活人橘皮竹茹汤治哕逆严氏治吐利后胃虚膈热而咳逆
橘皮(一升) 竹茹(一升半) 甘草(二两炙) 人参(半两) 枣子(三十个) 生姜(半两)
上锉以水一斗煮取三升去滓温服一升日三服
按此出太阴呕哕例药也姜枣参橘亦是温药故三因云此治胃中虚冷但以此药比之姜桂丁香
则性平故从严氏入治热之剂
小柴胡汤治阳证咳逆
难知大承气汤治咳逆大便秘者
二方并见寒门
泻心汤治咳逆大便软利者
方见心下痞门
半夏生姜汤治哕欲死
半夏(洗一两一钱) 生姜(二两切)
上水二盏煎八分分作二服
橘皮干姜汤治哕
橘皮 通草 干姜 桂心 甘草(炙各二两) 人参(一两)
上锉每服四钱水煎温服日三次
按以上二方并太阴呕哕例药也
三因丁香散治咳逆
丁香 柿蒂(各一钱) 甘草(炙) 良姜(各半钱)
上为末热汤点二钱乘热服不拘时
严氏柿蒂汤治胸满咳逆不止
柿蒂 丁香(各一两)
上 咀四钱姜五片煎家珍有人参一味宝鉴有青陈皮二味并各等分为末水煎服
按以上二方并太阴阳明经药也
活人羌活附子散治咳逆严氏治吐利后胃寒咳逆
羌活 附子(炮) 茴香(微炒各半两) 木香 干姜(各一枣许大)
上细末每服一钱水一盏盐一捻同煎热服
三因方木香作丁香
按此太阳少阴太阴经药也
本事方治阴毒咳逆
川乌头 干姜(炮) 附子(炮) 肉桂 芍药 甘草(炙) 半夏 吴茱萸 陈皮 大黄
上等分为细末每服一钱姜五片煎去浊渣取清热服
按此三阴经药也
活人橘皮竹茹汤治疗呃逆。严氏（严用和）认为此方治疗吐利之后，胃气虚弱、膈间有热导致的咳嗽和气逆。
橘皮（一升）、竹茹（一升半）、甘草（二两，炙）、人参（半两）、大枣（三十个）、生姜（半两）。
以上药物切碎，用水一斗煎煮，取药汁三升，去渣滓，每次温服一升，每日服用三次。
按语：此方出自《伤寒论》太阴病呕吐呃逆的条目。方中姜、枣、参、橘皮均为温性药物，因此《三因极一病证方论》称其治疗胃中虚冷。但将此药与干姜、肉桂、丁香相比，其药性平和，所以从严氏的分类归入治热之剂。
小柴胡汤治疗阳证引起的咳嗽和气逆。
难经学派观点：大承气汤治疗伴有严重便秘的咳嗽和气逆。
这两个方子都见于寒门（治寒之剂章节）。
半夏生姜汤治疗呃逆剧烈，痛苦欲死者。
半夏（洗，一两一钱）、生姜（二两，切片）。
以上药物加水二盏，煎至八分，分两次服用。
橘皮干姜汤治疗呃逆。
橘皮、通草、干姜、桂心、甘草（炙，各二两）、人参（一两）。
以上药物切碎，每次服用四钱，水煎，温服，每日三次。
按语：以上两个方子都属于太阴病呕吐呃逆类别的药物。
三因丁香散治疗咳嗽和气逆。
丁香、柿蒂（各一钱）、甘草（炙）、高良姜（各半钱）。
以上药物研为细末，用热水冲服二钱，趁热服用，不限时间。
严氏柿蒂汤治疗胸中胀满、咳嗽和气逆不止。
柿蒂、丁香（各一两）。
以上药物捣碎，每次取四钱，加生姜五片煎煮。家珍本有人参一味，宝鉴本有青皮、陈皮二味，并各等分为末，水煎服用。
按语：以上两个方子都属于太阴经和阳明经的药物。
活人羌活附子散治疗咳嗽和气逆。严氏认为此方治疗吐利后胃寒引起的咳嗽和气逆。
羌活、附子（炮制）、小茴香（微炒，各半两）、木香、干姜（各如枣核大小）。
以上药物研成细末，每次服用一钱，加水一盏，盐一捻，同煎，热服。
三因方中木香作丁香使用。
按语：此方属于太阳经、少阴经、太阴经的药物。
本事方治疗阴毒引起的咳嗽和气逆。
川乌头、干姜（炮制）、附子（炮制）、肉桂、芍药、甘草（炙）、半夏、吴茱萸、陈皮、大黄。
以上药物研为细末，每次服用一钱，加生姜五片煎煮，去浊渣，取清液热服。
按语：此方属于三阴经的药物。
Huoren Jupi Zhuru Tang (Citrus Peel and Bamboo Shavings Decoction from the *Complete Works*) treats hiccups. Yan Shi (Yan Yonghe) states that this formula treats coughing and qi rebellion (coughing with upward rushing of Qi) occurring after vomiting and diarrhea, due to stomach Qi deficiency and heat in the diaphragm.
Chen Pi (Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae, 1 sheng), Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam, 1.5 sheng), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, 2 liang, honey-fried), Renshen (Radix Ginseng, 0.5 liang), Zaozi (Fructus Jujubae, 30 pieces), Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, 0.5 liang).
The above ingredients are chopped, boiled in one dou of water until reduced to three sheng of liquid. Strain the dregs, and take one sheng warm each time, three times a day.
Commentary: This formula originates from the section on vomiting and hiccups in Taiyin disease. Since Ginger, Jujube, Ginseng, and Citrus Peel are all warming herbs, *San Yin Ji Yi Bing Zheng Fang Lun* (Categories of Causes and Medical Formulas for All Diseases) claims it treats cold deficiency in the stomach. However, compared to dried ginger, cinnamon twig, and cloves, its nature is neutral; therefore, following Yan Shi's classification, it is included in the chapter treating heat conditions.
Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) treats coughing and qi rebellion arising from Yang syndromes.
Nan Jing school perspective: Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) treats coughing and qi rebellion accompanied by severe constipation.
Both formulas are found in the chapter treating cold conditions.
Xiexin Tang (Drain the Epigastrium Decoction) treats coughing and qi rebellion where the stool is soft and loose.
This formula is referenced in the chapter on epigastric fullness and obstruction.
Banxia Shengjiang Tang (Pinellia and Fresh Ginger Decoction) treats severe hiccups causing extreme distress.
Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata, washed, 1 qian 1 fen), Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, 2 liang, sliced).
Boil the above in two zhan of water until reduced to eight fen. Divide into two doses.
Jupi Ganjiang Tang (Citrus Peel and Dried Ginger Decoction) treats hiccups.
Chen Pi (Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae), Tongcao (Akebiae Caulis), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, honey-fried, 2 liang each), Renshen (Radix Ginseng, 1 liang).
Chop the above ingredients. Take 4 qian per dose, decoct in water, and take warm. Three times daily.
Commentary: The above two formulas belong to the category of medicines for vomiting and hiccups in Taiyin disease.
Sanyin Dingxiang San (Diospyros and Clove Powder from *San Yin Fang*) treats coughing and qi rebellion.
Dingxiang (Flos Caryophylli, 1 qian each), Shidi (Calyx Diospygi, 1 qian each), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, honey-fried), Liangjiang (Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum, 0.5 qian each).
Grind the above into powder. Mix 2 qian with hot water and take while hot. Time is not restricted.
Yan Shi Shidi Tang (Calyx Diospygi Decoction by Yan Shi) treats chest fullness and persistent coughing and qi rebellion.
Shidi (Calyx Diospygi, 1 liang each), Dingxiang (Flos Caryophylli, 1 liang each).
Crush the above. Take 4 qian per dose, decoct with five slices of ginger. The *Jiazhen* edition includes one ingredient of Renshen; the *Baojian* edition includes Qingpi (Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride) and Chenpi (Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae). All equal parts are ground into powder and taken as a decoction in water.
Commentary: The above two formulas belong to the medicines of the Taiyin and Yangming meridians.
Huoren Qianghuo Fuzi San (Notopterygium and Aconite Powder from the *Complete Works*) treats coughing and qi rebellion. Yan Shi states this treats coughing and qi rebellion caused by stomach cold after vomiting and diarrhea.
Qianghuo (Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, processed), Huixiang (Fructus Foeniculi, slightly stir-fried, 0.5 liang each), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum, amount equivalent to a date pit).
Grind finely into powder. Take 1 qian per dose with one zhan of water and a pinch of salt. Decoct together and take hot.
In *San Yin Fang*, Muxiang is replaced by Dingxiang.
Commentary: This formula belongs to the medicines of the Taiyang, Shaoyin, and Taiyin meridians.
Ben Shi Fang treats coughing and qi rebellion caused by Yin toxicity.
Chuan Wutou (Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Preparata), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum, processed), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, processed), Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, honey-fried), Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata), Wuzhuyu (Fructus Evodiae), Chenpi (Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei).
Grind the above into fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose, decoct with five slices of ginger. Strain off the turbid dregs, take the clear liquid, and consume hot.
Commentary: This formula belongs to the medicines of the Three Yin meridians.