薛立斋曰∶血者水谷之精气也，和调五脏，洒陈六腑，在男子则化为精，在妇人则上为
乳汁，下为月水。故虽心主血，肝藏血，亦皆统摄于脾，补脾和胃，血自生矣。凡经行之际
，禁用苦寒辛散之药，饮食亦然。（知水谷之精气，是生血之本，则知脾胃是生血之源。故脾胃不健，而血不生者，不
可专主四物矣）
陈氏曰∶妇人月水不调，由风邪乘虚客于胞中，而伤冲任之脉，损手太阳少阴之经。盖
冲任之脉，皆起于胞中，为经络之海，与手太阳小肠、手少阴心经为表里，上为乳汁，下为
月水。然月水乃经络之余，苟能调摄得宜，则经应以时矣。（《千金》云妇人经行如斯，亦有为风所客者，可不知谨与。
经云∶二阳之病发心脾，男子少精，女子不月。此则又兼小肠而言，然小肠不过与心相合，岂可混解，故当以《素问》
为是）
脉经云∶师曰∶脉微血气俱虚，年少者亡血也，乳子下利为可；否者，此为居经（此言脉微气血两虚之居经），
三月一来。曰∶寸口脉微而涩，微则卫气不足，涩则血气无余。卫不足，其息短，其形躁。
血不足，其形逆，荣卫俱虚，言语谬误。趺阳脉浮而涩，涩则卫气虚，虚则短气，咽燥而口
苦，胃气涩，则失液。少阴脉微而迟，微则无精，迟则阴中寒，涩则血不来，此为居经，三
月一来。（此言寸脉微涩，及胃脉浮涩，阳下生阴之居经。）问曰∶妇人妊娠三月，师脉之，言此妇人非躯，今月经当下，
其脉何类？何以别之？
师曰∶寸口脉卫浮而大，荣反而弱，浮大则气强，反弱则少血，孤阳独呼，阴不能吸，二气
不停，卫降荣竭，阴为积寒，阳为聚热，阳盛不润，经络不足，阴虚阳往（一作实），故令少
血。时发洒淅，咽燥汗出，或溲稠数，多唾涎沫，此令重虚，津液漏泄，故知非躯。畜烦满
血，月禀一经，三月一来，阴盛则泻，名曰居经。（谓右脉浮大，左脉反弱也。）（盖女子尺脉宜盛，今反见弱，是荣不
足于下也。寸口卫脉浮大者，卫气盛于上也，经曰至阳盛地气不足，故曰反也。举寸以该尺耳，此言阳脉浮大，阴脉反
弱之居经）
薛立斋说：血是水谷的精微之气，它调和五脏，布散六腑。在男子身上则转化为精，在女子身上则上行为乳汁，下行为月经。因此，虽然心主司血液，肝贮藏血液，但都统摄于脾。补益脾胃、调和胃气，血液自然就会生成。凡是行经期间，禁用苦寒和辛散的药物，饮食也应当注意这一点。（明白了水谷的精微之气是生成血液的根本，就知道脾胃是生成血液的源头。所以如果因为脾胃不健康而导致血液不生，就不能专门只依赖四物汤。）
陈氏说：女子月经不调，是因为风邪趁虚侵入胞宫，从而损伤了冲脉和任脉，损害了手太阳小肠经和手少阴心经。这是因为冲脉和任脉都起源于胞宫，被称为经络之海，与手太阳小肠经、手少阴心经互为表里，上行化为乳汁，下行化为月经。然而月经不过是经络中剩余的血液，如果能够调摄得当，月经就能按时来潮。（《千金方》记载女子行经情况如此，也有被风邪侵袭的情况，怎能不知道谨慎对待呢？经文说：阳明经的病发于心脾，男子会出现精气减少，女子会出现闭经。这里又兼及小肠来说，然而小肠不过是与心相配合，怎么能混淆解释，所以应当以《素问》的说法为准。）
《脉经》说：老师说：脉象微弱表示气血都虚弱，年轻人出现这种情况是失血所致，如果是哺乳期且伴有腹泻则是可以理解的；否则，这就是“居经”（这里指脉象微弱、气血两虚的居经），三个月来一次月经。又说：寸口脉象微弱而涩，微弱说明卫气不足，涩滞说明气血有余尽。卫气不足，呼吸短促，身体躁动不安。血气不足，形体逆乱，营卫俱虚，言语错乱。趺阳脉象浮而涩，涩说明卫气虚，虚则气短，咽喉干燥且口苦，胃气涩滞，则津液流失。少阴脉象微弱而迟，微弱说明无精，迟说明阴部寒冷，涩滞说明血液不来，这就是居经，三个月来一次月经。（这里指寸脉微弱涩滞，以及胃脉浮涩，阳气下行生阴气的居经。）有人问：女子怀孕三个月时，医生诊脉，说这位女子并非身怀有孕，现在的月经应当来了，她的脉象是什么样的？如何区分呢？医生说：寸口脉象卫气浮大而营气反而弱，浮大说明气强，反弱说明血少，孤阳独自呼气，阴气不能吸气，二气不相协调，卫气下降而营血枯竭，阴气积聚为寒，阳气积聚为热，阳气盛而不能滋润，经络不足，阴虚而阳往（一作实），所以导致血少。时常发生战栗，咽喉干燥出汗，或者小便稠密频数，多唾涎沫，这称为重虚，津液漏泄，所以知道不是妊娠。蓄积烦满之血，每月禀受一经之气，三个月来一次，阴气盛则排泄，名叫居经。（谓右脉浮大，左脉反而弱。）（大概女子的尺脉应当旺盛，现在反而见弱，这是营气在下部不足的表现。寸口卫脉浮大的，是卫气在上部旺盛，经文说至阳盛而地气不足，所以说反常。举寸脉来概括尺脉罢了，这里说的是阳脉浮大、阴脉反而弱的居经。）
Xue Lizhai stated: Blood is the essence of water and grain. It harmonizes the five zang organs and distributes to the six fu organs. In men, it transforms into essence; in women, it ascends as milk and descends as menstruation. Therefore, although the Heart governs blood and the Liver stores blood, both are controlled by the Spleen. By tonifying the Spleen and harmonizing the Stomach, blood will naturally generate. During menstruation, bitter-cold and acrid-dispersing herbs should be strictly avoided, and diet should also be regulated. (Understanding that the essence of water and grain is the root of blood generation reveals that the Spleen and Stomach are the source of blood. Thus, if blood fails to generate due to Spleen deficiency, one cannot rely solely on Siwu Tang [Four Substances Decoction].)
Chen stated: Menstrual irregularities in women arise when wind-pathogens invade the uterus (Bao Gong) due to deficiency, damaging the Chong and Ren vessels and injuring the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian and Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian. The Chong and Ren vessels originate from the uterus and are known as the Sea of Meridians. They have a exterior-interior relationship with the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian and Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian, ascending to form milk and descending to form menstruation. However, menstruation is merely the surplus of the meridians. If properly regulated, menstruation will occur on time. (The *Qianjin Fang* notes that menstrual conditions can be caused by wind invasion; how can one neglect caution? The classic states: "Diseases of the Two Yangs originate in the Heart and Spleen; men suffer from scanty essence, women from amenorrhea." This mentions the Small Intestine, which pairs with the Heart, but should not be conflated. Therefore, the account in the *Suwen* [Basic Questions] is correct.)
The *Mai Jing* [Pulse Classic] states: The Master said, "A faint pulse indicates deficiency of both Qi and Blood. In young people, this results from blood loss; in nursing mothers with diarrhea, it may be acceptable; otherwise, this is termed 'Ju Jing' [Resident Menses], occurring once every three months." (This refers to Ju Jing characterized by faint pulses and dual deficiency of Qi and Blood.) It further states: "At the Cun Kou position, the pulse is faint and choppy. Faintness indicates insufficiency of Wei Qi [Defensive Qi]; choppy nature indicates exhaustion of Ying and Blood. Insufficient Wei Qi leads to shortness of breath and restlessness. Insufficient Blood leads to physical disharmony. When both Ying and Wei are deficient, speech becomes erroneous. At the Zu Yang position, the pulse is floating and choppy. Choppy indicates weak Wei Qi, leading to shortness of breath. Dry throat and bitter taste indicate stagnant Stomach Qi and loss of fluids. At the Shao Yin position, the pulse is faint and slow. Faintness indicates lack of Essence; slowness indicates cold in the yin region; choppy nature indicates absence of blood flow. This is Ju Jing, occurring once every three months." (This refers to Ju Jing where the Cun pulse is faint and choppy, and the Stomach pulse is floating and choppy, representing Yang descending to generate Yin.)
Question: When a woman is three months pregnant, the physician palpates the pulse and declares she is not pregnant, but her menses should arrive. What does her pulse resemble? How can it be distinguished?
Answer: The Master said: "At the Cun Kou position, the Wei aspect is floating and large, while the Ying aspect is surprisingly weak. Floating and large indicate strong Qi; surprisingly weak indicates scanty Blood. Solitary Yang exhales alone, while Yin cannot inhale. The two Qi do not interact; Wei descends while Ying depletes. Yin accumulates cold; Yang gathers heat. Excessive Yang lacks moistening properties, and the meridians are insufficient. Yin deficiency allows Yang to advance (or excess), resulting in scanty Blood. Symptoms include occasional chills, dry throat, sweating, thick frequent urination, and excessive salivation. This constitutes double deficiency with leakage of body fluids, confirming non-pregnancy. Accumulated blood causing fullness follows one meridian per month, arriving once every three months. When Yin is excessive, it discharges, named Ju Jing." (Referring to the Right pulse being floating and large, while the Left pulse is surprisingly weak.) (Generally, the Chi pulse in women should be vigorous; seeing weakness here indicates deficiency of Ying Qi below. The floating and large Wei pulse at Cun Kou indicates abundance of Wei Qi above. The classic states: 'When Supreme Yang is excessive, Earth Qi is insufficient,' hence termed 'surprising.' This uses the Cun position to represent the Chi position, describing Ju Jing characterized by floating-large Yang pulses and surprisingly weak Yin pulses.)