妇女杂病率与男子同,唯经血、胎产诸证自为一类,而其中派分枝析,变亦不可胜穷矣。概述诸书,虽证各有论,
而论不熟病之情;各有方,而方不尽治之变,以故治妇人者往往操一二方以疗众病,一不应而技穷,斯法不备之过也。
古方《产宝大全》而外,唯薛新甫推展敷衍,颇补前人所未备,而《医案》一书,并列杂病于其中,即其着论立方,与
疗男子,夫岂有殊焉。嗣见同年王宇泰氏所辑《女科准绳》,广搜博采,古今悉备。然一切杂病,亦复循薛氏例而概收
之,不无骈枝赘疣之病。且分条不整,序次无伦,非耳目所素习者,卒观之而莫得其要也。余究心兹术,亦既有年,兹
于公事之暇,手为搜集,汰去诸杂证,而专以妇人所独者汇为一书。又门分类别,而纲之下,各系以目,名曰《济阴纲
目》。
盖证各有论,其寒、热、虚、实及标本、浅深之致,颇悉其情,而各有方。其于温凉补泻及缓急轻重之宜,亦尽其变。
庶览者不难因论识病,因病取方,一展卷而犁然提掌,即庸工下医,亦可随手而取效也。虽然,医者意也。许胤宗善医
而不着书,谓意所解者口莫能宣也。余所集,悉前人绪余,谓可因是而解方术,非谓以是而尽方术也,是在善学人
神而明之,变通而用之,期斫轮之妙,承蜩之巧,不难致已。
妇女的杂病发生率与男子相同,唯独经血、胎产等病症自成一类,而其中派生分支,变化也是不可穷尽的。综述各类医书,虽然对每种病症都有论述,但论述未能透彻了解疾病的实际情况;虽然有各种方剂,但方剂不能完全应对治疗的变通,因此治疗妇人病的医生往往拿着少数几个方子来治疗多种疾病,一旦无效便无计可施,这是方法不完备的过错。
除了古方《产宝大全》之外,只有薛新甫(薛己)加以推演发挥,颇补前人所未完备之处,而他的《医案》一书,将杂病并列其中,即使是他所著立的论点和处方,与治疗男子病相比,难道有什么不同吗?后来见到同年王宇泰氏所编纂的《女科准绳》,广泛搜集采择,古今内容都具备。然而一切杂病,也遵循薛氏的先例一并收录,不免有冗杂累赘之弊。而且分条不够整齐,次序没有条理,不是平时熟悉的人,突然阅读也难以抓住要领。
我钻研这门医术,也已经有了些年头,现在在公务之余,亲手进行搜集,剔除各种杂证,专门将妇女独有的病症汇集成一本书。又按门类分类别,在“纲”之下,各自附上“目”,命名为《济阴纲目》。
大概每种病症都有论述,其寒、热、虚、实以及标本、浅深的情况,颇为详尽地了解,并且各有对应的方剂。对于温凉补泻以及缓急轻重的适宜程度,也穷尽了其中的变化。希望读者不难通过论述认识疾病,根据疾病选取方剂,一展开书卷就能条理清晰地掌握要领,即使是平庸的医生,也可以随手取得疗效。
虽然如此,医者靠的是意会。许胤宗善于治病但不著书立说,认为心意所领悟的东西,口头无法完全表达出来。我所收集的,都是前人的残余成果,说是可以通过这些来理解方术,并不是说通过这些就能穷尽方术的全部,这在于善于学习的人能够心神领会,明辨事理,变通地运用它,期望达到像轮扁斫轮那样的精妙和佝偻承蜩那样的灵巧,并不难实现。
The incidence of miscellaneous diseases in women is the same as that in men, except for disorders related to menstruation, pregnancy, and childbirth, which form a distinct category. The derivations and subdivisions within this category are countless, and their variations are inexhaustible. A review of various medical texts reveals that although each syndrome has its own discussion, these discussions often fail to thoroughly grasp the actual nature of the disease; although there are various prescriptions, they do not fully account for the flexibility required in treatment. Consequently, practitioners treating women's diseases often rely on one or two formulas to treat numerous conditions. When these prove ineffective, they find themselves at a loss. This is due to the incompleteness of their methods.
Apart from the ancient text *Chanbao Daquan* (Complete Essentials of Obstetrics), only Xue Xinpu (Xue Ji) expanded upon previous works, supplementing what was lacking in earlier writings. However, his *Yi'an* (Medical Cases) includes miscellaneous diseases alongside gynecological ones, and his theories and prescriptions for women show no significant difference from those used for men. Later, I encountered *Nüke Zhunsheng* (Standard Rules for Gynecology) compiled by my fellow examinee Wang Yutai. It extensively collected materials, covering both ancient and modern knowledge. Nevertheless, it also followed Xue's precedent by including all miscellaneous diseases, resulting in redundancy and superfluity. Furthermore, its categorization was disorganized and lacked logical sequence, making it difficult for readers unfamiliar with the content to grasp the essentials quickly.
Having devoted myself to this field for many years, I took advantage of my spare time from official duties to personally collect relevant information. I excluded general miscellaneous diseases and focused exclusively on conditions unique to women, compiling them into a single book. Organized by categories and subcategories, with "Gang" (Outline) serving as the main headings and "Mu" (Details) as the subheadings, I named this work *Jiyin Gangmu* (Outline and Details for Aiding Women).
Each syndrome is discussed individually, detailing its cold, heat, deficiency, excess, root and branch aspects, as well as superficial and deep levels, thereby thoroughly understanding its nature. Corresponding prescriptions are provided for each. The appropriate use of warming, cooling, tonifying, and purging methods, along with considerations of urgency and severity, are fully explored. It is hoped that readers can easily identify diseases through the discussions and select prescriptions accordingly. Upon opening the book, the structure will be clear and manageable, enabling even mediocre physicians to achieve effective results readily.
However, medicine relies on intuitive understanding. Xu Yizong was skilled in healing but did not write books, stating that what is understood intuitively cannot always be expressed in words. My compilation consists entirely of remnants of previous scholars' work. I claim that one may understand medical principles through these texts, but not that these texts exhaust all medical knowledge. It is up to the diligent learner to internalize and illuminate these teachings, applying them flexibly. With such an approach, achieving the subtle skill of Bian Que carving wheels or the dexterity of the old man catching cicadas should not be difficult.