\r钩藤\pj313.bmp\r味甘、苦，气微寒。无毒。湖南北俱有，山上下尽生。叶细茎长，
节间有刺。因类钩
钓，故名钩藤。三月采收，取皮日曝。专医稚幼，不理别科。寒热惊痫，手足螈 者急觅，
胎风客忤、口眼抽搐者宜求。因茎长中虚，可钻隙盗酒。小人每取， 置瓮中，口含略吸引
之，酒出涓涓不断。
\r槟榔\pj314.bmp\r
味辛、苦，气温。味浓气薄，降也，阴中阳也。无毒。岭南州郡，俱各有生。形类鸡
心尖长，性如铁石沉重。存坐正稳，中实不虚。破有锦纹，此品方妙。逐水谷，阴痰 ，止
心痛，杀三虫。治后重如神，坠诸气极下。专破滞气下行，若服过多，又泻胸中至高气也。
（谟）按∶槟榔服之，苦以破滞气，辛以散邪气。久服则损真气，多服则泻至高之气。
较诸枳
壳、青皮，此尤甚也。夫何岭南烟瘴之地，平居无病之人，朝夕如常猛噬？云∶可辟除山岚
瘴气之疾。习以成俗，至今为然。吾儒有仕于彼者，亦随其俗而噬之，使一身冲和胃气，竟
常被其耗析矣。正所谓非徒无益而反害之，因习之弊，死而无悔者焉！罗谦甫曰∶无病服药
，如壁里安鼠，诚哉是言也！尝闻用药如用兵，朝廷不得已而行之，以御寇尔。若无寇可平
，而无故发兵，不惟空费粮饷，抑且害及无辜。戒之！戒之！
钩藤
味甘、苦，气微寒。无毒。湖南、北两地都有生长，山上山下到处都能见到。叶子细小茎干细长，节间有刺。因为形状像钩子或钓具，所以名叫钩藤。三月采收，取皮后在阳光下曝晒。专门治疗儿童疾病，不用于其他科室。对于寒热交替、惊风癫痫、手足抽搐的症状要急于寻找此药；对于胎风（胎儿受惊）、客忤（外邪侵袭）、口眼歪斜抽搐的症状适宜使用。因为茎长且中空，可以钻过缝隙偷酒喝。小人常将其放入酒瓮中，嘴里含着另一端略加吸引，酒就会涓涓流出不断。
槟榔
味辛、苦，气温。气味浓厚而气薄，性质沉降，属于阴中之阳。无毒。岭南各州郡都有生长。形状像鸡心尖长，性质如铁石般沉重。坐着端正稳重，中间实心不虚。剖开有锦纹，这样的品质才妙。能驱逐水谷积滞，消除阴痰，止心痛，杀灭三种寄生虫。治疗里急后重效果如神，能使各种气机极下行。专门破除滞气使其下行，如果服用过多，又会泻去胸中至高之气。（陈嘉谟）按语：槟榔服用后，苦味能破滞气，辛味能散邪气。久服则损伤真气，多服则泻去至高之气。与枳壳、青皮相比，槟榔在这方面更为严重。为什么岭南烟瘴之地，平时没有病的人，早晚像平常一样猛烈咀嚼？说是可以辟除山岚瘴气之疾。习以为俗，至今如此。我们儒家中有在那里做官的人，也随其俗而咀嚼它，使得一身冲和胃气，竟常被其耗散。正所谓非但无益反而有害，因习俗之弊，死都不后悔的！罗谦甫说：无病服药，如在墙壁里安置老鼠，这话确实正确啊！曾听说用药如用兵，朝廷不得已而行之，是用来抵御敌寇罢了。如果没有敌寇可平定，却无故发兵，不仅空费粮饷，而且害及无辜。戒之！戒之！
Gouteng (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis)
Sweet and bitter in taste, slightly cold in nature. Non-toxic. Grown in Hunan and Hubei provinces, found everywhere on mountains and hills. Leaves are fine, stems are long, with thorns between nodes. Named "Hook Vine" because its shape resembles hooks or fishing gear. Harvested in March, the bark is sun-dried. Specifically treats pediatric conditions, not used for other specialties. For symptoms of alternating chills and fever, convulsive epilepsy, and twitching of hands and feet, seek it urgently; for fetal wind (infantile convulsion due to fright), external pathogenic invasion, and twitching of mouth and eyes, it is suitable. Because the stem is long and hollow, it can pierce through gaps to steal wine. Villains often place it in a wine jar, hold one end in their mouth and gently suck, causing wine to flow out continuously drop by drop.
Binglang (Arecae Semen)
Pungent and bitter in taste, warm in nature. Strong flavor but light aroma, descending in action, representing Yang within Yin. Non-toxic. Grown in all prefectures and commanderies of Lingnan region. Shape resembles the pointed tip of a chicken heart, nature heavy like iron or stone. Sits upright and steady, solid inside without being hollow. When broken, displays brocade-like patterns, which indicates superior quality. Drains water and grain accumulation, eliminates yin phlegm, stops heart pain, kills three types of parasites. Treats tenesmus with miraculous effect, causes various qi mechanisms to descend extremely. Specifically breaks stagnant qi and directs it downward; if taken in excess, it also drains the highest qi in the chest. (Chen Jiamo) Commentary: Binglang, when taken, bitterness breaks stagnant qi, pungency disperses pathogenic qi. Long-term use damages true qi, excessive use drains the highest qi. Compared to Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) and Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), this effect is even more pronounced. Why do people in the miasma-prone regions of Lingnan, who are healthy, chew it vigorously morning and evening as usual? They say it can ward off mountainous miasma diseases. It has become a custom, still practiced today. Some Confucian scholars serving there also follow this custom and chew it, causing their harmonizing stomach qi to be constantly depleted. This is precisely what is meant by "not only no benefit but also harm," a弊端 of habituation, where people die without regret! Luo Qianfu said: Taking medicine when healthy is like placing a rat in a wall, truly so! I have heard that using medicine is like using troops; the court uses it reluctantly to defend against enemies. If there are no enemies to pacify, yet troops are sent without cause, not only is grain and pay wasted in vain, but innocent people are also harmed. Beware! Beware!