凡妇人生育,此造化自然之理,古今之常事。而临产者,每抱忧疑,皆由未明此理之故。
盖造化原不令人难产,人多不晓调摄,因而难生。造化原不令人逆生,人多慌忙逼死,因而逆生。难逆
两端关系二命,倘平时不知讲求,则临产必致误事。至稳婆不可不用,亦不可专意听
信倚靠。缘彼无书传,无师授,此理全然不知,多执己见,胡做乱为,误人性命。
凡为夫君者,宜平日家中讲谈,令妇人习闻,有孕知调养,临
产有主张,不惧怕不早用力,自无难产逆生之害。
以受胎后论,即不能如古人胎教,凡宜禁忌者,以当省悟。
以临产时论,胎至十月,形完气壮,手足必动,子动则母必腹痛,痛急则胞衣必破,子自出,胞衣而下。
苟不忍耐顺时,若见腹痛半日一日不生为难产,则恐错到底矣。不知儿未出胞衣,倘用药符催其速生,一催
之间多致误事。岂知天地生物胎卵蠢动,皆自生自养,何尝用药用符。故临产切不可慌张,即三五日不产亦
不妨,须要忍痛安心,自然分娩。万一遇有胎坏腹中之症,亦无
待惊慌,自有妙药,能将死胎化水,脱然而下也。
一因安逸,盖妇人怀胎,血以养之,气以护之,宜常时微劳,令气血周流胞胎活动。如久坐久卧,以致
气不营运,血不流顺,胎亦沉滞不活动,故令难产。常见田野劳苦之妇,忽然途中腹痛,立便生产可知。
二因奉养,盖胎之肥瘦,气通于母,母之所嗜,胎之所养,如恣食浓味,故致胎肥而难产。常见藜藿
之家,容易生产可证。
三因淫欲,古者妇人怀孕即居别室,与夫异寝,以淫欲最所当禁。盖胎在胞中,全赖气血育养,静则神藏
荫胎,若情欲一动,火扰于中,气血因而沸腾,三月以前犯之,则易动胎小产。三月以后犯之;一则胞衣太浓
而难产,一则胎元漏泄,子多肥白而不寿,何不观之物乎,人与物均禀精血以生,惟人之生子,不能胎
胎顺,个个存,而牛马犬豕胎胎俱易,个个无损,且并未见有坠胎,以及难产者,何也,缘牛马犬豕一受胎
后,则牝牡绝不相交,而人受孕未能禁绝,矧有纵而无度者乎。
四因忧疑,今人求子之心虽切,保胎之计甚疏,或问卜信巫妄言祸患,或适闻产变,常怀忧惧,心悬意
怯,因致难产。
五因软怯,如少妇初产,神气怯弱,子户未舒,腰曲不伸,辗
转倾侧,儿不得出。又中年妇人,生育即多,气虚血少,产亦艰难。
六因仓皇有等,愚蠢稳婆,不审正产弄产,但见腹痛,速令
努力,产妇无主,只得听从,以致横倒,子母不保。
七因虚之孕妇,当产时儿未欲生,用力太早,及儿欲出母力
已之,令儿停住,因而产户干涩,惟大补气血,助之可也。
凡妇女生育,这是造化自然的道理,是古今常有的事。而临产时,常常怀着忧虑怀疑的心情,都是因为不明白这个道理的缘故。
大概造化原本不让人难产,是人大多不懂得调养摄生,因而导致难产。造化原本不让人胎位不正(逆生),是人大多在临产时慌张失措、强行逼迫致死,因而导致胎位不正。难产和胎位不正这两端关系到两条性命,如果平时不知道研究探讨,那么临产时必定会导致误事。至于接生的稳婆不可不用,但也不可专门听信倚靠。因为她们没有书籍传承,没有老师教授,完全不懂其中的道理,大多固执己见,胡乱作为,误人性命。
凡是做丈夫的,应当在平日家中讲谈,让妇人经常听闻,怀孕时知道调养,临产时有主见,不害怕、不早用力,自然就没有难产和胎位不正的危害。
从受孕之后来说,即使不能像古人那样进行胎教,凡是应当禁忌的事情,都应当反省觉悟。
从临产时来说,胎儿到十月,形体完备、元气壮实,手足必然活动,胎儿动则母亲必然腹痛,疼痛剧烈则胞衣必然破裂,胎儿自然产出,胞衣随之而下。
如果不能忍耐顺应时机,如果看到腹痛半天或一天不生就认为是难产,那就恐怕错到底了。不知道胎儿尚未出胞衣,如果使用药物符咒催促其快速出生,一催促之间多会导致误事。哪里知道天地化生万物,无论是胎生还是卵生,都是自生自养,何曾使用药物符咒。所以临产时切不可慌张,即使三五天不生也无妨,必须要忍痛安心,自然分娩。万一遇到胎死腹中的病症,也无需惊慌,自有妙药,能将死胎化为水液,轻松地产下。
第一因安逸:大概妇人怀胎,血用来滋养它,气用来护卫它,适宜经常有轻微的劳作,使气血周流,胞胎活动。如久坐久卧,导致气不运行,血不流畅,胎儿也会沉滞不活动,所以导致难产。常见田野间劳苦的妇人,忽然在路上腹痛,立刻就能生产,由此可知。
第二因奉养:大概胎儿的肥瘦,与母体的气相通,母亲所嗜好的食物,就是胎儿所供养的,如放纵饮食浓味厚腻之物,所以导致胎儿过肥而难产。常见吃粗茶淡饭的人家,容易生产,可以证明。
第三因淫欲:古时候妇人怀孕就居住在别室,与丈夫分床睡觉,因为淫欲是最应当禁止的。大概胎儿在胞中,全赖气血育养,安静则神藏荫护胎儿,如果情欲一动,火气扰动于中,气血因此沸腾,三月以前犯之,则容易动胎小产。三月以后犯之;一则胞衣太厚而难产,二则胎元漏泄,孩子大多肥白但不长寿,为什么不观察其他动物呢?人与动物都禀受精血而生,只有人生子,不能个个顺产、个个存活,而牛马犬猪却胎胎都容易,个个无损,且并未见到有坠胎以及难产的,为什么呢?因为牛马犬猪一旦受孕后,雌雄就不再相交,而人受孕未能禁绝,何况有放纵无度的人呢。
第四因忧疑:现在人求子之心虽然迫切,保胎的计划却很疏略,或者问卜信巫妄言祸患,或者刚听到生产变故,常常怀着忧愁恐惧,心神悬怯,因而导致难产。
第五因软怯:如年轻妇人初次生产,神气怯弱,子户未舒展,腰曲伸不直,辗转倾侧,胎儿不得出。又中年妇人,生育次数多,气虚血少,生产也艰难。
第六因仓皇:有等愚蠢的稳婆,不审辨正产还是弄产(假临产),只要看见腹痛,就速令产妇努力,产妇没有主见,只得听从,以致横倒,母子都不保全。
第七因虚:孕妇在当产时,胎儿未想出生,用力太早,等到胎儿想出来时,母亲的力气已耗尽,令胎儿停住,因而产道干涩,只有大补气血,帮助它才可以。
The childbirth of women is a natural process of creation and a common occurrence in ancient and modern times. However, those approaching delivery often harbor anxiety and doubt, which stems from a lack of understanding of this principle.
Creation itself does not intend for difficult labor; it is that people generally fail to understand proper regulation and care, leading to dystocia. Creation itself does not intend for malpresentation (abnormal fetal position); it is that people panic and force the birth prematurely during labor, leading to malpresentation. Both dystocia and malpresentation involve two lives. If one does not study these matters beforehand, mistakes will inevitably occur at the time of delivery. While midwives are indispensable, one should not rely on them exclusively or trust them blindly. This is because they lack formal textual transmission and master-apprentice instruction, knowing nothing of the underlying principles. They often cling to their own views and act recklessly, endangering lives.
Husbands should discuss these matters at home regularly so that their wives become familiar with them. During pregnancy, they should know how to regulate their health; during labor, they should have clear judgment, avoiding fear and premature pushing, thereby naturally avoiding the harms of dystocia and malpresentation.
Regarding the period after conception, even if one cannot follow the ancient practices of prenatal education (Taijiao), one must be aware and avoid all contraindications.
Regarding the time of labor, when the fetus reaches ten months, its form is complete and its Qi is robust. Its hands and feet will move. When the fetus moves, the mother experiences abdominal pain. When the pain becomes urgent, the amniotic sac ruptures, and the fetus is born naturally, followed by the placenta.
If one cannot endure and wait for the right time, and considers labor difficult simply because there has been no delivery after half a day or a day of abdominal pain, one would be gravely mistaken. One must realize that as long as the fetus has not exited the amniotic sac, using drugs or talismans to hasten delivery will likely cause errors. Does one not see that all living things generated by Heaven and Earth, whether viviparous or oviparous, grow and nourish themselves? Who uses drugs or talismans for this? Therefore, during labor, one must absolutely avoid panic. Even if delivery takes three to five days longer, it is not a problem. One must endure the pain with a calm mind, and natural delivery will occur. In the rare event of intrauterine fetal demise, there is no need for panic; there are effective remedies that can dissolve the dead fetus into fluid, allowing it to pass away easily.
First cause: Indolence. Pregnancy relies on blood to nourish the fetus and Qi to protect it. It is beneficial to engage in mild physical activity to ensure the free circulation of Qi and Blood, keeping the uterus active. Prolonged sitting or lying down causes Qi stagnation and Blood stasis, making the fetus sluggish and inactive, thus leading to dystocia. It is commonly observed that laboring women in the fields who suddenly experience abdominal pain while traveling give birth immediately, illustrating this point.
Second cause: Excessive Nourishment. The fatness or thinness of the fetus correlates with the mother's Qi. What the mother craves and consumes nourishes the fetus. Indulging in rich and heavy flavors leads to an overly large fetus, causing dystocia. This is evidenced by the fact that families consuming coarse, simple diets typically experience easier deliveries.
Third cause: Sexual Intercourse. In ancient times, pregnant women lived in separate quarters and slept apart from their husbands, as sexual activity was strictly prohibited during pregnancy. The fetus in the womb relies entirely on Qi and Blood for nourishment. Stillness allows the Shen (Spirit) to reside within and protect the fetus. If desire arises, internal Heat disturbs the body, causing Qi and Blood to boil. If this occurs before the third month, it may lead to threatened miscarriage or spontaneous abortion. If it occurs after the third month, it may result in a thickened amniotic sac causing dystocia, or leakage of the fetal Yuan Qi, resulting in children who are fat and white but short-lived. Why not observe other animals? Humans and animals are both born from Essence and Blood. Yet, human births are not always smooth, nor do all infants survive, whereas cattle, horses, dogs, and pigs are born easily, without loss, and rarely suffer miscarriage or dystocia. Why? Because once cattle, horses, dogs, and pigs conceive, males and females cease mating. Humans, however, do not abstain after conception, let alone those who indulge without restraint.
Fourth cause: Worry and Doubt. Although people today are eager to conceive, their plans for preserving the pregnancy are often negligent. They may consult fortune-tellers or shamans who speak falsely of disasters, or they may hear of birth complications and live in constant fear. This mental tension and timidity can lead to dystocia.
Fifth cause: Weakness and Timidity. Young women giving birth for the first time may have weak Shen and Qi, and their cervical os may not yet be fully dilated. Their backs may be curved and unable to straighten, and they may toss and turn, preventing the fetus from descending. Similarly, middle-aged women who have had many births may suffer from Qi deficiency and Blood insufficiency, making labor difficult.
Sixth cause: Panic. Some foolish midwives fail to distinguish between true labor and false labor (Braxton Hicks contractions). Upon seeing abdominal pain, they urgently instruct the woman to push. Lacking guidance of her own, the woman complies, leading to improper positioning and endangering both mother and child.
Seventh cause: Deficiency. During labor, if the fetus is not yet ready to descend but the mother pushes too early, and then exhausts her strength before the fetus is ready to exit, the fetus may stall. This results in a dry and tight vaginal canal. In such cases, only by strongly tonifying Qi and Blood can the situation be assisted.