汗血 汗血候∶肝藏血，心之液为汗。言肝心俱伤于邪，故血从肤腠而出也。（《病源论》）（按∶
又《虚劳吐下血候》曰∶表虚者则汗血。）
病者汗出，正赤污衣，名曰汗血。皆由大喜伤心，喜则气散，血随气行，妇人产蓐多有此证。（《三因》）
草汁，治产妇大喜汗出，污衣赤色，及膏淋尿血。
草（不拘多少）
上捣取汁二升，醋二合和，空腹饮一杯，或浓煮汁饮，亦治淋沥尿血。（同上）
黄 建中汤，治血汗出污衣，甚如坏染，皆由大喜伤心，喜则气散，血随气行故也。体虚者，宜服此。
（《医林集要》）
肌衄 治血自皮肤间溅出。
以煮酒瓶上纸，碎 如杨花，用手捏在出血处，立止。（《是斋》）
毛窍节次出血，若血不出，皮胀膨如鼓，须臾眼鼻口俱被气胀合，此名脉溢，饮生姜汗水各半，二盏即愈。
（《经验良方》）
一妇人，三阴交无故出血如射，将绝，以手按其窍，缚以布条，昏仆不知人事，以人参一两煎，灌之愈。
（《类案》）
血从毛孔出，名曰肌衄。人中白不拘多少，瓦上用火逼干，研令极细，每服二钱，入麝少许，温酒下，外以
发灰遏之。未效，郁金末水调，鹅羽扫之，即愈。（《六要》）
肌衄，宜当归六黄汤主之，外用男胎发烧灰罨之，立
效。（《保命歌括》）
血箭 出于心经，火盛逼血从毛窍出也。血痣，由于肝经怒火郁结，其形初起色红如痔，渐大如豆，
揩之血流。治血箭，以桃花散（按∶用锻石同大黄炒，去大黄筛细）凉水调敷，或金墨涂搽自去。血痣须用冰蛳
散（按∶用田螺、白砒、冰片、 砂）枯去本痔，以珍珠散搽之（按∶用青杠花、珍珠、真轻粉），生皮乃
愈。血甚者，内服凉血地黄汤，兼戒口味，始痊。（《外科正宗》）
凉血地黄汤，治血箭血痣，内热甚而逼血妄行，出血如飞者。
黄连 当归 生地 山栀 玄参 甘草（各等分）
水二钟，煎八分，量病上下服之。（同上）
搔痒血出 顷有一人，指缝中因瘙痒，遂成疮，有一小窍，血溅出不止。用止血药及血竭之类亦无效，
数日遂不起。后有一人，于耳后发际瘙痒，亦有一小窍出血，与前相似，人亦无识者。适有一道人，言此名发
泉，但用多年粪桶箍，晒干烧灰，敷之当愈，果如其言。使前指缝血出者遇此，亦必愈。（《医说》）
糊心寺僧履师者，一日偶搔 中疥，忽自出血， 如涌泉，竟日不止。疡医治疗弗验，邀翁往视。履时
已困极，无气可语。及持其脉，惟尺部如蛛丝，他部皆无。即告之曰∶夫脉，血气之充也。今血妄溢，故荣气
暴衰。然两尺尚可按，惟当益营以泻其阴火。乃作四神汤（按∶此方见《元戎》，用当归、川芎、芍药、干姜）
加荆芥、防风，不问晨夜并进，明日脉渐出，更服十全大补一剂，遂痊。（《医史·沧洲翁传》）
或偶触破伤，血遂泉涌不止，惟用十全大补汤，频频多服。外用杏仁研细，拌白面，水调涂之。（《医通》）
遍身忽皮底混混如波浪声，痒不可忍，抓之血出不能解，谓之气奔。以人参、苦杖、青盐、白术、细辛各一两为末，
水二碗，煎十余沸，去滓饮尽，便愈。（《经验良方》）（按∶《得效》无白术及为末二字。）
针灸疮血出 夫针灸皆是节穴俞募之处，若病甚则风气冲击于疮。凡血与气相随而行，故风乘于气而动
于血，血从灸疮处出。气盛则血不止，名为发洪。（《病源论》）
治针灸疮血出不止方。
烧人屎灰以敷之。（《千金》）
又方。
死蜣螂末，猪脂涂之。（同上）
治灸疮血不止，葱白涂敷方。
葱白（一握）
上一味研绞取汁，涂敷疮上，日三五度。（《圣济》）
人有灸火至五壮，血出一缕，急如溺，手冷欲绝。以酒炒黄芩一、二钱，酒下则止。（《类案》）
脐中流血 人有脐中流血者，其血不十分多，夹水流出，乃大小肠之火齐旺，必两相争斗。其所以动
火，以肾经干燥无水以润之，仍须以治肾为主。方用两止汤，熟地三两，山茱萸一两，麦冬一两，北五味五钱，
白术五钱，水煎服。此证用障脐汤亦甚神，大黄五分，当归、生地各一两，地榆三钱，水煎服。（《辩证录》）
汗血的症状：肝主藏血，心之液为汗。这是说肝和心都受到邪气损伤，所以血液从皮肤腠理中渗出。（《诸病源候论》）（按语：另外《虚劳吐下血候》中说：表虚的人会出现汗血。）
患者出汗，汗水呈正红色弄脏衣服，这叫做“汗血”。这都是因为大喜伤心，喜则气散，血随着气运行而外溢，妇女在产后坐月子期间多有这种证候。（《三因极一病证方论》）
用[某]草的汁液，治疗产妇因大喜导致的出汗、衣服染红，以及膏淋、尿血。
取[某]草（数量不限）
以上捣碎取汁二升，加入醋二合混合，空腹饮用一杯；或者将汁液浓煮后饮用，也能治疗淋沥不尽和尿血。（同上书）
黄芪建中汤，治疗血汗渗出弄脏衣服，严重得像被染料染坏一样，这都是因为大喜伤心，喜则气散，血随气行所致。身体虚弱的人，适宜服用此方。（《医林集要》）
肌衄：治疗血液从皮肤间溅出。
用煮过酒的瓶口上的纸，撕碎如杨花状，用手捏住敷在出血处，立即止血。（《是斋百一选方》）
毛孔依次出血，如果血排不出来，皮肤膨胀像鼓一样，一会儿眼睛、鼻子、嘴巴都被气胀得闭合，这叫做“脉溢”，饮用生姜汁和汗水各半，两盏即可痊愈。（《经验良方》）
有一位妇人，三阴交穴无故出血如喷射状，生命垂危，用手按住出血孔，用布条捆扎，昏迷不省人事，用人参一两煎汤灌服，得以痊愈。（《古今医案按》）
血液从毛孔渗出，叫做“肌衄”。人中白（不拘多少），在瓦上用火烤干，研磨成极细粉末，每次服用二钱，加入少许麝香，用温酒送服，外用头发灰堵塞止血。如果无效，用郁金末调水，用鹅毛扫涂患处，即可痊愈。（《医学六要》）
肌衄，适宜用当归六黄汤为主治疗，外用男胎发烧过的灰烬敷贴，立即见效。（《保命歌括》）
血箭：出于心经，火气旺盛逼迫血液从毛孔渗出。血痣，由于肝经怒火郁结，初起时颜色红如痔疮，逐渐变大如豆粒，摩擦后流血。治疗血箭，用桃花散（按语：用煅石同大黄炒，去掉大黄筛细粉），凉水调敷，或者用金墨涂抹擦试，自然脱落。血痣必须用冰蛳散（按语：用田螺、白砒、冰片、硇砂）枯蚀去除原本的痔体，然后用珍珠散搽抹（按语：用青杠花、珍珠、真轻粉），新皮生长才算痊愈。出血严重的，内服凉血地黄汤，同时忌口，才能痊愈。（《外科正宗》）
凉血地黄汤，治疗血箭、血痣，内热甚盛逼迫血液妄行，出血如飞射者。
黄连、当归、生地、山栀、玄参、甘草（各等分）
水两钟，煎至八分，根据病位上下调整服用量。（同上书）
搔痒出血：不久前有一人，手指缝中因瘙痒，于是形成疮疡，有一个小孔，血液溅出不止。使用止血药及血竭之类也无效，数日后便死亡。后来有一人，耳后发际处瘙痒，也有一个小孔出血，与前例相似，人们也不认识此病。恰好有一位道人，说这名叫“发泉”，只用多年的粪桶箍，晒干烧成灰，敷上应当痊愈，果然如其所言。假如前面那个手指缝出血的人遇到这个方法，也一定会痊愈。（《医说》）
糊心寺僧人履师，一天偶然抓挠身上的疥疮，忽然自行出血，涌出如泉水，整天不止。外科医生治疗无效，邀请翁（指翁仲仁）前往诊治。当时履师已经困倦至极，没有力气说话。等到把脉，只有尺部脉搏如蛛丝般微弱，其他部位都没有脉搏。随即告诉他说：脉象，是气血充盈的表现。现在血液妄行溢出，所以营气突然衰败。然而两尺脉还能摸到，只应当补益营血以泻其阴火。于是配制四神汤（按语：此方见《儒门事亲·原病式》，用当归、川芎、芍药、干姜），加入荆芥、防风，不分早晚连续服用，第二天脉搏逐渐显现，再服用一剂十全大补汤，于是痊愈。（《元史·方技传·翁仲仁传》）
或者是偶然触碰导致破伤，血液如泉水涌出不止，只需用十全大补汤，频繁多服。外用杏仁研细，拌入白面，用水调匀涂敷。（《医学入门》）
遍身忽然皮下发出混混如波浪的声音，瘙痒难忍，抓挠后出血也不能缓解，这叫做“气奔”。用人参、苦杖（即黄药子）、青盐、白术、细辛各一两作为粉末，水两碗，煎煮十余沸，去渣饮尽，便痊愈。（《经验良方》）（按语：《太平惠民和剂局方·得效方》中没有白术及“为末”二字。）
针灸疮出血：凡是针灸都是选取节、穴、俞、募之处，如果病情严重，风气冲击疮口。凡血与气相随而行，所以风乘于气而动于血，血液从灸疮处流出。气盛则血不止，这叫做“发洪”。（《诸病源候论》）
治疗针灸疮出血不止的方子。
烧人屎灰敷在患处。（《千金方》）
又一方。
死蜣螂（屎壳郎）粉末，用猪脂涂抹。（同上书）
治疗灸疮血不止，葱白涂敷方。
葱白（一把）
以上一味药研绞取汁，涂敷在疮上，每天三到五次。（《圣济总录》）
有人艾灸火达到五壮，流出一缕血，急迫如同小便失禁，手脚冰冷几乎断绝。用酒炒黄芩一两或二钱，酒送下则止血。（《古今医案按》）
脐中流血：有人肚脐中流血，血量不是特别多，夹杂水分流出，这是大小肠的火气齐旺，必然相互争斗。之所以动火，是因为肾经干燥无水来滋润，仍然必须以治肾为主。方剂用两止汤，熟地三两，山茱萸一两，麦冬一两，北五味子五钱，白术五钱，水煎服。此证使用障脐汤也非常神奇，大黄五分，当归、生地各一两，地榆三钱，水煎服。（《辨证录》）
Translation of the sweat-blood syndrome: The Liver stores blood, and the fluid of the Heart is sweat. This indicates that both the Liver and the Heart are injured by pathogenic factors, causing blood to exude from the skin and interstices (skin pores). (*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun*) [Note: Additionally, *Xulao Tuxia Xue Hou* states: Those with exterior deficiency may experience sweat-blood.]
The patient sweats, and the sweat is bright red, staining the clothes; this is called "sweat-blood" (Hanxue). This is caused by excessive joy injuring the Heart; joy causes Qi to scatter, and blood follows Qi in its movement. Women during the postpartum confinement period often present with this syndrome. (*Sanyin Fang*)
Juice of [Herb Name], treats postpartum women who sweat due to excessive joy, staining clothes red, as well as膏淋 (Gao Lin - milky urine) and hematuria.
Take [Herb Name] (amount not restricted).
Crush and extract two sheng of juice, mix with two he of vinegar, drink one cup on an empty stomach; or boil the juice thickly and drink it. It also treats dribbling urination and hematuria. (Ibid.)
Huangqi Jianzhong Tang (Astragalus Decoction to Establish the Middle), treats blood sweating that stains clothes, severe cases resembling dyed fabric. This is caused by excessive joy injuring the Heart, causing Qi to scatter and blood to follow Qi. Those with a weak constitution should take this formula. (*Yilin Jiyao*)
Jinu (Muscular Ecchymosis): Treats blood splattering from between the skin layers.
Use the paper from the mouth of a wine bottle after boiling, tear it into pieces like willow catkins, press it onto the bleeding site with hand, and the bleeding stops immediately. (*Shizhai Baixuan*)
Hair follicles bleed sequentially. If the blood does not exit, the skin swells like a drum, and within moments the eyes, nose, and mouth close due to Qi distension. This is called "Maiyi" (Vessel Overflow). Drink half ginger juice and half sweat, two cups, and it will heal. (*Jingyan Liangfang*)
A woman had spontaneous bleeding from the Sanyinjiao (SP6) acupoint like a spray, nearly dying. She pressed the hole with her hand and bound it with cloth, fell into unconsciousness. She was treated by decocting one liang of Renshen (Ginseng) and forcing it down her throat, resulting in recovery. (*Leian*)
Blood exuding from hair follicles is called "Jinu" (Muscular Ecchymosis). Renzhongbai (Calcinis Os Femoris), amount unrestricted, dried over fire on a tile, ground to fine powder. Take two qian per dose, add a little Shexiang (Musk), swallow with warm wine. Externally, apply Fa Hui (Ash of Hair) to stop bleeding. If ineffective, use Yujin (Curcuma Longa) powder mixed with water, sweep onto the area with a goose feather, and it heals. (*Yixue Liuyao*)
For Jinu (Muscular Ecchymosis), Danggui Liu Huang Tang (Angelica Sinensis and Rehmannia Six-Huang Decoction) is indicated as the main treatment. Externally, apply ash from burning male fetal remains; immediate effect is seen. (*Baoming Ge Kuo*)
Xuejian (Blood Arrow): Originates from the Heart Meridian, where excess Fire forces blood out through hair follicles. Xuezhi (Blood Nevus) is due to Fire-anger stagnation in the Liver Meridian. Initially red like a hemorrhoid, gradually enlarging to the size of a bean, bleeding upon rubbing. To treat Xuejian, use Taohua San (Peach Blossom Powder) [Note: Made by stir-frying Duan Shi (Calcined Alumen) with Dahuang (Rhubarb), removing Rhubarb, and sifting fine], mixed with cool water for application, or apply Jin Mo (Gold Ink); it will naturally fall off. For Xuezhi, Bing Si San (Ice Snail Powder) [Note: Made from Tianluo (River Snail), Baipi (White Arsenic), Bingpian (Borneol), Naosha (Sal Ammoniac)] is used to cauterize the original nevus, then apply Zhenzhu San (Pearl Powder) [Note: Made from Qingganghua (Oak Gall), Zhenzhu (Pearl), Zhen Qingfen (Pure Calomel)] until new skin grows, indicating cure. For severe bleeding, internally take Liangxue Dihuang Tang (Cool Blood and Rehmannia Decoction), observe dietary restrictions, and recover. (*Waike Zhengzong*)
Liangxue Dihuang Tang (Cool Blood and Rehmannia Decoction), treats Xuejian and Xuezhi, where internal heat is severe, forcing blood to run wild, bleeding rapidly.
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (equal parts).
Two zhong of water, decoct to eight fen. Administer according to the location of the disease (upper or lower body). (Ibid.)
Itching with Bleeding: Recently, a person developed a sore in the finger web space due to itching, with a small pore from which blood splattered continuously. Hemostatic drugs and Xuexie (Draconis Sanguis) were ineffective, and the patient died after several days. Later, another person had a similar small pore bleeding behind the ear hairline, unrecognized by others. A Daoist priest appeared, stating this is called "Faquan" (Hair Spring). Using the hoop of a manure bucket aged for many years, dried and burnt to ash, applied externally, would cure it. Indeed, it worked. Had the first patient encountered this, he too would have recovered. (*Yishuo*)
Monk Lvshi of Huxin Temple, while scratching scabies, suddenly began bleeding spontaneously, gushing like a spring, continuing all day. Surgeons failed to treat it, so Weng (referring to Weng Zhongren) was invited. Lvshi was extremely exhausted, unable to speak. Pulse taking revealed only the Chi (Kidney) position pulse faint as a spider's thread, other positions absent. Weng said: The pulse reflects the fullness of Qi and Blood. Now blood leaks wildly, causing sudden decline of Ying (Nutritive) Qi. However, the Chi pulses are still palpable. One must tonify Ying Qi to drain Yin Fire. Thus, Simshen Tang (Four-God Decoction) [Note: From *Renong*, using Danggui, Chuanxiong, Shaoyao, Ganjiang] was prepared, adding Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba) and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), administered continuously day and night. The next day, the pulse gradually appeared. Another dose of Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Thousand Complete Tonifying Decoction) was taken, leading to recovery. (*Yuanshi · Zhongzhou Weng Zhuan*)
If accidental injury causes bleeding like a spring, frequently administer large doses of Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Thousand Complete Tonifying Decoction). Externally, grind Xingren (Prunus Armeniaca Semen) fine, mix with white flour, dilute with water, and apply. (*Yitong*)
Suddenly, a wave-like sound is heard under the skin all over the body, unbearable itching, bleeding upon scratching provides no relief. This is called "Qiben" (Qi Rushing). Use Renshen (Ginseng), Ku Zhang (Dioscoreae Bulbillum), Qingyan (Halitum), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), each one liang, ground to powder. Two bowls of water, boil ten times, remove dregs, drink completely, and it heals. (*Jingyan Liangfang*) [Note: *Defang* lacks Baizhu and "ground to powder".]
Acupuncture/Moxibustion Wound Bleeding: Acupuncture and moxibustion target Jie (nodes), Xue (acupoints), Shu (transport), and Mu (alarm) points. If the disease is severe, Wind Qi attacks the wound. Blood and Qi travel together; thus, Wind moves Qi and agitates Blood, causing blood to flow from the moxa wound. If Qi is excessive, bleeding does not stop, called "Fahong" (Erupting Flood). (*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun*)
Formula to treat continuous bleeding from acupuncture/moxibustion wounds.
Burn human feces to ash and apply. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Another formula.
Powder of dead Qianglang (Scarab Beetle), smear with Zhu Zhi (Porcine Fat). (Ibid.)
Formula for moxa wound bleeding using Cong Bai (Scallion White).
Cong Bai (one handful).
Grind and squeeze this single herb to extract juice, apply to the wound, three to five times daily. (*Shengji Zonglu*)
A person received five moxa cones, a stream of blood flowed out urgently like urination, hands and feet cold as if severed. One or two qian of Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) fried in wine, taken with wine, stopped the bleeding. (*Leian*)
Umbilical Bleeding: Some people bleed from the umbilicus. The blood is not excessive but flows mixed with water. This is due to simultaneous flourishing of Fire in the Large Intestine and Small Intestine, leading to mutual conflict. The cause of moving Fire is dryness of the Kidney Meridian lacking Water to moisten it. Treatment must focus on the Kidneys. Formula: Liangzhi Tang (Two-Stopping Decoction). Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) three liang, Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus) one liang, Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) one liang, Bei Wuwei Zi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) five qian, Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) five qian. Decoct in water and take. For this condition, Zhangqi Tang (Umbilical Barrier Decoction) is also miraculous: Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) five fen, Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix) one liang each, Diyü (Sanguisorbae Radix) three qian. Decoct in water and take. (*Bianzheng Lu*)