(凡涉伤寒门传经者不录。)
姜白通汤 治暴卒中寒,厥逆呕吐,泻利色清,气冷,肌肤凛栗,无汗,盛阴没阳之症。
附子(五钱) 干姜(五钱) 葱白(五茎) 猪胆(半枚) 先将附、姜二味煎好,后入
葱汁、胆汁,和匀温服。
桂归姜汤 治暴卒中寒,兼伤营血者。
附子(二钱五分) 干姜(二钱五分) 当归(二钱五分) 肉桂(二钱五分) 水二盏,煎至一盏,入蜜一
蛤蜊壳,温服。
姜归桂参甘汤 治阳气将回,阴寒少杀。
附子(一钱五分) 干姜(一钱五分) 当归(一钱五分) 肉桂(一钱五分) 人参(二钱)
甘草(二钱) 大枣(二枚) 加蜜三蛤蜊壳,温服。
辛温平补汤 治暴中寒症,服前三方其阳已回,身温色活,手足不冷,吐利渐除,用此平补脏腑,调和营
卫,俾不致有药偏之害。
附子(五分) 干姜(五分) 当归(一钱) 肉桂(五分) 人参(一钱) 甘草(一钱) 黄 (一钱) 白
术(一钱土炒) 白芍(一钱酒炒) 五味子(十二粒) 大枣(二枚) 加蜜五蛤蜊壳,温服。
四逆汤 治三阴经症,四肢厥冷,虚寒下利,急温其脏。
甘草(二两) 干姜(三两) 附子(一枚) 上三味,以水二升,煎取一升二合,分温再服。
通脉四逆加减汤 治下利清谷,里寒外热,厥逆恶寒,脉微欲绝之证。
甘草(二两) 附子(大者一枚) 干姜(三两强人可四两) 面赤者加葱九茎。腹中痛者去葱,加芍药
三两。呕者加生姜二两。咽痛者去生姜、芍药,加桔梗一两。利止、脉不出者,去桔梗,加人参二两。
桂枝去芍药加麻辛附子汤 治中脘痛,心下坚,大如盘,边如旋杯,水饮所作。
桂枝(三两) 麻黄(二两) 细辛(二两) 甘草(二两炙) 附子(一枚)
生姜(三两) 大枣(十二枚) 水七升,煮麻黄,去沫,内诸药,煮取二升,分三服,当汗出如虫行皮中,即愈。
附子粳米汤 治腹中寒气,雷鸣切痛,胸胁逆满,呕吐。
附子(一枚) 半夏(半升) 甘草(一两) 大枣(十枚) 粳米(半升)
水八升,煮米熟汤成,去渣,温服一升。
大建中汤 治心胸中大寒痛,呕不能饮食,腹中寒,上冲皮起,出见有头足,上下痛而不可触近者。
蜀椒(二合) 干姜(四两) 人参(二两) 水四升,煮取二升,去渣,入饴糖一升,微火煮
取一升半,分温服。
大黄附子汤 治胁下偏痛,发热,其脉紧弦,此寒也,以温药下之。
大黄(二两) 附子(二枚) 细辛(二两) 以水五升,煮取二升,分三服。
理中汤 治自利不渴,寒多而呕,腹痛,脉沉无力,或厥冷拘急,或结胸吐蛔。
白术(二两土炒) 人参(一两) 干姜(一两炒) 甘草(一两炙) 每服四钱。自利腹痛加木
香,利多者倍白术。渴者倍白术。倦卧沉重,利不止加附子。腹满去甘草。脐下动气,去术加桂。悸加
茯苓。胸痞加枳实。吐蛔加川椒、乌梅。
回阳救急汤 治身不热,头不痛,恶寒战栗,四肢厥冷,腹痛吐泻,指甲唇青,或无脉,或脉沉迟无力。
附子(五分) 干姜(五分) 肉桂(五分) 人参(五分) 白术(一钱)
茯苓(一钱) 半夏(七分) 陈皮(七分) 甘草(二分) 五味子(九粒)
无脉加猪胆汁。
姜白通汤:治疗突然中受寒邪,出现四肢厥冷、呕吐、腹泻且排泄物颜色清稀、气息寒冷、肌肤战栗、无汗,这是盛极的阴寒掩盖了阳气的病证。
附子(五钱) 干姜(五钱) 葱白(五根) 猪胆汁(半个)。先将附子和干姜两味药煎煮好,然后加入葱汁和胆汁,搅拌均匀后温服。
桂归姜汤:治疗突然中受寒邪,兼有营血受损的情况。
附子(二钱五分) 干姜(二钱五分) 当归(二钱五分) 肉桂(二钱五分)。用水两盏,煎至一盏,加入一蛤蜊壳量的蜂蜜,温服。
姜归桂参甘汤:治疗阳气即将恢复,阴寒之气稍减的情况。
附子(一钱五分) 干姜(一钱五分) 当归(一钱五分) 肉桂(一钱五分) 人参(二钱) 甘草(二钱) 大枣(两枚)。加入三蛤蜊壳量的蜂蜜,温服。
辛温平补汤:治疗暴中寒症,服用上述三方后阳气已回,身体温暖、面色红润、手足不冷、呕吐腹泻逐渐消除,用此方平和地补益脏腑,调和营卫,以免产生药物偏性的危害。
附子(五分) 干姜(五分) 当归(一钱) 肉桂(五分) 人参(一钱) 甘草(一钱) 黄芪(一钱) 白术(一钱,土炒) 白芍(一钱,酒炒) 五味子(十二粒) 大枣(两枚)。加入五蛤蜊壳量的蜂蜜,温服。
四逆汤:治疗三阴经的病证,四肢厥冷,虚寒导致的下利,急需温补内脏。
甘草(二两) 干姜(三两) 附子(一枚)。以上三味药,用水二升,煎取一升二合,分两次温服。
通脉四逆加减汤:治疗下利清谷(完谷不化),内寒外热,四肢厥冷恶寒,脉搏微弱几乎摸不到的证候。
甘草(二两) 附子(大者一枚) 干姜(三两,体质强壮者可加至四两)。面赤者加葱九根。腹中痛者去掉葱,加芍药三两。呕吐者加生姜二两。咽痛者去掉生姜、芍药,加桔梗一两。腹泻停止但脉搏不出者,去掉桔梗,加人参二两。
桂枝去芍药加麻辛附子汤:治疗中脘部疼痛,心下坚硬,大如盘子,边缘像旋转的杯子,由水饮所致。
桂枝(三两) 麻黄(二两) 细辛(二两) 甘草(二两,炙) 附子(一枚) 生姜(三两) 大枣(十二枚)。用水七升,先煮麻黄,去掉浮沫,再加入其他药物,煮取二升,分三次服用。应当出汗,感觉像虫子在皮肤中爬行一样,随即痊愈。
附子粳米汤:治疗腹中寒气,肠鸣剧烈疼痛,胸胁气逆胀满,呕吐。
附子(一枚) 半夏(半升) 甘草(一两) 大枣(十枚) 粳米(半升)。用水八升,煮到米熟汤成,去渣,温服一升。
大建中汤:治疗心胸部位剧烈寒痛,呕吐不能饮食,腹中有寒气,向上冲击皮肤,突起可见头足状,上下疼痛且不可触碰靠近。
蜀椒(二合) 干姜(四两) 人参(二两)。用水四升,煮取二升,去渣,加入饴糖一升,用微火煮取一升半,分次温服。
大黄附子汤:治疗胁下偏侧疼痛,发热,脉象紧弦,这是寒邪所致,应用温下药攻下。
大黄(二两) 附子(二枚) 细辛(二两)。用水五升,煮取二升,分三次服用。
理中汤:治疗自发性腹泻且不口渴,寒多而呕吐,腹痛,脉沉无力,或者四肢厥冷拘急,或者结胸吐蛔虫。
白术(二两,土炒) 人参(一两) 干姜(一两,炒) 甘草(一两,炙)。每次服用四钱。自发性腹泻伴腹痛加木香,腹泻次数多者加倍使用白术。口渴者加倍使用白术。疲倦嗜卧、身体沉重、腹泻不止者加附子。腹部胀满者去掉甘草。脐下有动气感者,去掉白术加肉桂。心悸者加茯苓。胸中痞塞者加枳实。吐蛔虫者加川椒、乌梅。
回阳救急汤:治疗身体不发热,头部不痛,怕冷战栗,四肢厥冷,腹痛吐泻,指甲嘴唇发青,或者无脉搏,或者脉搏沉迟无力。
附子(五分) 干姜(五分) 肉桂(五分) 人参(五分) 白术(一钱) 茯苓(一钱) 半夏(七分) 陈皮(七分) 甘草(二分) 五味子(九粒)。无脉搏者加猪胆汁。
(Note: Conditions involving the transmission of meridians in the Shanghan [Cold Damage] category are not recorded here.)
Jiang Bai Tong Tang (Ginger, Scallion, and Aconite Decoction): Treats sudden cold invasion resulting in cold limbs, vomiting, diarrhea with clear-colored excrement, cold breath, shivering skin, absence of sweat; this is a syndrome where excessive Yin cold obscures Yang Qi.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (5 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) (5 qian), Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (Congbai, 葱白) (5 stalks), Porcis Bile (Zhudan, 猪胆) (half a gallbladder). First, decoct Fuzi and Ganjiang. Then add Congju (scallion juice) and Zhudan (pig bile), mix evenly, and take warm.
Gui Gui Jiang Tang (Cinnamon Twig, Angelica, Ginger, and Aconite Decoction): Treats sudden cold invasion complicated by damage to Ying Blood.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (2.5 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) (2.5 qian), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归) (2.5 qian), Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui, 肉桂) (2.5 qian). Use two cups of water, decoct until one cup remains, add honey equivalent to one clam shell, and take warm.
Jiang Gui Can Gan Tang (Ginger, Cinnamon Twig, Ginseng, Licorice, and Angelica Decoction): Treats conditions where Yang Qi is about to recover and Yin Cold has slightly diminished.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (1.5 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) (1.5 qian), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归) (1.5 qian), Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui, 肉桂) (1.5 qian), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) (2 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (2 qian), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) (2 pieces). Add honey equivalent to three clam shells and take warm.
Xin Wen Ping Bu Tang (Acrid-Warm Neutral Tonifying Decoction): Treats sudden cold invasion. After taking the previous three formulas, if Yang Qi has returned, the body is warm, complexion is lively, hands and feet are not cold, and vomiting/diarrhea are gradually resolving, use this formula to neutrally tonify the Zang-Fu organs and harmonize Ying and Wei, preventing harm from medicinal bias.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (5 fen), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) (5 fen), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归) (1 qian), Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui, 肉桂) (5 fen), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) (1 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (1 qian), Astragali Radix (Huangqi, 黄芪) (1 qian), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) (1 qian, stir-fried with soil), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao, 白芍) (1 qian, fried with wine), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 五味子) (12 grains), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) (2 pieces). Add honey equivalent to five clam shells and take warm.
Si Ni Tang (Four Reversal Decoction): Treats Shaoyin, Taiyin, and Jueyin meridian syndromes characterized by cold limbs, deficiency-cold diarrhea; urgently warm the Zang organs.
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (2 liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) (3 liang), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (1 piece). The above three ingredients, using two sheng of water, decoct to obtain one sheng and two he. Divide into two warm doses.
Tong Mai Si Ni Jia Jian Tang (Pulse-Unblocking Four Reversal Modified Decoction): Treats diarrhea with undigested food, interior cold with exterior heat, cold limbs with aversion to cold, and a faint pulse nearly imperceptible.
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (2 liang), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (one large piece), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) (3 liang; for strong constitutions, up to 4 liang). If the face is red, add nine stalks of Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (Congbai, 葱白). If there is abdominal pain, remove Congbai and add three liang of Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao, 芍药). If vomiting occurs, add two liang of Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜). If there is a sore throat, remove Shengjiang and Shaoyao, and add one liang of Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗). If diarrhea stops but the pulse does not emerge, remove Jiegeng and add two liang of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参).
Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Maling Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction without Peony plus Ephedra, Asarum, and Aconite): Treats epigastric pain, hardness below the heart, large as a plate with edges like a rotating cup, caused by fluid retention.
Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) (3 liang), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) (2 liang), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛) (2 liang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (2 liang, prepared), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (1 piece), Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜) (3 liang), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) (12 pieces). Use seven sheng of water, boil Mahuang first, remove foam, then add other herbs. Boil to obtain two sheng, divide into three doses. Sweating should occur, feeling like insects crawling under the skin, indicating recovery.
Fuzi Ximi Tang (Aconite and Rice Decoction): Treats cold qi in the abdomen causing loud rumbling and cutting pain, reverse fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, and vomiting.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (1 piece), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) (0.5 sheng), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (1 liang), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) (10 pieces), Oryza Sativa Semen (Jingsmi, 粳米) (0.5 sheng). Use eight sheng of water, cook until rice is ripe and soup is ready, strain, and take one sheng warm.
Da Jian Zhong Tang (Great Construct Middle Decoction): Treats severe cold pain in the chest and heart, vomiting inability to eat, cold in the abdomen, upward rushing against the skin appearing as heads and feet, pain all over that cannot be touched or approached.
Zanthoxyli Pericarpium (Shujiao, 蜀椒) (2 he), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) (4 liang), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) (2 liang). Use four sheng of water, decoct to obtain two sheng, strain, add one sheng of Malt Sugar (Yitang, 饴糖), simmer on low heat to obtain one and a half sheng, and take warm in divided doses.
Dahuang Fuzi Tang (Rhubarb and Aconite Decoction): Treats unilateral pain in the hypochondrium, fever, and a tight, string-taut pulse; this is due to cold, treat with warming purgatives.
Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) (2 liang), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (2 pieces), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛) (2 liang). Use five sheng of water, decoct to obtain two sheng, divide into three doses.
Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction): Treats spontaneous diarrhea without thirst, frequent cold and vomiting, abdominal pain, deep and weak pulse, or cold limbs with spasms, or chest binding with vomiting of roundworms.
Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) (2 liang, stir-fried with soil), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) (1 liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) (1 liang, stir-fried), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (1 liang, prepared). Take 4 qian per dose. For spontaneous diarrhea with abdominal pain, add Costi Root (Muxiang, 木香). For frequent diarrhea, double Baizhu. For thirst, double Baizhu. For fatigue, lying down, heaviness, and unceasing diarrhea, add Fuzi. For abdominal fullness, remove Gancao. For moving Qi below the navel, remove Baizhu and add Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui, 肉桂). For palpitations, add Poria (Fuling, 茯苓). For chest stuffiness, add Immature Bitter Orange (Zhishi, 枳实). For vomiting roundworms, add Sichuan Pepper (Chuanjiao, 川椒) and Mume Fructus (Wumei, 乌梅).
Hui Yang Jiu Ji Tang (Restore Yang Rescue Emergency Decoction): Treats no body heat, no headache, aversion to cold with shivering, cold limbs, abdominal pain with vomiting and diarrhea, cyanosis of nails and lips, or absent pulse, or deep, slow, and weak pulse.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (5 fen), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) (5 fen), Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui, 肉桂) (5 fen), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) (5 fen), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) (1 qian), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓) (1 qian), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) (7 fen), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮) (7 fen), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (2 fen), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 五味子) (9 grains). If the pulse is absent, add Porcis Bile (Zhudan, 猪胆汁).