生蜀地及西戎。今广南江西州郡亦有之。然不及蜀中者佳。四月生苗似姜黄。亦不结实。
根如指顶。长者寸许。体圆有横纹如蝉腹状。外黄内赤。不如姜黄纯黄也。
味辛而苦。气寒性轻扬。气味俱浓。入手少阴足厥阴。兼通足阳明经。主凉心经。治血
气心腹痛。及阳毒入胃。下血频痛。疗失心癫狂。血积蛊毒。尿血血淋。女子产后败血冲心。
方书治发热郁。狂痫头痛。眩晕咳嗽。齿衄咳血。滞下淋。并目鼻舌喉等证。郁金无香。而
性轻扬。能达酒气于高远。古人用治郁遏不能升者。（丹溪）周人尚臭。灌用鬯。（以郁合 。
酿之成鬯。）阴达于九渊。阳彻于九天。故能条畅于上下。致气于高远以降神也。（之颐）与
香薷合其德。略有异同。香薷偏于卫与阳。郁金偏于营与阴。至于将形脏。弥元府。敷幽门
。则一耳。（又）郁金属火与土而有水。治吐衄唾血血腥。及经脉逆行。并宜磨末。加韭汁
姜汁童便和服。其血自清。痰中带血者。加竹沥。（丹溪）入心及包络。治病经验方。有惊
忧痰血。络聚心窍。致成颠狂久病。用真郁金七两。明矾三两。为末。薄米糊丸梧子大。每
白汤下五十丸。有妇人初服此。心胸间如有物脱去。神气洒然。再服而苏。此由郁金入心去
恶血。明矾化顽痰故也。（濒湖）郁金治诸血证之上行。皆属于内热火炎。盖此药能降气。
气降即是火降。又本为血分气药。故血不妄行也。（仲淳）伤寒斑痘。始有白泡。忽搐入腹。
渐作紫黑色。无脓。日夜叫乱者。郁金一枚。甘草二钱半。水半碗。煮干。去甘草。切片烘
研为末。入真脑子五分。每用一钱。以生猪血五七滴。新汲水调下。不过二服。甚者毒瓦斯从
手足心出如痈状。乃瘥。此五死一生之候也。（庞安常）同番降香韭菜生地当归童便。治怒
气伤肝吐血。胃口作痛。牵引两胁并背。不可忍。郁金一钱半。酒炒香附三钱。条甘草一钱。
水酒各半。煎服立效。按此味由气畅血。性本轻扬。其散血积。与他散血之味不同。厥心气
痛不可忍。郁金附子干姜等分。为末。醋糊丸梧子大。朱砂为衣。每服三十丸。男酒女醋下。
按郁金类同寒凉药用。此与姜附治寒水上逆。则其不专以阴胜可知。阳毒下血。热气入胃。
痛不可忍。郁金五大个。牛黄一厘。皂荚子为散。每服用醋浆水一盏。同煎三沸。温服。风
痰壅滞。郁金一分。藜芦十分。为末。每服一字。温浆水调下。仍以浆水一盏漱口。以食压
〔论〕姜黄之味。辛胜于苦。其气温。郁金苦胜于辛。其气寒。方书俱以为入血。不知
姜黄本于卫之阳以入血。宣血中结滞之邪而利之。郁金本于营之阴以入血。畅血中精微之化
而行之也。郁金四月生苗。秋末乃于茎中吐华。由火土而趋金水。以宣其所孕。且其精英不
赤。犹存火土之质。而大蕴金水之精。所以气寒而味苦。即火土
之质。而气味全蕴金水。故能化火土之浊。即金水之化而形质不离火土。乃能就其阴之精微
化。其气疏越而条达。丹溪所谓轻扬上行。用治遏郁不升。斯言
夫血之周流。由于气治。血积
未有不畅气者。）大凡阴阳之气能化。
未有不本于升降者。能升未有不降者。观其去心经痰血之络。聚并包络与胃中血热之毒。上
而头面一切。下及二便。是岂升而不降者哉。至于洁古纯阴之说。当不尽然。何者。兹味之
使阳脱化。乃其阴之精微也。固非以气之辛散为功。又岂纯阴而不能化者。所得奏效于上下。
缪氏云。凡阴虚火炎。薄血上溢。而非气分拂逆伤肝致吐者。不宜用。即用亦无效。
〔辨治〕郁金姜黄。实不同种。郁金味苦寒。色赤类蝉肚圆尖。姜黄味辛温。色黄似姜
瓜圆大。第郁金最少。而姜黄常多。今市家欺人。谓原本一物。指其大者为姜黄。小者为郁
金。不可不察。倘难得真郁金。可采山茶花烧灰存性。研细调服代之。（嘉谟）置生鸡血中
生长于蜀地及西戎地区。如今广南、江西的州郡也有出产。然而不如蜀地产的质量好。四月生出苗，形状像姜黄。也不结种子。
根像手指头顶端那么大。长的有一寸多长。形体圆，有横向纹路，像蝉腹部的样子。外皮黄色，内部红色。不像姜黄那样纯黄。
味道辛而苦。气寒，性质轻扬。气味都很浓厚。归入手少阴心经和足厥阴肝经。兼通足阳明胃经。主要清凉心经。治疗血气引起的心腹痛。以及阳毒侵入胃部，导致下血且频繁疼痛。治疗失心癫狂。血积蛊毒。尿血、血淋。女子产后败血冲心。
医书中记载治疗发热郁结。狂痫头痛。眩晕咳嗽。鼻齿出血、咳血。痢疾淋证。以及目、鼻、舌、喉等病症。郁金没有香气。但性质轻扬。能引导酒气到达高远之处。古人用它治疗郁遏不能升发的情况。（朱丹溪）周人崇尚气味，用郁香酿造鬯酒。（用郁金合其他香料酿制成鬯酒。）阴气通达九渊。阳气彻达九天。所以能条畅于上下。使气达到高远以降神。（程颢/程颐）与香薷相合其德性。略有异同。香薷偏重于卫气和阳气。郁金偏重于营气和阴气。至于将形脏之气弥散元府。敷布幽门。则是一样的。（又论）郁金属火与土而有水。治疗吐血、衄血、唾血、血腥。以及经脉逆行。都适宜磨成粉末。加韭菜汁、姜汁、童便调和服用。血液自然清静。痰中带血的。加竹沥。（朱丹溪）入心包络。治病经验方。有惊忧痰血。络脉聚于心窍。导致成为颠狂久病。用真郁金七两。明矾三两。研为末。薄米糊丸如梧桐子大。每次用白开水送服五十丸。有位妇人初次服用此药。心胸间好像有东西脱落。神气清爽。再服后苏醒。这是因为郁金入心去除恶血。明矾化解顽痰的缘故。（李时珍）郁金治疗各种血证的上行。都属于内热火炎。因为此药能降气。气降即是火降。又本为血分的气药。所以血不妄行。（陈实功/仲淳）伤寒斑痘。开始有白泡。忽然抽搐入腹。逐渐变成紫黑色。无脓。日夜叫喊混乱的。用郁金一枚。甘草二钱半。水半碗。煮干。去掉甘草。切片烘干研为末。加入真脑子五分。每次用一钱。用生猪血五七滴。新汲水调下。不超过两次服药。严重的毒瓦斯从手足心排出像痈状。于是痊愈。这是五死一生之候。（庞安常）同番降香、韭菜、生地、当归、童便一起。治疗怒气伤肝吐血。胃口作痛。牵引两胁并背部。不可忍受。郁金一钱半。酒炒香附三钱。条甘草一钱。水酒各半。煎服立效。按：此味由气畅血。性质本来轻扬。它散血积。与其他散血的味道不同。厥心痛不可忍受。郁金、附子、干姜等分。研为末。醋糊丸如梧桐子大。朱砂为衣。每次服三十丸。男用酒女用醋送下。按：郁金类同寒凉药用。此与姜附治寒水上逆。则可知其不专以阴胜。阳毒下血。热气入胃。痛不可忍。郁金五大个。牛黄一厘。皂荚子为散。每次服用醋浆水一盏。同煎三沸。温服。风痰壅滞。郁金一分。藜芦十分。研为末。每次服一字。温浆水调下。仍以浆水一盏漱口。用食物压住。
[论] 姜黄的味道。辛胜于苦。其气温。郁金苦胜于辛。其气寒。医书都认为入血。不知道姜黄本于卫之阳以入血。宣散血中结滞之邪而利导之。郁金本于营之阴以入血。畅达血中精微之化而行气也。郁金四月生苗。秋末乃在茎中开花。由火土而趋金水。以宣发其所孕育。而且其精英不赤。犹存火土之质。而大蕴金水之精。所以气寒而味苦。即火土之质。而气味全蕴金水。故能化火土之浊。即金水之化而形质不离火土。乃能就其阴之精微化。其气疏越而条达。丹溪所谓轻扬上行。用治遏郁不升。斯言夫血之周流。由于气治。血积未有不畅气者。）大凡阴阳之气能化。未有不本于升降者。能升未有不降者。观其去心经痰血之络。聚并包络与胃中血热之毒。上而头面一切。下及二便。是岂升而不降者哉。至于洁古纯阴之说。当不尽然。何者。兹味之使阳脱化。乃其阴之精微也。固非以气之辛散为功。又岂纯阴而不能化者。所得奏效于上下。缪氏云。凡阴虚火炎。薄血上溢。而非气分拂逆伤肝致吐者。不宜用。即用亦无效。
[辨治] 郁金姜黄。实在不是同一种。郁金味苦寒。色赤类蝉肚圆尖。姜黄味辛温。色黄似姜瓜圆大。只是郁金最少。而姜黄常多。现在市家欺人。说原本是一物。指其大的为姜黄。小的为郁金。不可不察。如果难得真郁金。可采山茶花烧灰存性。研细调服替代。（嘉谟）置生鸡血中
Grows in Shu region and Western Regions. Currently, it is also produced in prefectures of Guangnan and Jiangxi. However, the quality from Shu is superior. Seedlings emerge in April, resembling those of *Curcuma longa* (Jianghuang). It does not produce seeds.
The root is as thick as a finger tip. The longer ones are about one cun long. The body is round with transverse striations resembling the abdomen of a cicada. The exterior is yellow, while the interior is red. Unlike *Curcuma longa*, which is purely yellow.
The taste is pungent and bitter. The nature is cold, and its property is light and ascending. Both flavor and qi are strong. It enters the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian, and also connects with the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. It primarily cools the Heart Meridian. It treats heart and abdominal pain caused by blood and qi stagnation. As well as Yang-toxin invading the stomach, causing frequent bleeding and painful defecation. It treats insanity due to loss of heart spirit. Blood accumulation and gu-poison. Hematuria and bloody strangury. Postpartum women suffering from敗血 (retained blood) rushing to the heart.
Medical texts record its use for treating fever due to depression/stagnation. Manic epilepsy and headache. Dizziness and cough. Epistaxis and hemoptysis. Dysentery and strangury. And conditions affecting the eyes, nose, tongue, and throat. Yu Jin lacks fragrance. But its property is light and ascending. It can guide the qi of wine to high and distant places. Ancients used it to treat cases where qi was depressed and failed to ascend. (Zhu Danxi) The Zhou people valued aroma, using Yu Jin to brew Chang wine. (Brewing Chang wine by combining Yu Jin with other aromatics.) Yin reaches the deepest abyss. Yang penetrates to the highest heaven. Thus, it can smooth and unblock the upper and lower parts. Allowing qi to reach high and distant places to descend spirits. (Cheng Yi) Its virtue combines with Xiangru (Moslae Herba). There are slight similarities and differences. Xiangru focuses on Wei Qi and Yang. Yu Jin focuses on Ying Qi and Yin. Regarding dispersing qi from form-zang, filling Yuan-fu, and spreading at You-men. They are essentially the same. (Another view) Yu Jin belongs to Fire and Earth but contains Water. It treats hematemesis, epistaxis, spitting blood, and bloody sputum. As well as reverse flow of meridians. It is best ground into powder. Mixed with chive juice, ginger juice, and children's urine, and taken together. The blood will naturally clear. For blood in phlegm, add bamboo sap. (Zhu Danxi) Enters the Heart and Pericardium. An empirical formula for treating disease. Cases of fright, anxiety, phlegm-blood, collaterals gathering in the heart orifice, leading to chronic mania. Use genuine Yu Jin seven liang, Alum three liang. Grind into powder. Make pills with thin rice paste, size of wu-tong seeds. Take fifty pills each time with warm water. A woman who took this medicine initially felt as if something had fallen away from her chest and heart, feeling refreshed. After taking it again, she recovered. This is because Yu Jin enters the heart to remove evil blood, and Alum resolves stubborn phlegm. (Li Shizhen) Yu Jin treats upward-flowing blood syndromes. These all belong to internal fire and flaming heat. Because this herb can descend qi. Descending qi means descending fire. Furthermore, it is fundamentally an herb that moves qi within the blood level. Thus, blood does not flow recklessly. (Zhongchun) In cold damage macules and pustules. Initially white blisters appear. Suddenly convulsions enter the abdomen. Gradually turning purple-black. Without pus. Crying and chaos day and night. Use one piece of Yu Jin, two qian half of Licorice Root. Half a bowl of water. Boil until dry. Remove Licorice Root. Slice, dry, and grind into powder. Add five fen of real Borneol. Take one qian each time. Mix with five or seven drops of fresh pig blood. Dissolve in newly drawn water. No more than two doses. Severe cases: toxic vapors exit from palms and soles like boils. Then recovery occurs. This is a critical condition with five deaths for one life. (Pang Anchang) Combined with Indian Sandalwood, Chives, Rehmannia Root, Angelica Sinensis, and children's urine. Treats vomiting blood due to anger injuring the liver. Stomach pain radiating to both hypochondria and back, unbearable. Yu Jin one qian half. Alcohol-fried Cyperus Rhizome three qian. Strip Licorice Root one qian. Half water, half wine. Decoct and take. Immediate effect. Note: This herb promotes blood circulation through qi movement. Its nature is inherently light and ascending. Its dispersion of blood stasis differs from other blood-dispersing herbs. For unbearable Jue-heart pain. Equal parts Yu Jin, Aconite Root, and Zingiberis Rhizoma. Grind into powder. Make pills with vinegar paste, size of wu-tong seeds. Coat with Cinnabar. Take thirty pills each time. Men use wine, women use vinegar for delivery. Note: Yu Jin is typically used with cold-cooling herbs. Here combined with Ginger and Aconite to treat cold water counterflow. Thus showing it is not exclusively yin-dominant. Yang-toxin bleeding. Heat qi entering the stomach. Unbearable pain. Five large pieces of Yu Jin. One li of Calculus Bovis. Powdered Gleditsiae Sinensis Seed. Each dose: decoct with one cup of vinegar-grain water for three boils. Take warm. For wind-phlegm obstruction. Yu Jin one fen. Veratrum Root ten fen. Grind into powder. Take one zi each time. Dissolve in warm grain water. Rinse mouth with one cup of grain water afterwards. Suppress with food.
[Discussion] The taste of *Curcuma longa*. Pungency exceeds bitterness. Its nature is warm. Yu Jin bitterness exceeds pungency. Its nature is cold. Medical texts all consider it entering the blood. Not knowing that *Curcuma longa* enters the blood via Wei-Yang. Promoting and draining stagnant evils in the blood. Yu Jin enters the blood via Ying-Yin. Smoothly promoting the transformation of essence and micro-nutrients in the blood. Yu Jin seedlings emerge in April. Flowers bloom on stems in late autumn. Moving from Fire-Earth towards Metal-Water. To express what is gestated. Moreover, its essence is not red. Retaining the substance of Fire-Earth. While greatly containing the essence of Metal-Water. Hence, cold nature and bitter taste. Being the substance of Fire-Earth. Yet flavors and qi fully contain Metal-Water. Thus, it can transform the turbidity of Fire-Earth. Through the transformation of Metal-Water, while form and substance do not depart from Fire-Earth. It can then undergo transformation based on the essence and micro-nutrients of Yin. Its qi is sparse, free, and smooth. As Danxi said: light and ascending. Used to treat depression and failure to ascend. This speaks of the circulation of blood. Due to the governance of qi. Blood stasis cannot exist without smoothing qi.) Generally, the transformation of Yin and Yang qi. Cannot occur without relying on ascending and descending. What ascends must also descend. Observing its removal of phlegm-blood collaterals from the Heart Meridian. Gathering and combining with Pericardium and stomach blood-heat toxins. Upwards to head and face. Downwards to urination and defecation. How can this be only ascending without descending? Regarding Jiegu's theory of pure Yin. It should not be entirely true. Why? The transformation of Yang by this herb is actually its Yin essence and micro-nutrients. It certainly does not rely on pungent dispersion for its function. Nor can it be a pure Yin herb that fails to transform. Achieving effects in the upper and lower parts. Miao Shi said: For Yin deficiency with flaming fire. Thin blood overflowing upwards. Unless caused by qi rebellion injuring the liver leading to vomiting. It is not suitable for use. Even if used, it is ineffective.
[Differentiation and Treatment] Yu Jin and *Curcuma longa* are truly different species. Yu Jin tastes bitter and cold. Color red, resembling cicada belly, round and pointed. *Curcuma longa* tastes pungent and warm. Color yellow, resembling ginger melon, round and large. However, Yu Jin is rare, while *Curcuma longa* is common. Market dealers deceive people. Claiming they are originally one substance. Pointing to larger ones as *Curcuma longa*. Smaller ones as Yu Jin. This must be examined carefully. If genuine Yu Jin is hard to obtain. Camellia flower ash (preserved nature) can be collected. Ground fine and mixed for administration as a substitute. (Jiamo) Place in raw chicken blood