王肯堂曰∶疥有五种∶一曰大疥， 赤痒痛，作痒有脓。二曰马疥，隐起带根，
（搔不知痛。）三曰水疥，（ 含浆，摘破出水。）四曰干疥，（痒而搔之，皮起干痂。）五曰湿疥，（薄皮小疮，
常常淫汁者是也。）宜分治之。（《准绳》）
陈实功曰∶疥疮皆因脾经湿热，肺经风毒，客于肌肤，毒之浅者为疥；毒之深
者成癣；脾受 湿之热，发为脓窠烂疮、疥癣。皆有小虫，染人最易。切忌热汤浸洗，
图片刻之快畅，殊不知热毒攻里，虫愈深入，虽有良方，何能刻日奏效，患者戒之。
兼忌一切发物海鲜。（《正宗》）
生疥疮不可在浴室内去浴，必须以药汤在自家屋内浴之。至于药裹纸内，或在
火炉，或在被内熏治，切不可为训，恐引毒入脏腑害人，慎之，慎之。（《石室秘录》）
蒋示吉曰∶疥有干疥、湿疥、虫疥、砂疥、紫疥之称，小如疹子，干而且痒者是。
此乃风热虫也。宜内服疥灵丹，外搽三黄丹自愈。（《说约》）
《心法》曰∶疥有干、湿、虫、沙、脓五种。如肺经燥热盛则生干疥，瘙痒皮枯
而起白屑；脾经湿盛则生湿疥， 肿作痛，破津黄水，甚流黑汁；肝经风盛则生虫疥，
瘙痒彻骨，挠不知痛；心血凝滞则生沙疥，
形如细砂， 赤痒痛，抓之有水；肾经湿热则生脓窠疥，形如豆粒，便利作痒，脓
清淡白。或脾经湿盛亦生脓窠疥，但顶含稠脓，痒痛相兼为异。而体虚之人亦生，以
便秘为实，便利为虚；亦有虚而便燥者，如气秘则便燥，血分枯燥则便涩。又在疮之形色，脉之有无力辨之。
王肯堂说：疥疮分为五种：第一种叫大疥，皮肤发红、瘙痒且疼痛，搔抓后会有脓液渗出。第二种叫马疥，皮损隐隐隆起并带有根脚，（搔抓时感觉不到疼痛）。第三种叫水疥，（内含浆液，挑破后有水流出）。第四种叫干疥，（瘙痒，搔抓后皮肤起屑形成干燥的痂皮）。第五种叫湿疥，（表皮薄的小疮，经常渗出汁液的就是这种）。应当分别进行治疗。（出自《医学准绳六要》）
陈实功说：疥疮都是因为脾经有湿热，肺经有风毒，这些邪气客居在肌肤之间，毒邪较浅的表现为疥；毒邪较深的则发展为癣；脾脏受湿热侵袭，会引发脓窠烂疮和疥癣。这些病症都伴有小虫，极易传染给人。切忌用热水浸泡清洗，虽然这样暂时感到痛快，但殊不知热毒会攻入体内，使虫子钻得更深，即使有良方，又怎能迅速见效呢？患者务必戒除。同时忌食一切发物及海鲜。（出自《外科正宗》）
患疥疮时不能在公共浴室洗澡，必须用药汤在自己家中屋内洗浴。至于将药物包裹在纸内，放在火炉旁烘烤，或放在被子里熏蒸治疗的方法，切不可遵循，恐怕会将毒邪引入脏腑而危害人体，务必谨慎，千万谨慎。（出自《石室秘录》）
蒋示吉说：疥疮有干疥、湿疥、虫疥、砂疥、紫疥的名称，症状像疹子一样细小，干燥而且瘙痒的就是这类。这是由风热虫引起的。适宜内服疥灵丹，外涂三黄丹即可自愈。（出自《医宗说约》）
《医宗心法》说：疥疮有干、湿、虫、沙、脓五种类型。如果肺经燥热旺盛，则生干疥，表现为瘙痒、皮肤干枯并起白屑；脾经湿气旺盛，则生湿疥，表现为肿胀疼痛，破溃后流出黄水，严重时流出黑汁；肝经风邪旺盛，则生虫疥，表现为瘙痒深入骨髓，搔抓时不知疼痛；心血凝滞，则生沙疥，形状像细砂粒，发红、瘙痒且疼痛，抓挠后有水出；肾经湿热，则生脓窠疥，形状像豆粒，大小便时瘙痒，脓液清淡色白。也有因脾经湿气旺盛而生脓窠疥的，但顶部含有浓稠的脓液，痒痛并存，这是其不同之处。身体虚弱的人也会得此病，以大便便秘为实证，大便通畅为虚证；也有体虚但大便干燥的，如气机郁滞导致的大便干燥，血分枯燥导致的大便涩滞。此外，还要根据疮疡的颜色形态、脉象的有力无力来辨别。
Wang Kentang stated: There are five types of scabies (Jie): The first is called Da Jie (Large Scabies), characterized by redness, itching, and pain, with pus exuding upon scratching. The second is Ma Jie (Horse Scabies), presenting as隐起的 lesions with roots, (where scratching does not cause pain). The third is Shui Jie (Water Scabies), (containing serous fluid that flows out when broken). The fourth is Gan Jie (Dry Scabies), (characterized by itching where scratching causes the skin to flake and form dry crusts). The fifth is Shi Jie (Damp Scabies), (thin-skinned small sores that frequently ooze fluid). These should be treated separately. (From *Yixue Zhunsheng*)
Chen Shigong stated: Scabies arises from damp-heat in the Spleen Meridian and wind-toxin in the Lung Meridian, lodging in the skin and muscles. When the toxin is superficial, it manifests as scabies; when deep, it becomes tinea (Xuan). If the Spleen is affected by damp-heat, it may develop into pustular ulcers or scabies/tinea. All these conditions involve tiny insects and are highly contagious. One must strictly avoid soaking in hot water for washing; although this may provide temporary relief, it inadvertently drives heat-toxin inward, causing the insects to burrow deeper. Even with excellent prescriptions, how can quick results be expected? Patients must beware. Additionally, one must avoid all "fa wu" (stimulating foods) and seafood. (From *Waike Zhengzong*)
When suffering from scabies, one should not bathe in public bathhouses but must use medicinal decoctions to bathe at home. Methods such as wrapping medicine in paper and placing it near a stove, or fumigating under blankets, should never be followed, as this risks driving the toxin into the zang-fu organs and harming the body. Be extremely cautious, most cautious. (From *Shishi Milu*)
Jiang Shiji stated: Scabies is referred to as Gan Jie (Dry Scabies), Shi Jie (Damp Scabies), Chong Jie (Insect Scabies), Sha Jie (Sand Scabies), and Zi Jie (Purple Scabies). They appear like small rashes, are dry, and itchy. This is caused by wind-heat insects. Internal administration of Jie Ling Dan (Scabies Spirit Pill) and external application of San Huang Dan (Three Yellows Powder) will lead to self-healing. (From *Yizong Shuyue*)
*Yizong Xinfa* stated: Scabies has five types: Dry, Damp, Insect, Sand, and Pustular. If Lung Meridian dry-heat is excessive, Dry Scabies occurs, characterized by itching, dry skin, and white scales. If Spleen Meridian dampness is excessive, Damp Scabies occurs, characterized by swelling, pain, yellow fluid upon rupture, and potentially black fluid in severe cases. If Liver Meridian wind is excessive, Insect Scabies occurs, characterized by intense itching penetrating to the bone and insensitivity to scratching. If Heart Blood stagnates, Sand Scabies occurs, resembling fine sand grains, with redness, itching, pain, and fluid upon scratching. If Kidney Meridian damp-heat exists, Pustular Scabies occurs, resembling bean-sized lesions, with itching during bowel movements/urination and clear, pale pus. Alternatively, if Spleen Meridian dampness is excessive, Pustular Scabies also occurs, but the top contains thick pus, with combined itching and pain being the distinguishing feature. Weak individuals may also suffer from this; constipation indicates excess syndrome, while loose stools indicate deficiency syndrome. However, some deficient patients have dry stools; for instance, Qi stagnation leads to dry stools, and dryness of the Blood aspect leads to difficult passage. Differentiation should also be made based on the color and shape of the sores and the strength or weakness of the pulse.