凡解一切中毒以及误吞金石、虫螫等证,俱汇于此部中,以便检阅参治。
雷真君曰∶世人有服砒霜之毒,五脏欲裂者,腹必大痛,舌必伸出,眼必流血
而死,最可怜也。急用泻毒神丹饮之,如立时大泻则生,否则死矣。此砒已入于脏,
非可用羊血生甘草上吐能愈,特又变下法救之,饮之如不泻,此肠已断矣,又何救
乎?倘用之早,未有不生者,不可执吐法而无变通。若初饮砒霜,但饮甘草羊血立
吐而愈,如不吐,速用泻毒神丹泻之,则无不救矣。(《活人录》)
凡中砒毒,其证烦躁如狂,心腹搅痛,头旋欲吐不吐,面色青黑四肢极冷者是。
凡服砒人不可仰卧,恐毒流四肢难治,愈后须忌百日烟、酒、姜、椒、煎、炒。(《愿体集》)
凡中信毒,因气脑自服者,急用香油一碗灌之,或吐或下即活。若系酒调者难
救,其毒发散于周身也。
陈远公曰∶服砒毒疼欲死,若不急救必腐肠胃,吐紫血而死。盖砒石乃天生之
石,不曾经火 炼,何毒至此,不知砒石生南岳之山,钟南山火毒,又经火气,则
其性大热,酷烈之至,安得不杀人哉!性又善走,砒石下喉,必升降于肠胃之上下,
往来数十次,肠剥皮穿,人乃死矣。疼欲死者,正毒瓦斯上下攻也,毒药之横,莫此
为甚,治法必吐出其毒,然不能尽出其毒
也,必用解毒之味,但初下喉,用羊血吐之,亦有能生之者,食久入胃,则无益矣。
宜用救死丹,久暂皆可救,用生甘草一两,玄参二两,地榆五钱,瓜蒂七个,水煎下
喉即吐,煮渣服之又吐,砒毒全解矣。
(甘草解毒,得瓜蒂上涌而吐,砒能上升,故引之尽出也。然砒又下行,得元参、地榆解大肠之火毒,砒之
大毒已从上而出,走下者亦余毒耳,得二味解之,则上下共相解纷,毒又何能施其燥烈哉。况元、榆俱润中解
毒,所以能制毒也,此方十可活八,若不吐者,此肠胃已坏,不可救矣,非方不效也,倘药不及,煎于饭锅中
煮灌之,庶不至因循失救也。)
凡是解除各种中毒,以及误吞金石、被虫咬伤等证候,都汇集在这部分中,以便查阅参考治疗。
雷真君说:世间有人服用砒霜中毒,五脏仿佛要裂开一样,腹部必然剧烈疼痛,舌头必然伸出,眼睛必然流血而死,最为可怜。紧急时使用泻毒神丹给患者服用,如果立刻发生剧烈腹泻就能存活,否则就会死亡。这是因为砒霜已经进入脏腑,不是单纯用羊血和生甘草催吐就能治愈的,这里特别采用通下的方法来急救。服用后如果不腹泻,说明肠道已经断裂,还有什么可救的呢?如果使用得早,没有不活的,不能固执于催吐法而不知变通。如果是刚喝下砒霜,只需用甘草和羊血让患者立即呕吐出来就能痊愈;如果无法呕吐,迅速使用泻毒神丹进行泻下,就没有不能救活的。(《活人录》)
凡是中了砒霜毒,症状表现为烦躁如狂,心腹绞痛,头晕想吐却吐不出来,面色青黑,四肢极度寒冷的是。凡是服用砒霜的人,不可仰卧,恐怕毒素流窜到四肢难以治疗,痊愈后必须忌口一百天,禁食烟、酒、姜、花椒、煎炸和炒制的食物。(《愿体集》)
凡是心中(指体内)中毒,因气脑自服者,紧急时用一碗香油灌服,或者呕吐或者腹泻就能活命。如果是用酒调服的则难救,因为毒素已经发散到全身。
陈远公说:服用砒霜毒,疼痛欲死,如果不紧急救治,必定会腐蚀肠胃,吐出紫黑色的血而死。砒石是天然生成的石头,未曾经过火炼,毒性为何如此之大?不知道砒石生长在南岳的山上,汇聚了钟南山的火毒,又经过火气的熏蒸,所以它的性质大热,酷烈到了极点,怎么能不杀人呢!砒石的药性又善于走窜,砒石进入喉咙,必定在肠胃的上下来回升降,往来数十次,把肠子剥皮穿破,人也就死了。疼痛欲死,正是毒气上下攻冲所致,毒药的猛烈,没有比这更甚的了。治疗方法必须吐出毒素,然而不能完全吐出所有毒素,必须配合解毒的药物。但是刚进入喉咙时,用羊血催吐,也有能救活的;如果吃久了进入胃里,就无济于事了。适宜使用救死丹,无论服药时间长短都可以救治。用法是用生甘草一两,玄参二两,地榆五钱,瓜蒂七个,水煎煮,喝下去就会呕吐,煮剩下的药渣再服用又会呕吐,砒霜的毒素就完全解除了。
(甘草能解毒,得到瓜蒂的作用向上涌吐,砒石性质上升,所以引导它全部排出。然而砒石也下行,得到玄参、地榆解除大肠的火毒,砒霜的大毒已经从上面排出了,向下走的也是余毒罢了,得到这两味药来化解,那么上下共同解除纷乱,毒素又怎能施展其燥烈之性呢?况且玄参、地榆都具有滋润中焦、解毒的功效,所以能制约毒素。这个方子十个人可以救活八个,如果不呕吐,这是肠胃已经败坏,不可救了,不是方子无效,倘若来不及煎药,就在饭锅里煮好灌服,才不至于因为拖延而失去救治机会。)
Any case of poisoning from various toxins, as well as accidental ingestion of metals and stones, or insect stings, are all compiled in this section for easy reference and treatment.
Lord Lei Zhenjun said: In the world, there are people who have ingested arsenic trioxide (Pishuang), feeling as if their five zang organs are about to burst. Their abdomen will suffer severe pain, their tongue will protrude, and they will die with blood flowing from their eyes. This is most pitiable. Immediately administer the Xiedu Shendan Decoction (Ejecting Toxin Divine Elixir). If immediate profuse diarrhea occurs, the patient will survive; otherwise, they will die. This is because the arsenic has entered the zang organs. It cannot be cured merely by inducing vomiting with raw sheep's blood and raw Licorice Root (Gancao). Here, a purgative method is specifically employed for rescue. If, after administration, no diarrhea occurs, it indicates that the intestines have ruptured; what more can be done? If administered early, survival is guaranteed. One must not rigidly adhere to emetic methods without flexibility. If arsenic was just ingested, drinking Licorice Root and sheep's blood to induce immediate vomiting will lead to recovery. If vomiting does not occur, quickly use the Xiedu Shendan Decoction to induce purgation, and there will be no case that cannot be saved. (*Huoren Lu*)
In cases of arsenic poisoning, symptoms include restlessness resembling madness, twisting pain in the heart and abdomen, dizziness with an urge to vomit but inability to do so, a bluish-black complexion, and extreme coldness of the four limbs. Patients who have ingested arsenic should not lie supine, lest the toxin spread to the four limbs, making it difficult to treat. After recovery, one must abstain from tobacco, alcohol, ginger, Sichuan pepper, fried, and roasted foods for one hundred days. (*Yuantiji*)
In cases of internal poisoning due to self-administration involving "qi and brain," immediately pour a bowl of sesame oil into the mouth. Survival is possible if either vomiting or diarrhea ensues. However, if mixed with wine, it is difficult to save, as the toxin has dispersed throughout the body.
Chen Yuan Gong said: Ingestion of arsenic causes excruciating pain. Without emergency treatment, the stomach and intestines will inevitably rot, leading to death by vomiting purple blood. Arsenic stone is a naturally occurring mineral that has not been subjected to fire refining. How can its toxicity be so extreme? It is unknown that arsenic grows on the mountains of Southern Yue, absorbing the fiery toxicity of Zhongnan Mountain and being exposed to fire energy. Thus, its nature is extremely hot and fierce, how could it not kill? Its nature is also prone to moving rapidly. Once entering the throat, it ascends and descends repeatedly within the upper and lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract, coming and going dozens of times, stripping the skin and perforating the intestines, leading to death. The excruciating pain is precisely due to the toxic qi attacking up and down. Among poisonous drugs, none is more rampant than this. The treatment method must involve expelling the toxin through vomiting. However, vomiting alone cannot remove all the toxin; one must use ingredients that detoxify. When first swallowed, using sheep's blood to induce vomiting can sometimes save the patient. But if it has been in the stomach for a long time, it is of no benefit. The Jiusi Dan (Resuscitation Elixir) is suitable, effective regardless of the time elapsed since ingestion. Use 30g of Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Sheng Gancao), 60g of Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen), 15g of Sanguisorbae Radix (Diyu), and 7 seeds of Cucumis Trichosanthis Fructus (Gua Di). Decoct in water. Upon swallowing, vomiting will occur. Boiling and consuming the dregs will induce further vomiting, completely resolving the arsenic toxicity.
(Licorice Root detoxifies; combined with the upward-pushing action of Melon Seed (Gua Di), it induces vomiting. Since Arsenic tends to rise, this guides it out completely. However, Arsenic also moves downward. Scrophularia Root and Sanguisorba Root resolve the fiery toxicity in the large intestine. Since the major toxicity of Arsenic has already exited from above, what remains descending is residual toxin. These two herbs resolve it. Thus, the upper and lower aspects jointly resolve the conflict, and how can the toxin exert its dry and fierce nature? Moreover, both Scrophularia Root and Sanguisorba Root moisten the middle jiao and detoxify, thereby controlling the poison. This prescription saves eight out of ten cases. If vomiting does not occur, it indicates that the gastrointestinal tract is already ruined, and rescue is impossible; this is not due to the ineffectiveness of the formula. If time does not permit decocting, boil the medicine in a rice cooker and administer it, lest delay leads to missed opportunities for rescue.)