仲景曰∶病有洒淅恶寒而复发热者,阳脉不足,阴往乘之;阴脉不足,阳往乘之。
武叔卿曰∶血闭于阳经,荣卫之行不通则寒;血闭于阴经,荣卫之行不通则热。必瘀通而后寒热自已。
沈尧封曰∶后条是瘀血,前条是阴阳相乘,甚则俱有战栗者。治瘀血宜夺命丹;调补阴阳,轻则归
建中,重则桂附八味。
王海藏云∶头汗出至颈而还,额上偏多。盖额为六阳之会,由虚热熏蒸而出也。
沈尧封曰∶汗出不止,属气血两虚。炒黄 五钱,酒炒白芍三钱,归身二钱,炒枣仁二钱,炙甘草一钱,
炒小麦三钱,南枣肉三钱,煎服,神效。与眩晕条吕姓妇一案参证。
沈尧封曰∶乙亥初夏,傅木作妇,产时去血过多,随寒战汗出,便泻不止。余用大剂真武,干姜易生姜,
两剂,战少定,而汗、泻如故。又服两日,寒战复作,余用补中汤去人参,加附子两剂。病者云∶我肚里大
热,口渴喜饮,然汗出下利,寒战仍不减。正凝神思虑间,其母曰∶彼大孔如洞,不能收闭,谅无活理。余
改用黄 五钱炒,北五味四钱捣,白芍三钱炒,归身一钱五分炒,甘草一钱五分炒,茯苓二钱,大枣三个。
一剂病减,四剂而愈。
王孟英曰∶观此案则可见气虚不能收摄者,宜甘温以补之,酸涩以收之,不可用辛热走泄以助火而食气也。
尧封又曰∶邹氏妇,产后便泄,余用参附温补药,未效。新城吴敬一诊云∶虚寒而兼下陷,用补中益气
加熟地、茯苓、桂、附,应手取效。以是知方论内言下虚不可升提,不尽然也。
尧封又曰∶陆姓妇,产后三日发疹,细而成粒,不稀不密。用荆芥、蝉蜕、鼠粘子等药,一剂,头面俱
透。越一日,渐有回意,忽大便溏泄数次,觉神气不宁。问其所苦?曰热,曰渴。语言皆如抖出,脉虚细
数,有七至。我师金大文诊之曰∶此阳脱证也,属少阴。用生附子三钱,水洗略浸,切片, 如炒米色,
炮姜八分,炒甘草一钱,炒白芍一钱五分,水煎,冲入童便一调羹,青鱼胆汁四小茶匙。(因夜中无猪胆,
故以此代。羊胆亦可)服毕即睡,觉来热渴俱除。续用黄 建中汤加丹参、苏木,二剂而安。
沈尧封曰∶产妇恶露不行,余血渗入大肠,洞泄不禁,或下青黑物,的奇散极验。荆芥大者四五穗,于
盏内燃火烧成灰,不得犯油火,入麝香少许,研匀,沸汤一两呷调下。此药虽微,能愈大病,慎弗忽视!
《千金》胶蜡汤∶治产后利。黄蜡二棋子大,阿胶二钱,当归二钱半,黄连三钱,黄柏一钱,陈米半升
煎汤,煎药服。
张仲景说:疾病表现为怕冷如冷水洒身,随后又发热的,是阳脉虚弱,阴气乘虚侵袭;若是阴脉虚弱,则是阳气乘虚侵袭。
武叔卿说:血液郁闭在阳经,营气和卫气的运行不通畅就会发冷;血液郁闭在阴经,营气和卫气的运行不通畅就会发热。必须使瘀血通畅,寒热症状才会自然停止。
沈尧封说:后面的条文讲的是瘀血,前面的条文讲的是阴阳相互乘袭,严重时都会出现战栗。治疗瘀血适宜用夺命丹;调理补益阴阳,轻症用归建中汤,重症用桂附八味丸。
王海藏说:头汗出到颈部就停止,额头部位出汗较多。因为额头是六条阳经交汇之处,是由于虚热熏蒸而导致的出汗。
沈尧封说:出汗不止,属于气血两虚。炒黄芪五钱,酒炒白芍三钱,当归身二钱,炒酸枣仁二钱,炙甘草一钱,炒小麦三钱,南枣肉三钱,煎服,效果神奇。可与眩晕章节中吕姓妇女的医案互相参照验证。
沈尧封说:乙亥年初夏,傅木作的妻子,分娩时失血过多,随即出现寒战、出汗,腹泻不止。我用大剂量的真武汤,将生姜改为干姜,服用两剂后,寒战稍微安定,但出汗和腹泻依旧。又服用两天,寒战再次发作,我改用补中益气汤去掉人参,加入附子,服用两剂。病人说:“我肚子里很热,口渴喜欢喝水,但是出汗和下利,寒战仍然没有减轻。”我正凝神思考之际,病人的母亲说:“她肛门像洞一样,无法闭合,恐怕没有活理了。”我改用炒黄芪五钱,捣碎的北五味子四钱,炒白芍三钱,炒当归身一钱五分,炒甘草一钱五分,茯苓二钱,大枣三个。服用一剂病情减轻,服用四剂痊愈。
王孟英说:看这个医案就可以知道,气虚不能固摄的,适宜用甘温的药物来补益,用酸涩的药物来收敛,不可使用辛热走泄的药物来助火耗气。
沈尧封又说:邹姓妇女,产后大便泄泻,我用参附等温补药物,没有见效。新城吴敬一诊断说:这是虚寒兼有气机下陷,用补中益气汤加熟地黄、茯苓、桂枝、附子,立刻见效。由此可知,方论中说下焦虚损不可升提,并不完全正确。
沈尧封又说:陆姓妇女,产后三天发疹,细小如米粒,不稀疏也不密集。用荆芥、蝉蜕、牛蒡子等药物,服用一剂,头面部皮疹全部透出。过了一天,皮疹逐渐消退,忽然大便溏泄数次,感觉神气不安宁。询问她的痛苦?她说发热,说口渴。说话声音都像颤抖着发出,脉象虚细数,每息七至。我的老师金大文诊断说:这是阳气外脱的证候,属于少阴病。用生附子三钱,水洗略浸泡,切片,炒至如炒米颜色,炮姜八分,炒甘草一钱五分,炒白芍一钱五分,水煎,冲入童子尿一调羹,青鱼胆汁四小茶匙。(因为夜里没有猪胆,所以用这个代替。羊胆也可以)服完后立即入睡,醒来后发热和口渴都消除了。接着用黄芪建中汤加丹参、苏木,服用两剂而安稳。
沈尧封说:产妇恶露不行,余血渗入大肠,导致洞泄不禁,或者排出青色黑色的物质,的奇散非常有效。取大的荆芥穗四五把,在盏中点燃烧成灰,不能沾染油火,加入少许麝香,研匀,用一两沸水调服。这个药虽然轻微,却能治愈大病,千万不要忽视!
《千金》胶蜡汤:治疗产后痢疾。黄蜡两块棋子大小,阿胶二钱,当归二钱半,黄连三钱,黄柏一钱,陈米半升煎汤,用药汁送服药液。
Zhang Zhongjing stated: When a disease presents with aversion to cold as if splashed by water, followed by fever, it is due to deficiency of Yang pulse, allowing Yin to invade; if the Yin pulse is deficient, then Yang invades.
Wu Shuqing stated: When blood is obstructed in the Yang meridians, the unimpeded flow of Ying (Nutritive Qi) and Wei (Defensive Qi) leads to cold; when blood is obstructed in the Yin meridians, the unimpeded flow of Ying and Wei leads to heat. Only after the blood stasis is resolved will the cold and heat symptoms cease naturally.
Shen Yaofeng stated: The latter clause refers to blood stasis, while the former refers to mutual invasion of Yin and Yang. In severe cases, both present with shivering. For treating blood stasis, Deming Dan (Life-Restoring Pill) is suitable. To regulate and tonify Yin and Yang, for mild cases, Guijianzhong Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) is used; for severe cases, Guifu Bawei Wan (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Eight-Ingredient Pill) is used.
Wang Haizang stated: Head sweating that stops at the neck, with more sweat on the forehead. This is because the forehead is the convergence point of the six Yang meridians, caused by steaming from deficiency heat.
Shen Yaofeng stated: Continuous sweating belongs to deficiency of both Qi and Blood. Use stir-fried Huangqi (Astragali Radix) 5 qian, wine-stir-fried Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) 3 qian, Danggui Shen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 2 qian, stir-fried Zaoren (Ziziphi Spinosomi Semen) 2 qian, roasted Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 1 qian, stir-fried Xiaomai (Tritici Fructus) 3 qian, and Nan Zao Rou (Date Flesh) 3 qian. Decoct and take orally; the effect is miraculous. This can be cross-referenced with the case of the woman surnamed Lv in the dizziness section.
Shen Yaofeng stated: In early summer of the Yihai year, the wife of Fu Muzuo lost excessive blood during childbirth, followed immediately by chills, sweating, and continuous diarrhea. I prescribed a large dose of Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction), replacing fresh ginger with dried ginger. After two doses, the chills subsided slightly, but sweating and diarrhea persisted. After taking it for another two days, the chills returned. I then modified Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) by removing Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and adding Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), administered for two doses. The patient said, "My abdomen feels very hot, and I am thirsty and desire to drink, yet despite the sweating and diarrhea, the chills remain unchanged." While I was pondering deeply, the patient's mother said, "Her anus is like a hole, unable to close, there is likely no hope for survival." I changed the prescription to stir-fried Huangqi (Astragali Radix) 5 qian, crushed Bei Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) 4 qian, stir-fried Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) 3 qian, stir-fried Danggui Shen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 1.5 qian, stir-fried Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 1.5 qian, Fuling (Poria) 2 qian, and three Dazao (Jujubae Fructus). One dose reduced the illness, and four doses led to recovery.
Wang Mengying stated: From this case, it can be seen that for conditions where Qi deficiency fails to secure and hold, it is appropriate to use sweet-warm herbs to tonify them and sour-astringent herbs to consolidate them. One should not use pungent-hot dispersing herbs to assist fire and consume Qi.
Shen Yaofeng further stated: Regarding Mrs. Zou, who had postpartum diarrhea, my use of Shenfu Wenbu (Ginseng and Aconite Warming Tonification) medicines was ineffective. Wu Jingyi from Xincheng diagnosed it as deficiency-cold combined with sinking of Qi, and prescribed Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) plus Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Fuling (Poria), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), and Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), achieving immediate effect. Thus, we know that statements in formula theories saying that lower deficiency cannot be lifted are not entirely correct.
Shen Yaofeng further stated: Mrs. Lu developed a rash three days after childbirth, small and granular, neither sparse nor dense. Using Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Chantui (Cicadae Periostracum), and Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), one dose allowed the rash to fully emerge on the head and face. The next day, it began to recede, but suddenly she had several episodes of loose stools and felt her spirit unsettled. Asked about her suffering, she reported heat and thirst. Her speech sounded trembling. Her pulse was deficient, fine, rapid, with seven beats per respiration. My teacher Jin Dawen diagnosed it as Yang collapse syndrome, belonging to Shaoyin (Lesser Yin). He prescribed raw Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix) 3 qian, washed and briefly soaked, sliced, stir-fried until the color of fried rice, Paogjiang (Prepared Ginger Rhizome) 0.8 fen, stir-fried Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 1.5 qian, stir-fried Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) 1.5 qian. Decoct in water, add one spoonful of Tongbian (Child's Urine) and four small teaspoons of Qingyu Danzhi (Green Fish Gallbladder Juice). (Since pig gallbladder was unavailable at night, this was used as a substitute; sheep gallbladder is also acceptable). After taking it, she slept immediately. Upon waking, the heat and thirst were gone. Subsequently, Huangqi Jianzhong Tang (Astragalus and Cinnamon Twig Decoction to Build the Middle) plus Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix) and Sumu (Daemonorops Draco) were used for two doses, leading to stability.
Shen Yaofeng stated: When postpartum lochia does not discharge, and residual blood seeps into the Large Intestine, causing uncontrollable profuse diarrhea or passage of green-black matter, Deqi San (Deqi Powder) is extremely effective. Take four or five large spikes of Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), burn them to ash in a cup without contact with oil or fire, add a small amount of Shexiang (Moschus), grind uniformly, and mix with one liang of boiling water to take orally. Although this medicine is mild, it can cure serious illnesses; do not neglect it!
Qianjin Jiao La Tang (Gelatin and Beeswax Decoction from Qianjin Fang): Treats postpartum dysentery. Use beeswax equivalent to two chess pieces, Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla) 2 qian, Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 2.5 qian, Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 3 qian, Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) 1 qian. Decoct Chenmi (Aged Rice) half sheng in water to make soup, then decoct the medicine in this soup and take.