桑白皮，味甘性寒无毒。可升可降，阳中之阴也。其用有二∶益元气不足而补虚劳；泻
肺气有余而止咳嗽。
野菊花味苦者名苦薏大伤胃不宜用又白菊花亦入药
甘菊花，味苦甘平，性微寒无毒。可升可降，阴中之阳也。其用有二∶散八风上注之头
眩；止两目欲脱之泪出。
红花，味辛，性温无毒。阳也，其用有四∶逐腹中恶血；而补虚之血；除产后败血，而
止血晕之晕。
赤石脂，味甘酸，性温无毒。降也，阳中之阴也。其用有二∶固肠胃有收敛之能；下胎
衣无推荡之峻。
臣
通草，味甘平，性微寒无毒。降也，阳中之阴也。其用有二∶阴窍涩而不利；水肿闭而
不行。涩闭两俱立验，因有通草之名。
乌梅，味酸平，性温无毒，可升可降，阴也。其用有二∶收肺气除烦止渴；主泄痢调胃
和中。
川椒，味辛，性大热有毒。浮也，阳中之阳也。其用有二∶用之于上，退两目之翳膜；
用之于下，除六腑之沉寒。
葳蕤，味甘平，性温无毒。降也，阳中之阴也。其用有四∶风淫四肢不用；泪出两目皆
烂；男子湿注腰痛；女子面黑 点，皆能疗治。
大戟为之使恶吴茱萸
秦皮，味苦性寒无毒。沉也，阴也。其用有四∶风寒邪合湿成痹；青白色幻翳遮睛；女
子崩中带下；小儿风热惊痫。
桑白皮，味甘，性寒，无毒。具有升和降的作用，属于阳中的阴药。它的作用有两个方面：一是补益元气不足，治疗虚劳；二是泻除肺气有余，止住咳嗽。
野菊花中味道苦的称为苦薏，大伤胃气，不宜使用；白色的菊花也可以入药。甘菊花，味苦、甘，性平，微寒，无毒。具有升和降的作用，属于阴中的阳药。它的作用有两个方面：一是疏散头部受八风侵袭引起的眩晕；二是止住双眼欲脱出的流泪症状。
红花，味辛，性温，无毒。属阳，它的作用有四个方面：一是驱逐腹中的恶血；二是补益因虚而致的血病；三是清除产后败血，四是止住因血晕引起的头晕。
赤石脂，味甘、酸，性温，无毒。主降，属于阳中的阴药。它的作用有两个方面：一是有固涩肠胃的收敛功能；二是排出胎衣时没有峻猛的推荡作用。
通草，味甘，性平，微寒，无毒。主降，属于阳中的阴药。它的作用有两个方面：一是治疗阴窍涩滞不通；二是治疗水肿导致的小便闭塞不通。对于涩症和闭症都有立竿见影的效果，因此得名“通草”。
乌梅，味酸，性平，性温，无毒，可升可降，属阴。它的作用有两个方面：一是收敛肺气，消除烦热，止渴；二是主治泄痢，调和脾胃，使中焦安和。
川椒，味辛，性大热，有毒。主浮，属于阳中的阳药。它的作用有两个方面：用于上部，可退去两目的翳膜；用于下部，可祛除六腑深处的寒邪。
葳蕤（玉竹），味甘，性平，性温，无毒。主降，属于阳中的阴药。它的作用有四个方面：一是治疗风邪导致的四肢不能活动；二是治疗流泪且双目溃烂；三是治疗男子湿注腰痛；四是治疗女子面色黧黑有斑点，这些病症都能治疗。
大戟是它的使药，与吴茱萸相恶。秦皮，味苦，性寒，无毒。主沉，属阴。它的作用有四个方面：一是治疗风寒湿邪合而为痹证；二是治疗青白色翳膜遮蔽眼睛；三是治疗女子崩漏带下；四是治疗小儿风热惊痫。
白头翁，味苦，性温，无毒。可升可降，属于阴中的阳药。它的作用有四个方面：一是消除男子阴疝偏侧肿胀；二是治疗小儿头秃及膻中腥臭；三是鼻衄（鼻出血）非此药无效；四是治疗痢疾全靠它收功。
Sangbaipi (Cortex Mori), sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. It can ascend and descend, belonging to Yin within Yang. Its functions are twofold: tonifying insufficient Yuan Qi (Original Qi) to treat deficiency consumptive diseases; draining excess Lung Qi to stop coughing.
Yejuhua (Wild Chrysanthemum Flower): those with a bitter taste are called Kuyi (Bitter Mugwort-like Herb), which severely damages the Stomach and should not be used; white chrysanthemum flowers also enter medicine. Ganjuhua (Sweet Chrysanthemum Flower), bitter and sweet in taste, neutral in nature, slightly cold, non-toxic. It can ascend and descend, belonging to Yang within Yin. Its functions are twofold: dispersing vertigo caused by the invasion of Eight Winds (pathogenic factors) to the head; stopping tearing from eyes that feel as if they will protrude.
Honghua (Carthamus Flower), pungent in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Belonging to Yang, its functions are fourfold: expelling evil blood in the abdomen; supplementing deficient blood; eliminating postpartum retained blood; and stopping dizziness caused by blood syncope.
Chishizhi (Halloysitum Rubrum), sweet and sour in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Descending, belonging to Yin within Yang. Its functions are twofold: possessing astringent properties to consolidate the intestines and stomach; expelling the placenta without harsh purgative force.
Tongcao (Akebia Stem), sweet in taste, neutral in nature, slightly cold, non-toxic. Descending, belonging to Yin within Yang. Its functions are twofold: treating obstruction and lack of flow in the yin orifices; treating edema with urinary retention. It shows immediate efficacy for both obstruction and retention conditions, hence the name "Tongcao" (Unblocking Grass).
Wumei (Mume Fruit), sour in taste, neutral in nature, warm, non-toxic, can ascend and descend, belonging to Yin. Its functions are twofold: astringing Lung Qi to relieve restlessness and thirst; primarily treating dysentery, harmonizing the Stomach and center.
Chuanjiao (Zanthoxylum Fruit), pungent in taste, extremely hot in nature, toxic. Floating, belonging to Yang within Yang. Its functions are twofold: when used on the upper body, it reduces nebulae (opacities) on the eyes; when used on the lower body, it eliminates deep cold in the Six Fu Organs.
Weirui (Polygonatum Rhizome / Solomon's Seal), sweet in taste, neutral in nature, warm, non-toxic. Descending, belonging to Yin within Yang. Its functions are fourfold: treating paralysis of the four limbs due to wind pathogen; treating tearing and ulceration of both eyes; treating lumbar pain due to dampness in men; treating dark complexion with spots in women; all these conditions can be treated.
Daji (Euphorbia Root) is its guiding herb; it is antagonistic to Wuzhuyu (Evodia Fruit). Qinpi (Ash Bark), bitter in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Sinking, belonging to Yin. Its functions are fourfold: treating Bi Syndrome (painful obstruction) formed by the combination of wind, cold, and dampness; treating greenish-white nebulae obscuring vision; treating metrorrhagia and leukorrhea in women; treating infantile convulsions due to wind-heat.
Baitouweng (Pulsatilla Root), bitter in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Can ascend and descend, belonging to Yang within Yin. Its functions are fourfold: eliminating hernia and unilateral swelling in men; treating alopecia capitis and fetid odor in the chest area of infants; epistaxis (nosebleed) is ineffective without this herb; dysentery relies entirely on it for successful treatment.