heal. This is logical. If ineffective initially, it indicates excessive Fire without dampness stagnation. Bibi excels at removing dampness but is inferior at clearing heat. In patients, if Fire is deficient and Qi is exhausted, Qi exhaustion leads to dampness stagnation; thus, using it to remove dampness is effective.