(5)增液承气汤：此治里实证兼津液不足之方．
小承气汤方第七十五
[方义]
此排除肠胃积滞较轻之剂(偏重在胀满方面)。
[主治]
阳明病，肠胃积滞，腹部胀满，拒按，大便不利，但没有舌苔芒刺等燥热较重之证。
[药品]
大黄一至三钱 厚朴二至三钱 枳：二至三钱
[煎服法]
水二茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服．
[用药大意]
厚朴消胀，枳实导滞，大黄通便。
[禁忌证]
(1)腹胀满，不敢服冷性饮食者忌之。此系寒证之胀满，不宜用大黄。
(2)腹不胀满，但大便不利者，亦不宜用。此以通便为主，厚朴、枳实没有使用的必要。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)大承气汤：此荡涤肠胃之重剂。腹胀满拒按、大便燥结者宜之。
(2)调胃承气汤：此荡涤肠胃之轻剂，大便燥结、腹不胀满者宜之。
(3)厚朴三物汤：此治腹痛大便闭之方。
(4)厚朴大黄汤：此治胃中燥热逼水饮上逆之支饮胸满的方剂。
(5)厚朴生姜半夏甘草人参汤：此治虚证胀满之方。
调胃承气汤方第七十六
[方义]
此清除胃肠燥热或兼食滞之轻下剂(偏重燥热方面)。
[主治]
阳明病胃肠燥热或兼食滞之轻证．其症或谵语，或汗后恶热，或胃小烦热，或胃中痛等。但须从大便燥结或胃部拒按、脉沉有力等须要轻下之证加以注意，方能确当。
[药品]
大黄一至二钱 炙草一至二钱
芒硝一钱至钱半
[煎服法]
水二茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服。
[用药大意]
大黄、芒硝通其燥结之粪便，炙草补中，以缓和之，防其苦寒伤胃。
[禁忌证]
(1)胃部喜按或脉沉迟无力之大便不通者忌之。因此系虚寒之证。不适于硝黄之攻下。
(2)大便不通兼腹胀满拒按者不宜用。因本方没有治疗胀满的药品。
(3)大便不通，腹胀满拒按，更兼舌苔黄黑干燥芒刺，譫语，神昏等者，更不宜用。因杯水车薪，不能胜任。
(4)兼有表寒证昔不可用。因此系攻里之方。误用之易使外邪内陷。
按：此证应先解表再用本方，或于本方中加解表药品。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)理中加大黄汤：此治肠胃虚寒兼大便不通之方。
(2)小承气汤：此治大便不通兼有腹胀满之方。
(3)大承气汤：此治大便燥结兼有谵语神昏、舌苔芒刺之证的方剂。
桃仁承气汤方第七十七
[方义]
此泻热祛瘀兼散表寒之方。
[主治]
蓄血证，热结膀胱，其人如狂，少腹急结。但必须具有小便自利、大便不利、身有微热或不喜冷性饮食等症。
按：此方对于昼日明了、暮则谵语之蓄血证有效。对于缠绵不愈的牙疼证，去桂枝加生地、丹皮也有效。
[药品]
桃仁二至三钱 大黄一至三钱 桂枝一至二钱 炙草一钱至钱半 芒硝一至二钱
[煎服法]
水一茶杯半，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服。
[用药大意]
桃仁和硝、黄以攻其少腹之急结；桂枝以散其形成急结的外寒；炙草补中以固其根本。
[禁忌证]
本证兼有太阳恶寒无汗之表证者不可服。有口渴喜冷之内热证者，桂枝必不可用。
[类似方剂参考]
抵当汤：此治蓄血之偏于清热之方。
猪苓汤方第七十八
[方义]
此滋阴清热利水之方。
[主治]
少阴病，阴虚有热，水邪停蓄，或下利咳呕，心烦不眠。但都必须具有小便不利、口渴、喜冷性饮食等症。
[药品]
猪苓 茯苓 阿胶 泽泻 滑石各等份(一至二钱)
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，温服。
[用药大意]
猪苓、茯苓、滑石、泽泻利水清热，阿胶滋阴。
[禁忌证]
(1)阳明病，发热，汗出多，口渴，喜冷饮，小便不利者，不可服之。因为此是热甚伤津之证，恐重伤其津液也。
(2)不喜冷饮的小便不利，虽系水邪停蓄，也不可用。因为此系阳虚有寒，水邪不化之证，用之阳愈虚，水愈不化也。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)人参白虎汤：此治热盛伤津之口大渴、小便少的方剂。
(2)五苓散：此通阳散寒利水之方。
(3)猪肤汤：此治下利心烦咽痛，偏重滋阴之方。
蜜煎导方第七十九
[方义]
此外用通便之方。
按：现在用灌肠法，此方已少使用，但在偏僻地区无灌肠设备者，也可使用此方。
[主治]
大便燥结，急欲大便不得下。
[药品]
蜂蜜四钱
[制用法]
将蜂蜜用砂锅煎如饴状，稍冷(不可过冷，过冷则硬)，捏作锭，头锐，大如指，长二寸许，纳谷道中，移时粪便即能便出。
[用药大意]
蜂蜜有润燥之作用，故润大便之燥结。
[禁忌证]
没有急欲大便而不得下的现象则不必用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)新灌肠法：此是用灌肠器通便的科学方法。
(2)大承气汤：此治阳明燥热过甚，内服汤剂通便之方。
(3)麻仁丸：此润燥通便之法。
(4)猪胆汁导法：此有热者用之。
大猪胆汁并土瓜根导方第八十
[方义]
此清热润燥，外用通便之方。
[主治]
欲大便而不得出，有热证现象者。
[药品]
猪胆一枚
[用法]
在猪胆内加醋少许，用笔管根端插入肛门，一端插入胆囊内，用棉线扎紧，不让胆汁流在外面，用手捏之，使胆汁全部灌入肠中，十数分钟即能便下。现在使用灌肠器灌之，更为方便。
[用药大意]
猪胆汁有清热利便之作用。
[禁忌证]
本方并无禁忌的证候，无论热病后、产后均可使用，但有些热证现象，更为相宜。
[类似方剂参考]
蜜煎导法：此是润大便外治法，热证少者用之较宜。
麻子仁丸方第八十一
[方义]
此润燥、泄热、缓通大便之方。
[主治]
大便燥结小便频数，腹稍胀满，拒按，余热未尽。但没有谵语、神昏等热甚之表现。
[药品]
麻仁一至二两 生杭芍五钱至一两 大黄二至五钱 厚朴二至五钱 枳实二至五钱 杏仁五钱至一两(去皮尖)
[制服法]
上六味共为细末，炼蜜为丸，每丸二钱半至三钱重。每服一丸，开水送下，每日早晚各服一次。
[用药大意]
麻仁、杏仁润燥；枳实、厚朴导滞消胀；大黄通便泄热；芍药和肝，以疏通血脉。
[禁忌证]
大病后腹不拒按者，脉虚数者，不可用。因此证宜滋阴润燥，枳、朴、大黄绝不可用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)当归肉苁蓉汤：此治血液不足，腹不拒按，大便燥结之方。
(2)增液汤：此治热病后津液不足，腹不拒按，脉象虚数，大便燥结之方。
抵当丸方第八十二
[方义]
此是泻热祛瘀较缓之方。
[主治]
蓄血证，少腹满，小便利。但必须病势较轻，或时间较久，且兼有热证现象。
[药品]
水蛭一至三钱 虻虫(炒，去翅足)一至三钱 桃仁(去皮尖)一至三钱 大黄(酒洗)一钱至二钱半
[制服法]
上四味，共为细末，为蜜丸，三钱重。每服一九，空心开水送下。
[用药大意]
水蛭、虻虫，一飞一潜，均为祛瘀的要药；桃仁兼有生新的作用；大黄兼有泻热的作用。
[禁忌证]
少腹满，小便不利者，为水蓄证，不可用之。
[类似方剂参考]
抵当汤：此是泻热逐瘀之峻剂。
淮按：蓄血证深浅不同，治疗各异。如太阳病，脉不见微沉之象，其人如狂，少腹急结，是新瘀的表现，宜桃仁承气汤；如其脉沉微，其人发狂，少腹硬满，这是久瘀的现象，非抵当汤之峻不足以攻之。本条用抵当丸。除用较为缓和之剂型外，水蛭、虻虫之分量也较轻，对于抵当汤证而病情较为缓和的情况可以应用。(编者注：此条为李映淮所批注的按语。)
抵当汤方第八十三
[方义]
此泻热逐瘀较峻之方。
[主治]
蓄血证，或发狂，或如狂，或消谷善饥，或喜忘，或屎虽硬，大便反易，其色黑，或身黄。但必须具有少腹硬满、小便白利及内热等证。
[药品]
水蛭一至三钱 虻虫(去足翅) 一至三钱 桃仁(去皮尖)一至三钱 大黄(酒洗)一至三钱
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服。
[用药大意]
水蛭、虻虫逐瘀破血，桃仁生新祛瘀，大黄荡涤邪热。
[禁忌证]
少腹硬满，小便不利者，不可服。因为此是水蓄而非血蓄。
[类似方剂参考]
桃仁承气汤：此是治热结膀胱兼有表寒蓄血之方。
茵陈蒿汤第八十四
[方义]
此清热利湿，去积，治阳性黄疽之方。
[主治]
黄疸小便不利。必须兼有腹部拒按或大便不利之里证现象，和喜冷或口渴之热证现象。
[药品]
茵陈五钱至一两 栀子二：：至三钱 大黄一至二钱
[煎服法]
用水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服。
[用药大意]
茵陈清热利湿，为治黄疸的主药；栀子清热；大黄荡涤肠中积滞。
[禁忌证]
无腹部拒按或大便不利者，不可用；有表证者，也不可用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)麻黄连翘赤小豆汤：此治黄疸兼有表证之方。
(2)栀子柏皮汤：此治黄疸不兼表里证之方。
黄连阿胶汤方第八十五
[方义]
此滋阴泻火、养血安眠之方。
[主治]
心烦不得眠卧。但必须具有口苦、喜冷的火证现象及脉来虚数等阴虚、血虚现象。
[药品]
黄连一至二钱 黄芩一至二钱 生杭芍二至三钱 鸡子黄一至二枚 阿胶一至二钱
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，先煎芩、连、芍三昧，煎至一杯时，去滓，入阿胶溶化后，约多半茶杯，少冷，入鸡子黄温服。
[用药大意]
黄连、黄芩以泻心火；阿胶、鸡于黄以养心血；芍药以滋阴养血。阴血既足，火邪不扰，心神得安，睡眠自能如常。
[禁忌证]
不兼口苦、喜冷，脉不细数的失眠证，忌之。恐芩、连苦燥，伤阴伤胃也。
[类似方剂参考]
栀子豉汤：此是治虚烦不眠之方。
黄连汤方第八十六
[方义]
此调理上热下寒兼补虚之方(也就是治腹痛呕吐，寒证多热证少兼中气不足之方)。
[主治]
腹痛呕吐。但必须具有口苦、不能食冷性饮食、腹部喜按、脉象沉迟无力等表现。
[药品]
黄连一钱至钱半 炙草五分至一钱 干姜一钱至钱半桂枝一钱至钱半 人参五分至一钱 半夏一钱至钱半 大枣一至二枚
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，频频服下，以防吐出药液。
[用药大意]
黄连、桂枝、干姜调寒热以止腹痛；半夏降逆以止呕；参、枣、草和中以补虚。
[加减法]
治腹痛重，加生杭芍最效；兼下利，用干姜最良；呕吐。可兼用生姜。
[禁忌证]
凡腹痛，呕吐，口不苦者，或喜冷性饮食者，或脉滑数者，或腹部拒按者，均不可使用本方。因为口不苦是上焦无热，喜冷性饮食系胃中不寒，脉滑数不是虚寒脉象，腹部拒按是腹痛的实证。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)桂枝加芍药汤：此治寒证腹痛不拒按之方。
(2)桂枝加大黄汤：此治寒证兼实证腹痛拒按之方。
(3)小柴胡汤去黄芩加芍药：此治寒热往来兼呕吐腹痛之方。
(4)大承气汤：此治实热腹痛拒按之方。
(5)理中汤：此治虚寒腹痛不拒按之方。
桃花汤方第八十七
[方义]
此固脱，治虚寒性下痢之方。
[主治]
少阴病，下利脓血。但必须具有脉微细、喜热怕冷、滑泻不禁、不里急后重等表现。
[药品]
赤石脂二至三钱(研细) 干姜五分至一钱 粳米五钱至一两
[煎服法]
水三杯，将干姜、粳米二味煎至米熟时，去滓，人赤石脂细末调匀服之。
[用药大意]
赤石脂性涩，固肠胃，止滑脱；干姜温中去寒；粳米甘乎补虚。
[禁忌证]
凡痢疾有内热之口苦、喜冷、里急后重等症，或未至滑脱不禁的程度者，均忌之。
[类似方剂参考]
真人养脏汤：此治下利，少兼脓血，滑泻不止，日数十次，小便点滴不通，服利小便药丝毫无效者。用本汤送赤石脂细末三钱，一剂后，每日即便三五次矣。
吴茱萸汤方第八十八
[方义]
此为温中补虚、祛寒止呕之方。
[主治]
太阴、少阴、厥阴虚寒呕吐(包括干呕，吐涎沫，欲呕)、下利头痛(头顶痛)、烦躁等证。但必须兼有手足厥冷，不喜冷性饮食，脉沉、迟、弦、细、微、弱等现象。
[药品]
吴茱萸二至三钱 人参一至二钱 生姜一至二钱 大枣二至四枚
[煎服法]
水三茶杯半，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服。
[用药大意]
吴萸、生姜温中散寒，以治吐利头痛；人参、大枣益气补中，以恢复肠胃之机能。
[禁忌证]
一切热证(如口苦、喜冷等)均忌之。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)小柴胡汤：此治少阳病头痛呕吐兼有寒热往来口苦之方。
小承气汤方第七十五
[方义]
这是排除肠胃积滞较轻的药剂（偏重在消除胀满方面）。
[主治]
阳明病，肠胃积滞，腹部胀满，拒按，大便不通畅，但没有舌苔芒刺等燥热较重的证候。
[药品]
大黄一至三钱 厚朴二至三钱 枳实二至三钱
[煎服法]
水两茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去渣滓，温服。
[用药大意]
厚朴消除胀满，枳实导除积滞，大黄通便。
[禁忌证]
(1) 腹胀满，不敢服用冷性饮食者忌用此方。这属于寒证引起的胀满，不宜使用大黄。
(2) 腹部不胀满，但大便不通畅者，也不宜使用。本方以通便为主，厚朴、枳实没有使用的必要。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 大承气汤：这是荡涤肠胃的重剂。适用于腹胀满拒按、大便燥结者。
(2) 调胃承气汤：这是荡涤肠胃的轻剂，适用于大便燥结、腹部不胀满者。
(3) 厚朴三物汤：这是治疗腹痛大便闭塞的方剂。
(4) 厚朴大黄汤：这是治疗胃中燥热逼迫水饮上逆所致支饮胸满的方剂。
(5) 厚朴生姜半夏甘草人参汤：这是治疗虚证胀满的方剂。
调胃承气汤方第七十六
[方义]
这是清除胃肠燥热或兼有食滞的轻下剂（偏重清除燥热方面）。
[主治]
阳明病胃肠燥热或兼有食滞的轻证。其症状或有谵语，或汗后恶热，或胃部轻微烦热，或胃痛等。但必须从大便燥结或胃部拒按、脉沉有力等需要轻下的证候加以注意，才能确当。
[药品]
大黄一至二钱 炙甘草一至二钱
芒硝一钱至钱半
[煎服法]
水两茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去渣滓，温服。
[用药大意]
大黄、芒硝通导燥结的粪便，炙甘草补益中气，以缓和药性，防止苦寒伤胃。
[禁忌证]
(1) 胃部喜按或脉沉迟无力的大便不通者忌用。因为这属于虚寒之证，不适合用芒硝、大黄攻下。
(2) 大便不通兼有腹胀满拒按者不宜用。因为本方没有治疗胀满的药物。
(3) 大便不通，腹胀满拒按，更兼舌苔黄黑干燥有芒刺，谵语，神昏等者，更不宜用。因为犹如杯水车薪，不能胜任。
(4) 兼有表寒证者不可用。因为这是攻里的方剂，误用容易使外邪内陷。
按：此证应先解表再用本方，或者在本方中加入解表的药物。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 理中加大黄汤：这是治疗肠胃虚寒兼有大便不通的方剂。
(2) 小承气汤：这是治疗大便不通兼有腹胀满的方剂。
(3) 大承气汤：这是治疗大便燥结兼有谵语神昏、舌苔芒刺等证的方剂。
桃仁承气汤方第七十七
[方义]
这是泻热祛瘀兼散表寒的方剂。
[主治]
蓄血证，热结膀胱，其人如狂，少腹急结。但必须具有小便自利、大便不利、身有微热或不喜冷性饮食等症状。
按：此方对于白天神志清楚、傍晚则谵语的蓄血证有效。对于缠绵不愈的牙疼证，去掉桂枝加入生地、丹皮也有效。
[药品]
桃仁二至三钱 大黄一至三钱 桂枝一至二钱 炙甘草一钱至钱半 芒硝一至二钱
[煎服法]
水一杯半，煎至半茶杯，去渣滓，温服。
[用药大意]
桃仁和硝、黄以攻逐少腹的急结；桂枝以疏散形成急结的外寒；炙甘草补益中气以固根本。
[禁忌证]
本证兼有太阳经恶寒无汗的表证者不可服。有口渴喜冷的内热证者，桂枝必不可用。
[类似方剂参考]
抵当汤：这是治疗蓄血偏于清热的方剂。
猪苓汤方第七十八
[方义]
这是滋阴清热利水的方剂。
[主治]
少阴病，阴虚有热，水邪停蓄，或下利咳呕，心烦不眠。但都必须具有小便不利、口渴、喜冷性饮食等症状。
[药品]
猪苓 茯苓 阿胶 泽泻 滑石各等份（一至二钱）
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，温服。
[用药大意]
猪苓、茯苓、滑石、泽泻利水清热，阿胶滋阴。
[禁忌证]
(1) 阳明病，发热，汗出多，口渴，喜冷饮，小便不利者，不可服。因为这是热盛伤津之证，恐怕重伤其津液。
(2) 不喜冷饮的小便不利，虽系水邪停蓄，也不可用。因为这是阳虚有寒，水邪不化之证，用了会使阳气更虚，水邪更不化。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 人参白虎汤：这是治疗热盛伤津导致口大渴、小便少的方剂。
(2) 五苓散：这是通阳散寒利水的方剂。
(3) 猪肤汤：这是治疗下利心烦咽痛，偏重滋阴的方剂。
蜜煎导方第七十九
[方义]
这是外用通便的方剂。
按：现在多用灌肠法，此方已较少使用，但在偏僻地区无灌肠设备者，也可使用此方。
[主治]
大便燥结，急欲大便却排不出。
[药品]
蜂蜜四钱
[制用法]
将蜂蜜用砂锅煎至如饴糖状，稍冷（不可过冷，过冷则变硬），捏成锭状，头尖，大如手指，长约二寸，纳入肛门中，过一段时间粪便即可排出。
[用药大意]
蜂蜜有润燥的作用，故能润导大便的燥结。
[禁忌证]
没有急欲大便而不得下的现象则不必用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 新灌肠法：这是用灌肠器通便的科学方法。
(2) 大承气汤：这是治疗阳明燥热过甚，内服汤剂通便的方剂。
(3) 麻仁丸：这是润燥通便的方法。
(4) 猪胆汁导法：这是有热者用的方法。
大猪胆汁并土瓜根导方第八十
[方义]
这是清热润燥，外用通便的方剂。
[主治]
欲大便而不得出，有热证现象者。
[药品]
猪胆一枚
[用法]
在猪胆内加少许醋，用笔管根端插入肛门，一端插入胆囊内，用棉线扎紧，不让胆汁流在外面，用手捏之，使胆汁全部灌入肠中，十数分钟即能排便。现在使用灌肠器灌入，更为方便。
[用药大意]
猪胆汁有清热利便的作用。
[禁忌证]
本方并无禁忌的证候，无论热病后、产后均可使用，但有些热证现象，更为相宜。
[类似方剂参考]
蜜煎导法：这是润大便的外治法，热证少者用之较宜。
麻子仁丸方第八十一
[方义]
这是润燥、泄热、缓通大便的方剂。
[主治]
大便燥结小便频数，腹部稍胀满，拒按，余热未尽。但没有谵语、神昏等热甚的表现。
[药品]
麻仁一至二两 生杭芍五钱至一两 大黄二至五钱 厚朴二至五钱 枳实二至五钱 杏仁五钱至一两（去皮尖）
[制服法]
以上六味共为细末，炼蜜为丸，每丸二钱半至三钱重。每服一丸，开水送下，每日早晚各服一次。
[用药大意]
麻仁、杏仁润燥；枳实、厚朴导滞消胀；大黄通便泄热；芍药和肝，以疏通血脉。
[禁忌证]
大病后腹部不拒按者，脉虚数者，不可用。因为此证宜滋阴润燥，枳实、厚朴、大黄绝不可用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 当归肉苁蓉汤：这是治疗血液不足，腹部不拒按，大便燥结的方剂。
(2) 增液汤：这是治疗热病后津液不足，腹部不拒按，脉象虚数，大便燥结的方剂。
抵当丸方第八十二
[方义]
这是泻热祛瘀较缓的方剂。
[主治]
蓄血证，少腹满，小便利。但必须病势较轻，或时间较久，且兼有热证现象。
[药品]
水蛭一至三钱 虻虫（炒，去翅足）一至三钱 桃仁（去皮尖）一至三钱 大黄（酒洗）一钱至二钱半
[制服法]
以上四味，共为细末，制成蜜丸，三钱重。每服一丸，空腹开水送下。
[用药大意]
水蛭、虻虫，一飞一潜，均为祛瘀的要药；桃仁兼有生新的作用；大黄兼有泻热的作用。
[禁忌证]
少腹满，小便不利者，为水蓄证，不可用之。
[类似方剂参考]
抵当汤：这是泻热逐瘀的峻剂。
淮按：蓄血证深浅不同，治疗各异。如太阳病，脉不见微沉之象，其人如狂，少腹急结，是新瘀的表现，宜用桃仁承气汤；如其脉沉微，其人发狂，少腹硬满，这是久瘀的现象，非抵当汤之峻不足以攻之。本条用抵当丸。除用较为缓和之剂型外，水蛭、虻虫的分量也较轻，对于抵当汤证而病情较为缓和的情况可以应用。（编者注：此条为李映淮所批注的按语。）
抵当汤方第八十三
[方义]
这是泻热逐瘀较峻的方剂。
[主治]
蓄血证，或发狂，或如狂，或消谷善饥，或喜忘，或屎虽硬，大便反易，其色黑，或身黄。但必须具有少腹硬满、小便白利及内热等证。
[药品]
水蛭一至三钱 虻虫（去足翅）一至三钱 桃仁（去皮尖）一至三钱 大黄（酒洗）一至三钱
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去渣滓，温服。
[用药大意]
水蛭、虻虫逐瘀破血，桃仁生新祛瘀，大黄荡涤邪热。
[禁忌证]
少腹硬满，小便不利者，不可服。因为这是水蓄而非血蓄。
[类似方剂参考]
桃仁承气汤：这是治疗热结膀胱兼有表寒蓄血的方剂。
茵陈蒿汤第八十四
[方义]
这是清热利湿，去积，治疗阳性黄疸的方剂。
[主治]
黄疸小便不利。必须兼有腹部拒按或大便不利之里证现象，和喜冷或口渴之热证现象。
[药品]
茵陈五钱至一两 栀子二至三钱 大黄一至二钱
[煎服法]
用水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去渣滓，温服。
[用药大意]
茵陈清热利湿，为治黄疸的主药；栀子清热；大黄荡涤肠中积滞。
[禁忌证]
无腹部拒按或大便不利者，不可用；有表证者，也不可用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 麻黄连翘赤小豆汤：这是治疗黄疸兼有表证的方剂。
(2) 栀子柏皮汤：这是治疗黄疸不兼表里证的方剂。
黄连阿胶汤方第八十五
[方义]
这是滋阴泻火、养血安眠的方剂。
[主治]
心烦不得眠卧。但必须具有口苦、喜冷的火证现象及脉来虚数等阴虚、血虚现象。
[药品]
黄连一至二钱 黄芩一至二钱 生杭芍二至三钱 鸡子黄一至二枚 阿胶一至二钱
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，先煎芩、连、芍三味，煎至一杯时，去渣滓，入阿胶溶化后，约多半茶杯，稍冷，入鸡子黄温服。
[用药大意]
黄连、黄芩以泻心火；阿胶、鸡子黄以养心血；芍药以滋阴养血。阴血既足，火邪不扰，心神得安，睡眠自能如常。
[禁忌证]
不兼口苦、喜冷，脉不细数的失眠证，忌用。恐怕芩、连苦燥，伤阴伤胃。
[类似方剂参考]
栀子豉汤：这是治疗虚烦不眠的方剂。
黄连汤方第八十六
[方义]
这是调理上热下寒兼补虚的方剂（也就是治疗腹痛呕吐，寒证多热证少兼中气不足的方剂）。
[主治]
腹痛呕吐。但必须具有口苦、不能食冷性饮食、腹部喜按、脉象沉迟无力等表现。
[药品]
黄连一钱至钱半 炙甘草五分至一钱 干姜一钱至钱半 桂枝一钱至钱半 人参五分至一钱 半夏一钱至钱半 大枣一至二枚
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，频频服下，以防吐出药液。
[用药大意]
黄连、桂枝、干姜调寒热以止腹痛；半夏降逆以止呕；参、枣、草和中以补虚。
[加减法]
治腹痛重，加生杭芍最效；兼下利，用干姜最良；呕吐，可兼用生姜。
[禁忌证]
凡腹痛，呕吐，口不苦者，或喜冷性饮食者，或脉滑数者，或腹部拒按者，均不可使用本方。因为口不苦是上焦无热，喜冷性饮食系胃中不寒，脉滑数不是虚寒脉象，腹部拒按是腹痛的实证。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 桂枝加芍药汤：这是治疗寒证腹痛不拒按的方剂。
(2) 桂枝加大黄汤：这是治疗寒证兼实证腹痛拒按的方剂。
(3) 小柴胡汤去黄芩加芍药：这是治疗寒热往来兼呕吐腹痛的方剂。
(4) 大承气汤：这是治疗实热腹痛拒按的方剂。
(5) 理中汤：这是治疗虚寒腹痛不拒按的方剂。
桃花汤方第八十七
[方义]
这是固脱，治疗虚寒性下痢的方剂。
[主治]
少阴病，下利脓血。但必须具有脉微细、喜热怕冷、滑泻不禁、不里急后重等表现。
[药品]
赤石脂二至三钱（研细） 干姜五分至一钱 粳米五钱至一两
[煎服法]
水三杯，将干姜、粳米二味煎至米熟时，去渣滓，入赤石脂细末调匀服之。
[用药大意]
赤石脂性涩，固肠胃，止滑脱；干姜温中去寒；粳米甘平补虚。
[禁忌证]
凡痢疾有内热之口苦、喜冷、里急后重等症，或未至滑脱不禁的程度者，均忌用。
[类似方剂参考]
真人养脏汤：这是治疗下利，少兼脓血，滑泻不止，日数十次，小便点滴不通，服利小便药丝毫无效者。用本汤送赤石脂细末三钱，一剂后，每日即便三五次矣。
吴茱萸汤方第八十八
[方义]
这是温中补虚、祛寒止呕的方剂。
[主治]
太阴、少阴、厥阴虚寒呕吐（包括干呕，吐涎沫，欲呕）、下利头痛（头顶痛）、烦躁等证。但必须兼有手足厥冷，不喜冷性饮食，脉沉、迟、弦、细、微、弱等现象。
[药品]
吴茱萸二至三钱 人参一至二钱 生姜一至二钱 大枣二至四枚
[煎服法]
水三茶杯半，煎至半茶杯，去渣滓，温服。
[用药大意]
吴茱萸、生姜温中散寒，以治吐利头痛；人参、大枣益气补中，以恢复肠胃之机能。
[禁忌证]
一切热证（如口苦、喜冷等）均忌用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 小柴胡汤：这是治疗少阳病头痛呕吐兼有寒热往来口苦的方剂。
(5) Zengye Chengqi Tang (Increase Fluids and Purge the Bowels Decoction): This is a formula for treating interior excess syndrome accompanied by insufficiency of body fluids.
Xiao Chengqi Tang Formula No. 75
[Formula Rationale]
This is a mild agent for eliminating accumulation and stagnation in the intestines and stomach (with a focus on relieving distension).
[Indications]
Yangming disease, with accumulation and stagnation in the intestines and stomach, abdominal distension, tenderness upon pressure, and difficult defecation, but without severe signs of dryness-heat such as prickles on the tongue coating.
[Ingredients]
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 1–3 qian; Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) 2–3 qian; Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) 2–3 qian.
[Decoction and Administration]
Boil two teacups of water until reduced to half a teacup. Strain and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Houpo eliminates distension; Zhishi guides out stagnation; Dahuang promotes bowel movement.
[Contraindications]
(1) Contraindicated in cases of abdominal distension where cold foods/drinks are not tolerated. This belongs to cold-type distension, and Dahuang should not be used.
(2) Contraindicated when the abdomen is not distended but defecation is difficult. Since this formula focuses on promoting bowel movement, Houpo and Zhishi are unnecessary.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction): A heavy agent for scouring the intestines and stomach. Suitable for cases with abdominal distension, tenderness upon pressure, and dry, hard stools.
(2) Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach and Order the Qi Decoction): A light agent for scouring the intestines and stomach, suitable for cases with dry, hard stools but no abdominal distension.
(3) Houpo Sanwu Tang (Magnolia Three Ingredients Decoction): A formula for treating abdominal pain with fecal impaction.
(4) Houpo Dahuang Tang (Magnolia and Rhubarb Decoction): A formula for treating chest fullness due to fluid retention (Zhi Yin) caused by dryness-heat in the stomach forcing fluids upward.
(5) Houpo Shengjiang Banxia Gancao Renshen Tang (Magnolia, Ginger, Pinellia, Licorice, and Ginseng Decoction): A formula for treating distension due to deficiency.
Tiaowei Chengqi Tang Formula No. 76
[Formula Rationale]
This is a mild purgative for clearing dryness-heat in the gastrointestinal tract or resolving food stagnation (focusing on clearing dryness-heat).
[Indications]
Mild cases of Yangming disease with dryness-heat in the stomach and intestines or accompanied by food stagnation. Symptoms may include delirium, aversion to heat after sweating, slight irritability and heat in the stomach, or stomach pain. However, one must pay attention to signs requiring mild purgation, such as dry, hard stools, tenderness upon pressure in the stomach, and a deep, forceful pulse, to ensure accuracy.
[Ingredients]
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 1–2 qian; Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 1–2 qian; Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) 1–1.5 qian.
[Decoction and Administration]
Boil two teacups of water until reduced to half a teacup. Strain and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Dahuang and Mangxiao unblock dry, hard stools; Zhigan tonifies the middle and moderates the harshness, preventing bitter-cold herbs from damaging the stomach.
[Contraindications]
(1) Contraindicated in cases of constipation where the stomach prefers pressure or the pulse is deep, slow, and weak. These are deficiency-cold patterns unsuitable for purgation with Mangxiao and Dahuang.
(2) Unsuitable for constipation accompanied by abdominal distension and tenderness upon pressure, as this formula lacks ingredients for treating distension.
(3) More unsuitable for constipation with abdominal distension, tenderness, yellow-black dry tongue coating with prickles, delirium, and coma, as it would be like "a cup of water on a cartload of firewood," insufficient to handle the condition.
(4) Contraindicated if exterior cold syndrome is present. As this is an interior-purging formula, misuse may cause external pathogens to sink inward.
Note: In such cases, release the exterior first before using this formula, or add exterior-releasing herbs to this formula.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Lizhong Jia Dahuang Tang (Gastrointestinal Replenishing Decoction plus Rhubarb): For gastrointestinal deficiency-cold with constipation.
(2) Xiao Chengqi Tang (Minor Order the Qi Decoction): For constipation with abdominal distension.
(3) Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction): For dry, hard stools accompanied by delirium, coma, and prickles on the tongue coating.
Taoren Chengqi Tang Formula No. 77
[Formula Rationale]
This formula clears heat, removes blood stasis, and disperses exterior cold.
[Indications]
Blood-stasis syndrome with heat binding in the Bladder, manifesting as mental agitation resembling madness, and acute knotting/tenderness in the lower abdomen. It must be accompanied by free urination, difficult defecation, slight fever, or aversion to cold foods/drinks.
Note: This formula is effective for blood-stasis syndrome where the patient is lucid during the day but delirious at night. For persistent toothache, removing Guizhi and adding Shengdi Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) and Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex) is also effective.
[Ingredients]
Taoren (Persicae Semen) 2–3 qian; Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 1–3 qian; Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) 1–2 qian; Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 1–1.5 qian; Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) 1–2 qian.
[Decoction and Administration]
Boil one and a half teacups of water until reduced to half a teacup. Strain and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Taoren combined with Mangxiao and Dahuang attacks the acute knotting in the lower abdomen; Guizhi disperses the exterior cold that formed the knot; Zhigancao tonifies the middle to secure the root.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated if accompanied by Taiyang exterior syndrome with aversion to cold and absence of sweat. If there is internal heat with thirst and preference for cold drinks, Guizhi must not be used.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
Didang Tang (Echinogynochis Decoction): A formula for blood stasis focusing more on clearing heat.
Zhuling Tang Formula No. 78
[Formula Rationale]
This formula nourishes yin, clears heat, and promotes diuresis.
[Indications]
Shaoyin disease with yin deficiency and heat, fluid retention, or diarrhea, cough, vomiting, irritability, and insomnia. It must be accompanied by difficult urination, thirst, and preference for cold foods/drinks.
[Ingredients]
Zhuling (Polyporus), Fuling (Poria), Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Huashi (Talcum) in equal parts (1–2 qian each).
[Decoction and Administration]
Boil three teacups of water until reduced to half a teacup. Take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Zhuling, Fuling, Huashi, and Zexie promote diuresis and clear heat; Ejiao nourishes yin.
[Contraindications]
(1) Contraindicated in Yangming disease with fever, profuse sweating, thirst, preference for cold drinks, and difficult urination. This is a pattern of heat severely injuring fluids; using this might further damage the fluids.
(2) Contraindicated for difficult urination without preference for cold drinks, even if due to fluid retention. This indicates yang deficiency with cold and failure to transform fluids; using it would further deplete yang and hinder fluid transformation.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction): For excessive thirst and scanty urine due to heat severely injuring fluids.
(2) Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria): For promoting yang, dispersing cold, and promoting diuresis.
(3) Zhufu Tang (Pig Skin Decoction): For diarrhea, irritability, and sore throat, focusing on nourishing yin.
Mi Jian Dao Formula No. 79
[Formula Rationale]
This is an external formula for promoting bowel movement.
Note: Enema methods are now commonly used, so this formula is rarely used. However, in remote areas without enema equipment, it can still be used.
[Indications]
Dry, hard stools with an urgent desire to defecate but inability to do so.
[Ingredients]
Fengmi (Honey) 4 qian.
[Preparation and Usage]
Boil honey in a clay pot until it resembles malt syrup. Let it cool slightly (do not let it get too cold, or it will harden). Shape into suppositories, pointed at one end, about the thickness of a finger and two cun long. Insert into the anus. After some time, stool will pass.
[Principles of Medication]
Honey has a moistening effect, thus lubricating dry, hard stools.
[Contraindications]
Not necessary if there is no urgent desire to defecate but inability to do so.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Modern Enema Method: A scientific method using an enema device.
(2) Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction): An oral decoction for severe Yangming dryness-heat causing constipation.
(3) Maren Wan (Cannabis Seed Pill): A method for moistening dryness and promoting bowel movement.
(4) Zhu Danzhi Dao Fa (Pig Bile Suppository Method): Used for cases with heat.
Da Zhu Danzhi Bing Tugua Gen Dao Formula No. 80
[Formula Rationale]
This is an external formula for clearing heat, moistening dryness, and promoting bowel movement.
[Indications]
Desire to defecate but inability to do so, presenting with heat syndrome signs.
[Ingredients]
One pig gallbladder.
[Usage]
Add a little vinegar to the pig gallbladder. Insert the root end of a pen tube into the anus and the other end into the gallbladder. Tie tightly with cotton thread to prevent leakage. Squeeze manually to inject all bile into the intestine. Defecation occurs within ten minutes. Using an enema device now is more convenient.
[Principles of Medication]
Pig bile clears heat and facilitates bowel movement.
[Contraindications]
There are no specific contraindications; it can be used after febrile diseases or postpartum. It is particularly suitable for cases with heat syndrome signs.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
Mi Jian Dao Fa (Honey Suppository Method): An external treatment for moistening the bowels, more suitable for cases with less heat.
Mazi Ren Wan Formula No. 81
[Formula Rationale]
This formula moistens dryness, clears heat, and gently promotes bowel movement.
[Indications]
Dry, hard stools with frequent urination, slight abdominal distension, tenderness upon pressure, and residual heat. There are no severe heat signs like delirium or coma.
[Ingredients]
Maren (Cannabis Fructus) 1–2 liang; Sheng Baishao (Raw Paeoniae Radix Alba) 5 qian–1 liang; Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 2–5 qian; Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) 2–5 qian; Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) 2–5 qian; Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) 5 qian–1 liang (skin and tips removed).
[Preparation and Administration]
Grind the six ingredients into fine powder. Make pills with refined honey, each weighing 2.5–3 qian. Take one pill with warm water, morning and evening.
[Principles of Medication]
Maren and Xingren moisten dryness; Zhishi and Houpo guide out stagnation and relieve distension; Dahuang promotes bowel movement and clears heat; Baishao harmonizes the Liver and unblocks blood vessels.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated after serious illness if the abdomen does not resist pressure or if the pulse is deficient and rapid. Such cases require nourishing yin and moistening dryness; Zhishi, Houpo, and Dahuang are absolutely unsuitable.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Danggui Rongrong Tang (Angelica and Cistanche Decoction): For blood deficiency, non-tender abdomen, and dry, hard stools.
(2) Zengye Tang (Increase Fluids Decoction): For fluid insufficiency after febrile disease, non-tender abdomen, deficient-rapid pulse, and dry, hard stools.
Didang Wan Formula No. 82
[Formula Rationale]
This is a milder formula for clearing heat and removing blood stasis.
[Indications]
Blood-stasis syndrome with fullness in the lower abdomen and free urination. The condition must be mild in intensity, chronic in duration, and accompanied by heat signs.
[Ingredients]
Shuizhi (Hirudo) 1–3 qian; Mengchong (Ophryogenia, fried, wings and legs removed) 1–3 qian; Taoren (Persicae Semen, skin and tips removed) 1–3 qian; Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, wine-washed) 1–2.5 qian.
[Preparation and Administration]
Grind the four ingredients into fine powder. Make honey pills, each weighing 3 qian. Take one pill on an empty stomach with warm water.
[Principles of Medication]
Shuizhi and Mengchong, one flying and one swimming, are essential herbs for removing blood stasis; Taoren also generates new blood; Dahuang also clears heat.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated in cases of lower abdominal fullness with difficult urination, which indicates fluid retention rather than blood stasis.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
Didang Tang (Echinogynochis Decoction): A potent agent for clearing heat and driving out blood stasis.
Commentary by Huai: Blood-stasis syndromes vary in depth and require different treatments. For example, in Taiyang disease, if the pulse is not slightly deep, the patient is mentally agitated resembling madness, and there is acute knotting in the lower abdomen, this indicates fresh stasis, and Taoren Chengqi Tang is appropriate. If the pulse is deep and faint, the patient goes mad, and the lower abdomen is hard and full, this indicates chronic stasis, requiring the potent Didang Tang. This section uses Didang Wan. Besides using a milder dosage form, the amounts of Shuizhi and Mengchong are lighter, making it applicable for conditions similar to Didang Tang syndrome but milder in presentation. (Editor's Note: This commentary was annotated by Li Yinghuai.)
Didang Tang Formula No. 83
[Formula Rationale]
This is a stronger formula for clearing heat and driving out blood stasis.
[Indications]
Blood-stasis syndrome, manifesting as mania, agitation resembling madness, excessive hunger, forgetfulness, hard stool but easy passage with black color, or jaundiced skin. It must be accompanied by hardness and fullness in the lower abdomen, clear urine, and internal heat.
[Ingredients]
Shuizhi (Hirudo) 1–3 qian; Mengchong (Ophryogenia, feet and wings removed) 1–3 qian; Taoren (Persicae Semen, skin and tips removed) 1–3 qian; Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, wine-washed) 1–3 qian.
[Decoction and Administration]
Boil three teacups of water until reduced to half a teacup. Strain and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Shuizhi and Mengchong drive out stasis and break blood; Taoren generates new blood and removes stasis; Dahuang scours away pathogenic heat.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated in cases of hardness and fullness in the lower abdomen with difficult urination, as this indicates fluid retention, not blood stasis.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel Order the Qi Decoction): For heat binding in the Bladder accompanied by exterior cold and blood stasis.
Yinchen Hao Tang Formula No. 84
[Formula Rationale]
This formula clears heat, promotes dampness drainage, removes accumulation, and treats positive jaundice.
[Indications]
Jaundice with difficult urination. It must be accompanied by interior signs such as abdominal tenderness upon pressure or difficult defecation, and heat signs such as preference for cold or thirst.
[Ingredients]
Yinchen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba) 5 qian–1 liang; Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) 2–3 qian; Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 1–2 qian.
[Decoction and Administration]
Boil three teacups of water until reduced to half a teacup. Strain and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Yinchen clears heat and promotes dampness drainage, serving as the main herb for treating jaundice; Zhizi clears heat; Dahuang scours intestinal accumulation.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated if there is no abdominal tenderness upon pressure or difficult defecation; also contraindicated if exterior syndrome is present.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Ma Huang Lian Qiao Chi Xiao Dou Tang (Ephedra, Forsythia, and Red Bean Decoction): For jaundice accompanied by exterior syndrome.
(2) Zhizi Bo Pi Tang (Gardenia and Phellodendron Bark Decoction): For jaundice without exterior or interior syndrome.
Huanglian Ejiao Tang Formula No. 85
[Formula Rationale]
This formula nourishes yin, drains fire, nourishes blood, and promotes sleep.
[Indications]
Irritability and inability to lie down and sleep. It must be accompanied by fire signs such as bitter taste and preference for cold, and deficiency signs such as deficient-rapid pulse indicating yin and blood deficiency.
[Ingredients]
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 1–2 qian; Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) 1–2 qian; Sheng Baishao (Raw Paeoniae Radix Alba) 2–3 qian; Jizihuang (Ovi Oviductus) 1–2 pieces; Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini) 1–2 qian.
[Decoction and Administration]
Boil three teacups of water. First decoct Huangqin, Huanglian, and Baishao until reduced to one teacup. Strain, dissolve Ejiao, resulting in about half a teacup. Cool slightly, then add Jizihuang and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Huanglian and Huangqin drain Heart fire; Ejiao and Jizihuang nourish Heart blood; Baishao nourishes yin and blood. Once yin and blood are sufficient, fire evil does not disturb, the Heart spirit is calm, and sleep returns to normal.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated in insomnia without bitter taste or preference for cold, and without a thin-rapid pulse. The bitter-dry nature of Huangqin and Huanglian might injure yin and the stomach.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
Zhizi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction): For irritability and insomnia due to deficiency.
Huanglian Tang Formula No. 86
[Formula Rationale]
This formula regulates upper heat and lower cold while tonifying deficiency (also treating abdominal pain and vomiting where cold signs exceed heat signs and Middle Qi is deficient).
[Indications]
Abdominal pain and vomiting. It must be accompanied by bitter taste, inability to eat cold foods/drinks, abdominal preference for pressure, and a deep, slow, weak pulse.
[Ingredients]
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 1–1.5 qian; Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 0.5–1 qian; Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) 1–1.5 qian; Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) 1–1.5 qian; Renshen (Ginseng Radix) 0.5–1 qian; Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) 1–1.5 qian; Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) 1–2 pieces.
[Decoction and Administration]
Boil three teacups of water until reduced to half a teacup. Take frequently to prevent vomiting up the medicine.
[Principles of Medication]
Huanglian, Guizhi, and Ganjiang regulate cold and heat to stop abdominal pain; Banxia descends rebellious Qi to stop vomiting; Renshen, Dazao, and Gancao harmonize the Middle and tonify deficiency.
[Modifications]
For severe abdominal pain, adding Sheng Baishao is most effective; for accompanying diarrhea, Ganjiang is best; for vomiting, Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) can be added.
[Contraindications]
Unsuitable for abdominal pain and vomiting with no bitter taste, preference for cold foods/drinks, slippery-rapid pulse, or abdominal tenderness upon pressure. No bitter taste indicates no heat in the Upper Jiao; preference for cold indicates the Stomach is not cold; slippery-rapid pulse is not a deficiency-cold pulse; abdominal tenderness upon pressure indicates excess type abdominal pain.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Guizhi Jia Baishao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Paeonia): For cold-type abdominal pain without tenderness upon pressure.
(2) Guizhi Jia Dahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Rhubarb): For cold-type abdominal pain with excess signs and tenderness upon pressure.
(3) Xiao Chaihu Tang minus Huangqin plus Baishao (Minor Bupleurum Decoction minus Scutellaria plus Paeonia): For alternating chills and fever with vomiting and abdominal pain.
(4) Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction): For excess-heat abdominal pain with tenderness upon pressure.
(5) Lizhong Tang (Middle-Replenishing Decoction): For deficiency-cold abdominal pain without tenderness upon pressure.
Taohua Tang Formula No. 87
[Formula Rationale]
This formula secures collapse and treats deficiency-cold dysentery.
[Indications]
Shaoyin disease with dysentery containing pus and blood. It must be accompanied by a faint-thin pulse, preference for warmth and aversion to cold, involuntary loose stools, and no tenesmus.
[Ingredients]
Chishizhi (Halloysitum Rubrum) 2–3 qian (finely ground); Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) 0.5–1 qian; Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Germ) 5 qian–1 liang.
[Decoction and Administration]
Boil three cups of water. Decoct Ganjiang and Jingmi until the rice is cooked. Strain, mix in the finely ground Chishizhi, and take.
[Principles of Medication]
Chishizhi is astringent, securing the intestines and stopping incontinence; Ganjiang warms the Middle and dispels cold; Jingmi is sweet and neutral, tonifying deficiency.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated in dysentery with internal heat signs such as bitter taste, preference for cold, and tenesmus, or if incontinence is not yet severe.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
Zhenren Yangzang Tang (True Man Nourish the Viscera Decoction): For dysentery with slight pus and blood, continuous incontinence occurring dozens of times daily, complete urinary retention, and ineffectiveness of diuretics. Taking three qian of finely ground Chishizhi with this decoction reduces frequency to three to five times daily after one dose.
Wuzhuyu Tang Formula No. 88
[Formula Rationale]
This formula warms the Middle, tonifies deficiency, dispels cold, and stops vomiting.
[Indications]
Deficiency-cold vomiting (including dry heaving, spitting saliva/phlegm, urge to vomit), diarrhea, headache (vertex pain), and irritability in Taiyin, Shaoyin, and Jueyin meridians. It must be accompanied by cold extremities, aversion to cold foods/drinks, and a deep, slow, wiry, thin, faint, or weak pulse.
[Ingredients]
Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus) 2–3 qian; Renshen (Ginseng Radix) 1–2 qian; Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) 1–2 qian; Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) 2–4 pieces.
[Decoction and Administration]
Boil three and a half teacups of water until reduced to half a teacup. Strain and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Wuzhuyu and Shengjiang warm the Middle and dispel cold to treat vomiting, diarrhea, and headache; Renshen and Dazao boost Qi and tonify the Middle to restore gastrointestinal function.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated in all heat syndromes (such as bitter taste, preference for cold).
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction): For Shaoyang disease headache and vomiting with alternating chills and fever and bitter taste.