辛、苦，寒，有小毒。能制三黄、砒石、水银、丹砂，子名金荞麦。
酸、辛、苦，寒。取花白者根，铜刀刮去皮，薄切，以东流水浸两宿，同黑豆拌蒸，
用。得大蒜良，忌犬肉。赤者有毒，能伏 砂、砒石、雌黄、粉锡。
酸、咸、辛，寒，有毒，似萝卜根，断则流汁，黑凝如漆。甘草为使，恶门冬。
甘、辛、苦，寒，有小毒。以浆水煮之，晒干，锉用。赤小豆为使，反甘草，畏菖蒲
芦苇、鼠屎，恶薯蓣。
大戟近道多有之，生平泽最多，春生红牙如芍药，渐长丛似初生杨柳，高二三尺，中空，
折
恨
苦，寒，有毒。作连珠，大如指头，赤皮者佳，白者性劣，用水淘去黑汁。水清为度
面裹煨熟以去其毒。瓜蒂为使，恶远志，反甘草。
辛，温，有毒。去壳取色白者研烂，纸包压去油取霜用。服后泻。多以醋同粥吃。
浆水即止。
甘、辛，平，有毒。凡使以盐汤煮半日，去皮取子研用，服蓖麻者一生不得食炒豆
之胀死其油能伏丹砂、粉霜。取蓖麻油法，研烂入水煮之，有沫撇起，沫尽方止，取沫煎至
滴水不散为度。
辛、苦，寒，有毒。宜用葱管者，去头，用糯米汁煮之，晒干用。黄连为使反细辛、
药、人参、沙参、紫参、丹参、苦参、又与酒相反，同用杀人。恶大黄，畏葱白，服之吐
止，饮葱汤即止。今人以千年 为藜芦，非是。
【羊蹄根】味辛、苦，性寒，有小毒。能够制约三黄（黄连、黄芩、黄柏）、砒石、水银、丹砂的毒性。其种子名为金荞麦。
【藜芦】味酸、辛、苦，性寒。选取花色白色的藜芦根，用铜刀刮去外皮，切成薄片，用东流水浸泡两个夜晚，再与黑豆拌和蒸制后使用。遇到大蒜则药效增强，忌食犬肉。红色的藜芦有毒，能够伏制丹砂、砒石、雌黄、粉锡。
【另一种描述】味酸、咸、辛，性寒，有毒。形状像萝卜根，折断时会流出汁液，黑色凝固如漆。以甘草为引经药，畏恶天门冬。
【又一种描述】味甘、辛、苦，性寒，有小毒。用浆水煮沸，晒干，锉碎后使用。以赤小豆为引经药，反甘草，畏菖蒲、芦苇、鼠屎，恶薯蓣。
【大戟】近处道路多有生长，生于平地和沼泽最多。春天生出红色的芽如同芍药，逐渐长大丛生，形状像初生的杨柳，高二三尺，茎中空。
【续随子/千金子】味苦，微寒。三月采集茎叶，阴干。以小豆为引经药，恶薯蓣。
【狼毒】味苦，性寒，有毒。形态呈连珠状，大小如手指头，皮色赤红的为佳，白色的药性较差，用水淘洗去除黑汁。以水清为度，用面粉包裹煨熟以去除其毒性。以瓜蒂为引经药，恶远志，反甘草。
【天仙子】味辛，性温，有毒。去掉外壳，选取颜色白色的研烂，用纸包裹压榨去油取霜使用。服用后会腹泻。若过量，多以醋同粥吃可解。浆水即可止泻。
【蓖麻子】味甘、辛，性平，有毒。凡使用时，以盐汤煮半天，去皮取子研末使用。服用过蓖麻的人，一生不得食用炒豆，否则会因胀气而死。其油能伏制丹砂、粉霜。提取蓖麻油的方法：研烂后入水煮，有泡沫撇起，沫尽方止，取沫煎至滴水不散为度。
【藜芦】味辛、苦，性寒，有毒。宜选用葱管状的，去掉头部，用糯米汁煮之，晒干使用。以黄连为引经药，反细辛、玄参、人参、沙参、紫参、丹参、苦参；又与酒相反，同用杀人。恶大黄，畏葱白，服用后呕吐不止，饮葱汤即止。今人将千年的老根称为藜芦，这是错误的。
[Sheep's Foot Root] Pungent, bitter, cold, slightly toxic. It can restrain the toxicity of Sanhuang (Three Yellows: Coptidis Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Phellodendri Cortex), Realgar, Mercury, and Cinnabar. Its seed is named Jinqiaomai (Buckwheat).
[Liriope/Liriope Root] Sour, pungent, bitter, cold. Select the root of Liriope with white flowers, scrape off the skin with a copper knife, slice thinly, soak in flowing water from the east for two nights, mix with black soybeans, steam, and then use. It works well with garlic; avoid dog meat. The red variety is toxic and can subdue Cinnabar, Realgar, Orpiment, and Tin Oxide.
[Another Description] Sour, salty, pungent, cold, toxic. Resembles radish root; when broken, it exudes juice that solidifies black like lacquer. Licorice Root acts as an enabler; it is incompatible with Ophiopogon Root.
[Another Description] Sweet, pungent, bitter, cold, slightly toxic. Boil in sour rice wash, sun-dry, chop, and use. Adzuki Bean acts as an enabler; it is contrary to Licorice Root, fears Acorus Tatarinowii Rhizome, reed rhizome, and rat feces; it is inimical to Yam Rhizome.
[Euphorbia lathyris] Grows abundantly near roads, mostly in plains and marshes. In spring, red shoots emerge resembling Peony Root, gradually growing into clusters similar to young willow branches, two to three feet high, hollow stems.
[Spurges] Bitter, slightly cold. Harvest stems and leaves in March, dry in shade. Small bean acts as an enabler; it is inimical to Yam Rhizome.
[Stemona Root/Stemona Tubers] Bitter, cold, toxic. Forms bead-like clusters, size of a finger; those with reddish skin are superior, while white ones have inferior properties. Wash with water to remove black juice until clear. Wrap in flour and bake to remove toxicity. Melon Twig acts as an enabler; it is inimical to Polygala Root, contrary to Licorice Root.
[Hyoscyamus Seeds] Pungent, warm, toxic. Remove shells, select white parts, grind finely, wrap in paper, press to remove oil, and use the residue (frost). Causes diarrhea after ingestion. If overdosed, consume with vinegar and congee to stop it. Sour rice wash also stops it.
[Ricinus Seed] Sweet, pungent, flat, toxic. When used, boil in salt water for half a day, remove skin, take seeds, grind, and use. Those who have consumed Ricinus Seed must never eat fried beans in their lifetime, or they will die of bloating. Its oil can subdue Cinnabar and Tin Frost. Method to extract Ricinus Oil: Grind finely, boil in water, skim off foam until no more foam appears, then boil the foam until it does not disperse when dropped in water.
[Liriope Rhizome] Pungent, bitter, cold, toxic. Preferably use the variety resembling scallion tubes, remove heads, boil in glutinous rice juice, sun-dry, and use. Coptis Rhizome acts as an enabler; it is contrary to Asarum, Scrophularia Root, Ginseng, Glehnia Root, Codonopsis Root, Salvia Root, and Sophora Root; it is also contrary to wine, and simultaneous use can be fatal. It is inimical to Rhubarb, fears scallion white, causes vomiting if taken, which stops upon drinking scallion soup. Nowadays, people mistakenly call thousand-year-old roots as Liriope Rhizome, which is incorrect.