泻心汤，咳逆便秘者，大承气汤下之；便软者，泻心汤主之。
黄连（一两）
上为末，水调二、三分，量病患大小与之。（《医林集要》）（按∶此方本出钱氏，治心气实。）
驱饮诸方 哕不止，半夏洗干末之，服一匕则立止。（《肘后》）
水寒相搏者，小青龙汤，寒甚加附子尖。（《统旨》）（按∶此本于《正传》引《丹溪活套》。）
一妇患时疫，饮水过多，心下坚痞，咳逆倚息，短气不卧，汤药不下，诸药靡效。作停饮治之，进以五苓散
一剂而安。（《大还》）
利气诸方 《广济》疗呕哕不止，橘皮汤方。
橘皮（一升） 生姜（八两） 甘草（二两炙） 枇杷叶（四两拭毛蜜炙）
上四味切，以水五升，煮取二升五合，绞去滓，分温三服，每服相去如人行六、七里。（《外台》）
治寒气攻胃，咳 方。
草豆蔻 益智子（各一两） 干柿（二两）
上件药捣筛为散，每服三钱，以水一中盏，入生姜半分，煎至五分，去滓热服。（《圣惠》）
咳逆方，苏合香丸，用丁香、柿蒂煎汤调下。（《直指》）
木香调气散，中焦呃逆者，此方主之。（《方考》）
（按∶即《和剂》匀气散方，见《诸气》中。）
袁氏子，五岁，咳 。一医治之，五日不退云云。愚用木香、肉豆蔻（名香南散）浓煎热服半盏，放手即定。
主人曰∶何效之速也？愚曰∶木香顺气，肉豆蔻治逆，热服去寒，所以立效也。（《全婴方论》）
吐下方 一女子年逾笄，性躁味浓，暑月因大怒而呃作。每作则举身跳动，神昏不知人。问之乃知暴病，
视其形气俱实。遂以人参芦煎汤，饮一大碗，吐顽痰数碗，大汗，昏睡一日而安。（《格致余论》）（按∶《纲
目》载此按更详，曰∶此膈上有痰逆，为怒气所郁，痰热相搏，气不得降而逆，非吐则不可。又曰∶燥痰不出者，
用蜜水吐之。）
大柴胡汤，治地道不通，因而呃逆。（《汇补》）（宜参前诸说及瘀血条。）
奇治方 有人病后，呃逆不止，声闻邻家。或令取刀豆子，烧存性，白汤调服二钱，即止，此亦取其下
气归元而逆自止也。（《本草纲目》）（按∶《本草备要》曰∶胜于柿蒂。）
呃逆不止，荔枝七个，连皮核烧存性为末，白汤调下立止。（《医方摘要》）
外治方法 呃忒之候，经文谓之哕，其治以草刺鼻，得嚏则已，大惊之亦已。可见是病，由上气郁闭不通，
下气欲上而 格，则发声为呃。由气之抑，激而成声，故一法以泄气而通之，一法以夺气而降之也。（《医级》）
《灵》以草刺鼻嚏治呃。有病伤寒将愈，忽患呃逆。予与古人治呃逆之药殆遍，皆不愈。计出无药，遂用皂角
末吹入鼻中，得嚏而呃逆止。少时又呃，又与皂角末嚏而止者，凡数百次。其嚏时，出痰涕渐多，自是呃逆渐疏，
至二三日
而止。此是合经草刺鼻嚏之法，故书之。（《纲目》）
治寒气攻胃咳 方。
上用黑豆二合，于瓶子中，以热醋沃之，纸封，开一小孔子，令患人以口吸其气咽喉中，即定。（《圣惠》）
治呃逆，黄蜡烧烟，熏而咽之。寒者，用硫黄烧烟咽之。（《丹溪》）
灸法（见上）
泻心汤，适用于咳嗽气逆且伴有便秘的患者，用大承气汤攻下；若大便软溏者，则用泻心汤主治。
黄连（一两）
将上述药材研为细末，用水调服二至三分，根据患者年龄大小调整剂量。（出自《医林集要》）（按语：此方原本出自钱乙，用于治疗心气实证。）
祛痰饮各类方剂
呃逆不止，可用半夏洗净后烘干研成粉末，服用一匕（约2-3克），即可立即停止。（出自《肘后备急方》）
若是水寒之气相互搏结所致，用小青龙汤治疗，寒气重者加附子尖。（出自《统旨》）（按语：此法本于《正传》引用的《丹溪活套》。）
一位妇女患时行疫病，饮水过多，导致心下坚硬痞块，咳嗽气逆需倚靠呼吸，短气无法平卧，汤药无法咽下，各种药物均无效。将其作为停饮证治疗，给予五苓散，服用一剂后即见安宁。（出自《大还》）
理气各类方剂
《广济方》治疗呕吐呃逆不止的橘皮汤方。
橘皮（一升） 生姜（八两） 甘草（二两，炙） 枇杷叶（四两，拭去毛后用蜜炙）
将以上四味药材切碎，用水五升，煎煮取汁二升五合，过滤去除药渣，分三次温服，每次服药间隔时间相当于人行走六、七里路的时间。（出自《外台秘要》）
治疗寒气攻冲胃部引起的咳嗽气逆方。
草豆蔻 益智子（各一两） 干柿（二两）
将上述药材捣碎过筛制成散剂，每次服用三钱，用水一中盏，加入生姜半分，煎煮至五分水量，过滤去渣后热服。（出自《太平圣惠方》）
治疗咳嗽气逆方，使用苏合香丸，用丁香、柿蒂煎汤送服。（出自《直指方》）
木香调气散，适用于中焦呃逆者，以此方为主治。（出自《方考》）
（按语：即《和剂局方》中的匀气散方，详见《诸气》篇中。）
袁氏之子，五岁，出现咳嗽气逆。一位医生治疗他，五日未退，等等情况。我用木香、肉豆蔻（名为香南散）浓煎后热服半盏，放手（指放下或停止干预/或指患儿放松）即定。
主人问：为何见效如此迅速？我说：木香顺气，肉豆蔻治逆，热服以去寒，所以立即见效。（出自《全婴方论》）
催吐泻下方
一名女子年过十五，性情急躁口味浓厚，暑月因大怒而引发呃逆。每次发作时全身跳动，神志昏迷不知人事。询问后才知是暴病，观察其形体与正气皆属实证。于是用人参芦头煎汤，让患者饮用一大碗，吐出顽痰数碗，大汗出，昏睡一日后安宁。（出自《格致余论》）（按语：《本草纲目》记载此按语更详细，说：这是膈上有痰逆，被怒气所郁结，痰热相搏，气不得下降而逆上，非吐不可。又说：燥痰不出者，用蜜水催吐。）
大柴胡汤，治疗大便不通因而导致的呃逆。（出自《汇补》）（宜参考前述各种说法及瘀血条。）
奇特治疗方法
有人病后，呃逆不止，声音传到邻居家。有人令其取刀豆子，烧至存性，用白开水调服二钱，即停止，这也是取其下气归元从而使呃逆自止的意思。（出自《本草纲目》）（按语：《本草备要》说：比柿蒂效果更好。）
呃逆不止，用荔枝七个，连皮核烧至存性研成粉末，用白开水调服，立即停止。（出自《医方摘要》）
外治方法
呃忒的症状，经文称为哕，其治疗方法是用草刺鼻，引起喷嚏即可痊愈，大惊吓也可使其痊愈。可见此病，是由于上气郁闭不通，下气欲上而受格拒，从而发出呃声。由于气的抑制，激荡而成声，所以一种方法是泄气而通之，另一种方法是夺气而降之。（出自《医级》）
《灵枢》用草刺鼻引起喷嚏来治疗呃逆。有患伤寒即将痊愈时，忽然患呃逆。我试遍了古人治疗呃逆的药物，都未治愈。计策穷尽无药可用，于是用皂角末吹入鼻中，引起喷嚏后呃逆停止。过了一会儿又呃逆，再次用皂角末引起喷嚏而停止，总共数百次。打喷嚏时，排出的痰涕逐渐增多，从此呃逆逐渐减少，到两三天后停止。这是符合经文中草刺鼻嚏的方法，所以记录下来。（出自《纲目》）
治疗寒气攻冲胃部咳嗽气逆方。
用黑豆二合，在瓶子中，用热醋浇灌，用纸封住，开一个小孔，让患者用口吸入气体至咽喉中，即定。（出自《太平圣惠方》）
治疗呃逆，用黄蜡燃烧烟雾，熏蒸并吞咽。属寒者，用硫黄燃烧烟雾吞咽。（出自《丹溪心法》）
灸法（见上文）
Xie Xin Tang (Drain the Epigastrium Decoction) is indicated for patients with cough and rebellious Qi accompanied by constipation; Da Cheng Qi Tang (Major Order the Yellow Decoction) should be used to purge them. If the stool is soft, Xie Xin Tang (Drain the Epigastrium Decoction) is the primary treatment.
Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连) (1 liang).
Grind the above into powder, mix with water to take 2-3 fen, adjusting the dose according to the patient's age and size. (From *Yi Lin Ji Yao* / Collection of Medical Forests) [Note: This formula originally comes from Qian Yi, treating excess Heart Qi.]
Formulas for Expelling Fluid Retention
For intractable hiccups, use Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) washed and dried, ground into powder. Take one bi (approx. 2-3g), and it will stop immediately. (From *Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang* / Emergency Prescriptions Kept Up One's Sleeve)
If caused by the binding of cold and water, treat with Xiao Qing Long Tang (Minor Green Dragon Decoction); if the cold is severe, add the tips of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子). (From *Tong Zhi*) [Note: This originates from *Zheng Zhuan* citing *Dan Xi Huo Tao*.]
A woman suffered from an epidemic disease, drank too much water, resulting in hardness and fullness below the heart, cough with rebellious Qi requiring leaning to breathe, shortness of breath preventing lying flat, inability to swallow medicines, and ineffectiveness of various drugs. Treating it as fluid retention, she was given Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria), and felt at ease after one dose. (From *Da Huan*)
Formulas for Promoting Qi Flow
*Guang Ji Fang* treats persistent vomiting and hiccups with Ju Pi Tang (Tangerine Peel Decoction).
Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮) (1 sheng)
Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) (8 liang)
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (2 liang, honey-fried)
Loquat Folium (Pipaye, 枇杷叶) (4 liang, brushed clean of hairs and honey-fried)
Cut the above four ingredients, boil in 5 sheng of water to obtain 2.5 sheng, strain to remove dregs, divide into three warm doses. The interval between each dose should be equivalent to the time a person walks 6-7 li. (From *Wai Tai Mi Yao* / Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet)
Formula for treating cough and rebellious Qi caused by cold qi attacking the stomach.
Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen (Caodoukou, 草豆蔻)
Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus (Yizhiren, 益智子) (each 1 liang)
Dried Persimmon (Ganshi, 干柿) (2 liang)
Pound and sieve the above ingredients into a powder. Take 3 qian per dose, with one zhong of water and half a fen of fresh ginger, decoct until 0.5 zhong remains, strain, and take hot. (From *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* / Holy惠民 Formulas of the Taiping Era)
Formula for cough and rebellious Qi: Su He Xiang Wan (Styrax Pill), taken with decoction of Sabiae Semen (Dingxiang, 丁香) and Diospyros Fructus (Shidi, 柿蒂). (From *Zhi Zhi Fang* / Directing Truths Formulas)
Mu Xiang Tiao Qi San (Costus Regulating Qi Powder) is the primary treatment for middle jiao hiccups. (From *Fang Kao*) [Note: This is the Yun Qi San (Uniform Qi Powder) from *He Ji Ju Fang*, see under "Various Qi".]
The son of Mr. Yuan, five years old, had cough and rebellious Qi. A physician treated him for five days without improvement... I used Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix) and Rou Dou Kou (Myristicae Semen) (named Xiang Nan San), decocted strongly and taken hot, half a zhong. Upon letting go (relaxing), it settled.
The host asked: Why is the effect so rapid? I said: Mu Xiang smooths Qi, Rou Dou Kou treats rebellion, taking it hot dispels cold, hence the immediate effect. (From *Quan Ying Fang Lun* / Discussion on Infant Formulas)
Formulas for Vomiting and Purging
A girl over fifteen years old, with an irritable temperament and rich diet, developed hiccups due to great anger in summer. Each episode involved whole-body trembling and unconsciousness. Inquiry revealed an acute illness. Observing that both her form and Zheng Qi were excess, I decocted Ren Shen Lu (Ginseng Stalk) in water, had her drink a large bowl, vomited several bowls of stubborn phlegm, sweated profusely, slept for a day, and then recovered. (From *Ge Zhi Yu Lun* / Remaining Thoughts on Investigation of Things) [Note: *Ben Cao Gang Mu* records this note more detailedly, stating: This is phlegm-rebellion above the diaphragm, constrained by anger, phlegm-heat binding, Qi unable to descend and rebelling; only vomiting can resolve it. It also states: For dry phlegm that cannot be expelled, use honey-water to induce vomiting.]
Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) treats hiccups caused by the obstruction of the "earthly pathway" (bowel movement). (From *Hui Bu*) [Refer to previous discussions and the section on Blood Stasis.]
Unusual Treatments
Someone suffered intractable hiccups after illness, audible to neighbors. Someone suggested taking Dou Zi (Knife Bean), burning it to preserve its nature, mixing with plain water, taking 2 qian, which stopped it. This works by descending Qi and returning it to its origin, thus stopping the rebellion. (From *Ben Cao Gang Mu* / Compendium of Materia Medica) [Note: *Ben Cao Bei Yao* says: It is superior to Shi Di.]
For intractable hiccups, take seven Lychees, burn the skin and seed to preserve their nature, grind into powder, take with plain water, and it stops immediately. (From *Yi Fang Jiang Yao* / Summary of Medical Formulas)
External Treatment Methods
The condition of hiccup, referred to as Yue in classics, is treated by pricking the nose with grass to induce sneezing, which cures it; sudden fright also cures it. This shows the disease arises from upper Qi stagnation and blockage, lower Qi attempting to ascend but being rejected, producing sound. Due to Qi suppression, agitation creates sound. Thus, one method vents Qi to unblock it, another deprives Qi to descend it. (From *Yi Ji*)
*Ling Shu* uses grass-pricking-the-nose-to-induce-sneezing to treat hiccups. A patient recovering from Cold Damage suddenly developed hiccups. I tried almost all ancient formulas for hiccups without success. With no other medicine left, I blew Rhizoma Belamcandae (Zao Jiao, 皂角) powder into the nose, inducing sneezing, which stopped the hiccups. When they recurred, I repeated this hundreds of times. During sneezing, phlegm and nasal discharge increased gradually, and hiccups became less frequent, stopping completely after two or three days. This conforms to the classic method of grass-pricking-the-nose-to-induce-sneezing, so I recorded it. (From *Gang Mu*)
Formula for treating cough and rebellious Qi caused by cold qi attacking the stomach.
Take 2 he of black beans, put in a bottle, pour hot vinegar over them, seal with paper, make a small hole, and let the patient inhale the vapor into the throat, which settles it. (From *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* / Holy惠民 Formulas of the Taiping Era)
To treat hiccups, burn Huang La (Yellow Beeswax) to produce smoke, fumigate and swallow it. For cold types, burn Liu Huang (Sulfur) smoke and swallow it. (From *Dan Xi Xin Fa* / New Methods of Danxi)
Moxibustion (See above)