Two types, large and small: One type is larger, known as the Hu Qiáng Láng (Hui Dung Beetle), with a black, glossy body and small yellow spots under its abdominal wings. The larvae attach to the mother and fly together; they do not emerge during the day but only at night. They fly into human courtyards and doorways, attracted by light. The other type is smaller, with a duller body color; it emerges during the day and does not come out at night. Currently, the Hu Qiáng Láng should be used. Thirty of the smaller ones are ground up, mixed with water, and administered to cattle or horses to treat distension and stagnation, yielding excellent results. Foxes will eat them all upon encountering them.

It must be stir-fried with glutinous rice until the rice turns yellow. Pregnant women should not take it, as it can ulcerate human flesh. It is frequently used in formulas for treating Lin syndrome (dysuria), has an extremely bitter taste, and users should exercise particular caution. The following entry on Yuan Qing (Mylabris) has uses not far removed from this, so it is appended here.

In the capital, it is referred to as "An" (a specific shellfish/insect, context implies edible shellfish). People consume it frequently in spring and summer, but it may induce wind-phlegm and has a slightly cold nature. It is also found in the rivers of Shun'an Jun, generally resembling Ma Dao (Cardita bidentata, a type of clam). Its meat is quite bland. People make pickles from it to give to neighbors, but it cannot be transported far. It may also induce wind pathogen. These should not be consumed in large quantities. The current Ge Fen (Shell Powder) is made from the ash of various such shells.

Currently called Bei Chi (Shell Teeth), it resembles Zi Bei (Purple Cowrie) but is over one cun long, hence the name Bei Zi (Cowrie Shell). Its color is slightly white, though some are deep purple-black. It is used, after calcination, to treat eye nebulae (cataracts/opacities). In the north, people use it to decorate felt hats, sew onto clothing, or wear as hanging ornaments.

Jia Xiang (Ambergris/Bezoar from sea creatures) is effective at stabilizing incense smoke. It works very well when combined with Chen Xiang (Aquilaria Wood), Tan Xiang (Sandalwood), Long Nao (Borneol), and She Xiang (Musk).

It is suitable for both adults and children and is indispensable for treating pediatric convulsions (Jing Feng). Some use the whole scorpion, while others use only the tail; the tail is particularly potent. Currently, they are caught from under stones in the mountains of Qingzhou, slowly roasted over low fire, or dried in the intense sun. When the scorpions are thirsty and hot, green mud is fed to them. Once full, they are killed by heat application, which is why their color is often reddish; this is done to increase their weight for sale. Physicians remove all soil before use. If stung by a scorpion, pain can be stopped. Having been poisoned myself, my elder brother instructed me to cease movement and follow specific orders, ensuring that even if stung, there is no pain. The protocols of the Hanlin Academy are complete.

It benefits menstrual blood flow but does not generate blood. There was once a patient with eye nebulae that moved around unpredictably; this indicates a blood disorder. Since the Heart generates blood and the Liver stores blood, the Liver's ability to see depends on receiving blood nourishment. Treating eye diseases without addressing the blood contradicts medical principles. This substance enters the Liver channel most rapidly. One method: Wu Ling Zhi (Trogopterus Dung) 2 liang, Mo Yao (Myrrh) 1 liang, Ru Xiang (Frankincense) 0.5 liang, Chuan Wu Tou (Aconitum Carmichaelii Dehanchet Root) 1.5 liang (processed and peeled). Grind all into fine powder, add water drop by drop to form pills the size of bullet seeds. Take one pill per dose, ground with warm ginger-infused wine. It treats wind-cold blocking qi and blood, causing pain, coldness, numbness in the hands, feet, and body. Another case involved someone bitten by a venomous snake who became unconscious after a long time. An old monk mixed two qian of medicine with wine and forced it down the patient's throat, leading to recovery. The residue was then applied to the bite site. After some time, another two qian were administered orally, eliminating all suffering. Upon inquiry, the formula consisted of Wu Ling Zhi (Trogopterus Dung) 1 liang and Xiong Huang (Realgar) 0.5 liang, ground together. Later cases of poisoning treated with this method proved invariably effective. Although this drug is not very expensive, there are many counterfeit versions.