治有表复有里。有表者。脉浮或恶风。或恶寒头痛。四证中或有十二尚在
是。十三日过经不解是也。有里者。谵言妄语。掷手扬视。此皆里之急者也。欲汗之则里已
急。欲下之则表证仍在。故以小柴胡中药调和三阳。是不犯诸阳之禁。以芍药下安太阴。使
邪气不纳。以大黄去地道不通。以枳实去心下痞闷
。或湿热自利。若里证已急者。通宜大柴胡汤。小柴胡减人参甘草加芍药枳实大黄是也。欲缓
下之。全用小柴胡加枳实大黄亦可。
少阳证。胸胁痛。往来寒热而呕。或咳而耳聋。脉尺寸俱弦。（小柴胡汤）主之。
柴胡少阳 半夏太阳 黄芩阳明
人参太阴 甘草太阴 姜枣辛甘发散
上各随仲景本条下加减用之则可矣药如本法。
忌发汗。忌利小便。忌利大便。故名三禁汤。乃和解之剂。若犯之。则各随上下前后本
变。及中变与诸变不可胜数。医者宜详之。
答曰。身后为太阳。太阳为阳中之阳。阳分也。身前为阳明。阳明为阳中之阴。阴分也
。阳
为在表。阴为在里。即阴阳二分。邪在其中矣。治当不从标本。从乎中治。此乃治少阳之法
也。太阳膀胱水寒也阳明大肠金燥也。邪在其中。近后膀胱水则恶寒。近前阳明燥则发热。
故往来寒热也。此为
三阳之表里。非内外之表里也。但不可认里作当下之里。故以此药作和解之剂非汗非下也。
治疗时既有表证又有里证。有表证的表现是：脉象浮，或者怕风，或者怕冷、头痛。这四种症状中，可能还有“十二日尚在”或“十三日过经不解”的情况。有里证的表现是：胡言乱语，扔东西、瞪眼直视。这些都是里证的急重表现。想要发汗解表，但里证已经急重；想要攻下治里，但表证仍然存在。因此用小柴胡汤作为中和之剂来调和三阳经，这样就不触犯诸阳经的禁忌。加入芍药以安抚太阴，使邪气不致内陷；加入大黄以通利地道（肠道）不通；加入枳实以消除心下的痞闷感。如果是湿热导致的自发性腹泻，如果里证已经急重，通常适宜使用大柴胡汤。所谓大柴胡汤，就是小柴胡汤减去人参、甘草，加入芍药、枳实、大黄而成。如果想要缓和地攻下，完全使用小柴胡汤加上枳实和大黄也可以。
少阳证的症状包括：胸胁部疼痛，寒热往来并伴有呕吐，或者咳嗽、耳聋，脉象寸部和尺部都呈现弦象。（以小柴胡汤）为主治方剂。
柴胡主治少阳经病，半夏主治太阳经病，黄芩主治阳明经病，人参和甘草主治太阴经病，生姜和大枣具有辛甘发散的作用。以上药物均可根据张仲景原著各条文的记载进行加减使用即可，药效遵循本法。
禁忌发汗，禁忌利尿小便，禁忌通便大便。因此称为“三禁汤”，这是一首和解类的方剂。如果违反了这些禁忌，病情就会随着上下前后的变化而演变，以及发生各种中间变化和众多变证，不可胜数。医生应当仔细审察。
回答说：身体后方属于太阳经，太阳经是阳中之阳，属于阳分。身体前方属于阳明经，阳明经是阳中之阴，属于阴分。阳主在表，阴主在里，这就是阴阳二分法，邪气已经存在于其中了。治疗时不应从标本论治，而应从“中治”（半表半里）入手。这是治疗少阳经疾病的方法。太阳膀胱经属水寒，阳明大肠经属金燥。邪气存在于其中，靠近后方的膀胱水则表现为恶寒，靠近前方的阳明燥则表现为发热，所以出现寒热往来的症状。这是三阳经的表里关系，而不是内外关系的表里。只是不能将这种“里”误认为是当下就可以攻下的“里”，因此用此药作为和解之剂，既非发汗也非攻下。
Treatment involves both exterior and interior syndromes. For the exterior syndrome, the pulse is floating, or there is aversion to wind, or aversion to cold accompanied by headache. Among these four signs, it may also be that the disease persists for twelve days or fails to resolve after passing the meridian cycle on the thirteenth day. For the interior syndrome, there is delirious speech, throwing objects, and staring wildly. These are all urgent conditions of the interior. If one attempts diaphoresis (sweating therapy), the interior condition is already urgent; if one attempts purgation, the exterior signs remain. Therefore, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is used as a harmonizing agent to regulate the three Yang meridians, thus avoiding the contraindications regarding the Yang meridians. Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, White Peony Root) is added to soothe Taiyin, preventing the pathogenic factor from entering inward; Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Rhubarb) is added to unblock the "Dao" (intestines); Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Immature Bitter Orange) is added to remove epigastric fullness and oppression. If there is spontaneous diarrhea due to damp-heat, and the interior syndrome is already urgent, Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) is generally appropriate. Da Chai Hu Tang consists of Xiao Chai Hu Tang with Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix, Ginseng) and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Licorice) removed, and Shaoyao, Zhishi, and Dahuang added. If a milder purgation is desired, using Xiao Chai Hu Tang alone with the addition of Zhishi and Dahuang is also acceptable.
Shao Yang Syndrome (Lesser Yang Syndrome) presents with pain in the chest and hypochondrium, alternating chills and fever with vomiting, or coughing and deafness. The pulse at both the Cun (Inch) and Chi (Cubit) positions is wiry (Xian). Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary treatment.
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, Bupleurum Root) treats Shao Yang disorders; Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, Pinellia Tuber) treats Tai Yang disorders; Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, Scutellaria Root) treats Yang Ming disorders; Renshen (Ginseng Radix, Ginseng) and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Licorice) treat Tai Yin disorders; Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Fresh Ginger) and Zao (Jujubae Fructus, Jujube) have acrid-sweet dispersing properties. The above herbs can be modified according to the original clauses by Zhang Zhongjing, following this method.
Contraindications include diaphoresis (sweating), promoting urination, and promoting bowel movements. Hence it is called San Jin Tang (Three Prohibitions Decoction), which is a harmonizing formula. If these prohibitions are violated, the condition will change according to the upper, lower, anterior, and posterior variations, as well as intermediate and numerous other transformations, which are countless. Physicians should examine this carefully.
The answer states: The posterior aspect of the body corresponds to Tai Yang, which is Yang within Yang, belonging to the Yang aspect. The anterior aspect corresponds to Yang Ming, which is Yin within Yang, belonging to the Yin aspect. Yang governs the exterior, and Yin governs the interior; this constitutes the division into Yin and Yang, with the pathogenic factor residing within. Treatment should not follow the standard principles of root and branch but should adopt "Zhong Zhi" (treating from the middle/semi-exterior semi-interior). This is the method for treating Shao Yang diseases. Tai Yang Bladder Water is cold, and Yang Ming Large Intestine Metal is dry. When the pathogen resides within, proximity to the posterior Bladder Water causes aversion to cold, while proximity to the anterior Yang Ming Dryness causes fever, resulting in alternating chills and fever. This represents the interior-exterior relationship among the three Yang meridians, not the general interior-exterior relationship. One must not mistake this "interior" for an interior condition suitable for immediate purgation. Therefore, this medication serves as a harmonizing agent, neither inducing sweating nor purging.