蛇蜕,从口翻退出,眼睛亦退,今合眼药多用,取此义也,入药洗净。
椎破,中间有如自然铜者佳。治心悸动,火烧赤,酒淬至酥,二两,朱砂一两,与
蛇
黄同研,水飞,天麻二两,别为末,与前二味合匀,每以半钱,少以薄菏汤调,食后、夜卧
服,殊效。
金蛇,今方书往往不见用。
尾细长,能穿小铜钱一百文者佳。有身长一丈余者。蛇类中此蛇入药最多。尝于顺安
军塘泺堤上,见一乌蛇长一丈余,有鼠野狼啮蛇头,曳之而去,是亦相畏伏尔。市者多伪,以
他蛇熏黑色货之,不可不察也。乌蛇脊高,世谓之剑脊乌梢。
诸蛇鼻向下,独此蛇鼻向上。背有方胜花纹,以此得名。用之去头尾,换酒浸三日
,弃酒不用,火炙,仍尽去皮骨。此物毒甚,不可不防也。
背光,黑绿色,足赤,腹下黄。有中其毒者,以乌鸡屎水稠调,涂咬处,效。大蒜涂
之,亦效。复能治丹毒瘤,蜈蚣一条干者,白矾皂子大,雷丸一个,百步二钱,秤,同为末
,醋调涂之。又,畏蛞蝓,不敢过所行之路。触其身,则蜈蚣死,人故取以治蜈蚣毒。桑汁
、白盐亦效。
即今百节虫也。身如槎节,节有细蹙纹,起紫黑色,光润,百足。死则侧卧如环,长
二三寸,尤者粗如小指。西京上阳宫及内城砖墙中甚多,入药至鲜。
蛇蜕,是从口中翻卷退出的,眼睛也随之退出,现在配制眼药多用此法,正是取这一含义,入药时需洗净。
将其椎破,中间有类似自然铜色泽的为上品。治疗心悸动,将其火烧至赤红,用酒淬炼至酥状,取二两,朱砂一两,与蛇黄一同研磨,用水飞法处理,天麻二两,单独研为细末,与前两味药混合均匀,每次服用半钱,用少量薄荷汤调服,饭后、睡前服用,效果显著。
金蛇,现在的方书中往往不见使用。
尾巴细长,能穿过一百文小铜钱的为佳。有的身长一丈多。在蛇类中,这种蛇入药最多。曾经在顺安军塘泺堤上,见到一条乌蛇长一丈多,有老鼠和野狼咬住蛇头,拖着它离去,这也是相互畏惧制约的表现。市场上假货很多,用其他蛇熏黑来冒充,不可不仔细辨别。乌蛇脊背高耸,世人称之为剑脊乌梢。
各种蛇的鼻子都向下,唯独这条蛇的鼻子向上。背部有方胜花纹,因此得名。使用时去掉头尾,用酒浸泡三天,弃去酒不用,火烤炙,仍要剥尽皮骨。此物毒性很大,不可不防范。
背部颜色偏暗,呈黑绿色,脚爪赤红,腹部下方黄色。有人被其咬伤中毒,用乌鸡屎加水调成稠糊,涂在咬伤处,有效。用大蒜涂抹,也有效。又能治疗丹毒瘤,蜈蚣一条(干品),白矾如皂子大小,雷丸一个,百步二钱,称量后,共同研为细末,用醋调匀涂抹患处。另外,它畏惧蛞蝓,不敢经过蛞蝓走过的路。触碰到它的身体,蜈蚣就会死亡,人们因此用它来治疗蜈蚣毒。桑汁、白盐也有效。
就是现在的百节虫。身体像木筏的横木节段,每节有细密的皱纹,呈现紫黑色,光滑润泽,有一百只脚。死后侧卧如环状,长二三寸,特别粗大的如小指粗细。西京上阳宫及内城砖墙中非常多,入药极少使用。
Snake Slough (Shetui), which is everted and expelled from the mouth, with the eyes also being expelled. It is now frequently used in compounding eye medicines, taking advantage of this characteristic. For medicinal use, it must be washed clean.
When broken open, those with a center resembling natural copper are superior. To treat palpitations (Xin Ji Dong), calcine by fire until red-hot, quench in wine until it becomes crisp-like, take two liang, Cinnabar (Zhusha) one liang, and Snake Gallbladder (She Huang) together grind them, process by water levigation (Shui Fei). Gastrodia Rhizome (Tianma) two liang, separately ground into fine powder, mix evenly with the previous two ingredients. Take half a qian each time, mixed with a small amount of Mint Decoction (Bohe Tang), taken after meals and before going to bed at night; it yields remarkable efficacy.
Golden Snake (Jin She) is rarely seen in current formularies.
Those with slender tails capable of threading through one hundred cash coins are considered excellent. Some may exceed ten zhang in length. Among snakes, this species is most commonly used in medicine. I once saw on the dike of the ponds in Shun'an Army a black snake over ten zhang long; mice and wild wolves bit its head and dragged it away, demonstrating mutual fear and subjugation. Market specimens are often counterfeit, made by smoking other snakes black to pass them off; careful examination is essential. The black snake has a high ridge on its back, known in the world as "Sword-ridge Black Slaty Snake" (Jianji Wushao).
The noses of various snakes point downward, but only this snake's nose points upward. Its back bears a pattern resembling interlocking squares (Fangsheng), hence its name. When used, remove the head and tail, soak in wine for three days, discard the wine, roast over fire, and ensure all skin and bones are removed. This substance is highly toxic and precautions must be taken.
Its back is dark, blackish-green, feet are reddish, and the underside is yellow. If bitten and poisoned, apply a thick paste of black chicken manure mixed with water to the bite site; it is effective. Applying garlic is also effective. It can also treat erysipelas tumors (Dan Du Liu). Take one dried centipede, alum (Bai Fan) the size of a soap pod, one Polyporus (Lei Wan), and two qian of Centipede Vine (Bai Bu), weigh them, grind together into powder, mix with vinegar, and apply topically. Furthermore, it fears slugs (Kuoyu) and dares not cross paths where they have walked. Contact with its body causes centipedes to die; thus, people use it to treat centipede venom. Mulberry juice and white salt are also effective.
This is the current "Hundred-joint Worm". Its body resembles segments of a raft, with fine wrinkles on each segment, appearing purplish-black, smooth and glossy, possessing a hundred legs. When dead, it lies on its side in a ring shape, two or three cun in length; the larger ones are as thick as a little finger. They are very numerous in the brick walls of Shangyang Palace and the inner city of Xijing, but are rarely used in medicine.