冯鲁瞻曰∶小儿生下，啼哭不乳，宜看牙龈之上有白点如粞大者，名为马牙。急
以银针挑去，即血出不妨，磨京墨浓搽。间日再看，再生再挑即安。否则脾元中气败
绝，面青口撮而死。（《锦囊》）
《慈幼外编》云∶凡儿生下，每日夜将清汤或苦茶蘸软绢搅儿口内，如齿边有白
点，即以指甲或细针挑破，便无惊风撮口之患。
《保生碎事》云∶初生七日内，面赤喘急，啼声不出，即名撮口脐风。看齿龈上
有小泡如粟米状，急以温水蘸青软帛裹指，擦破即愈。大约撮口证，必先大便热，须
用生犀角及真羚羊角磨汁，和蜜饮之有效，急用大黄甘草各二钱煎服。
奎光曰∶马牙者，用初生小儿胎内受热毒，见风而生。但看牙龈上有白色如脆
骨，即是此证欲发矣。出胎即发喷嚏，含乳或吞或吐而不吮，其病已深，苦不急治，
入腹即死。切莫认作黄胆之类，出胎便要看，日日要挑破，至三四日病即成真，五
六日坚硬难治，甚者有发而又发，大约要盈月后方免此患。先用青水以绢绕在竹箸
上，拨开牙关，将银簪挑破出血，吹口疳药。（方载咽喉门。）
骆潜庵曰∶初生小儿，月内打嚏，即是马牙。盖因气血薄弱，不能伏制其毒，以
致心火上炎。牙龈遍生白色，用针刺破，毛青布蘸水掳洗后，用金墨搽，不复长。宜
服延寿丹少许即愈。（《推拿秘书》）
冯鲁瞻说：婴儿出生后，啼哭但不吃奶，应当查看牙龈上方是否有像米屑大小的白点，这被称为“马牙”。应立即用银针挑破，即使出血也无妨，然后用浓墨涂抹。每隔一天再看，如果再生出就再挑破，这样就能痊愈。否则会导致脾元和中气败绝，出现面色青紫、口唇收缩（撮口）而死亡。（出自《锦囊》）
《慈幼外编》记载：凡是婴儿出生，每天早晚用清汤或苦茶蘸湿软绢，搅动婴儿口腔内部。如果牙齿边缘有白点，就用指甲或细针挑破，就不会发生惊风和撮口的祸患。
《保生碎事》记载：出生七日内，面部发红、呼吸急促、啼哭不出声的，称为“撮口”或“脐风”。查看牙龈上有像粟米状的小泡，应立即用温水蘸取柔软的丝织品包裹手指，擦破小泡即可痊愈。大抵撮口证，必须先有大便发热的症状，需要使用生犀角和真羚羊角磨成汁，与蜂蜜混合饮用有效，紧急时需用大黄、甘草各二钱煎服。
奎光说：所谓“马牙”，是因为初生小儿胎内受热毒，受风后发作。只要看牙龈上有白色如脆骨般的物质，就是此证将要发作的迹象。出生后即打喷嚏，含乳时或吞或吐而不吸吮，说明病已深入，如果不紧急治疗，毒素入腹就会死亡。千万不要误认为是黄疸之类，出生就要检查，每天都要挑破，到了三四天病情就会定型，五六天就会变得坚硬难以治疗，严重的甚至反复发作，大约要满一个月后才能免除这个祸患。先用清水将绢布缠绕在竹筷上，拨开牙关，用银簪挑破出血，然后吹入口疳药。（方剂记载于咽喉门。）
骆潜庵说：初生小儿，一个月内打喷嚏，就是马牙。这是因为气血薄弱，不能制约体内的毒邪，导致心火上炎。牙龈遍生白色物质，用针刺破，用毛青布蘸水清洗后，用金墨涂抹，就不再生长。适宜服用少许延寿丹即可痊愈。（出自《推拿秘书》）
Feng Luzhan stated: When an infant is born and cries but does not nurse, one should examine the upper gums for white spots resembling rice grains, which are named "Ma Ya" (Horse Teeth). These should be promptly punctured with a silver needle; bleeding is acceptable. Apply thick ink (Jing Mo) to the area. Re-examine every other day, and if new spots appear, puncture them again until the condition resolves. Otherwise, the Spleen Yuan and Middle Qi may collapse, leading to death with a cyanotic complexion and perioral contraction (Cuo Kou) (from *Jin Nang*).
*Cie You Wai Bian* records: For any newborn, daily morning and evening, use clear soup or bitter tea to moisten a soft silk cloth and gently wipe the infant's oral cavity. If white spots appear near the teeth, puncture them with a fingernail or fine needle to prevent complications of Wind Convulsion (Jing Feng) and Cuo Kou.
*Bao Sheng Sui Shi* records: Within seven days after birth, if the face is red, breathing is rapid, and there is no crying sound, it is named "Cuo Kou" or "Umbilical Wind". Examine the gums for small blisters resembling millet grains. Promptly wrap a finger in soft silk moistened with warm water and rub the blisters until they rupture, which leads to recovery. Generally, Cuo Kou syndrome must be accompanied by hot stools. It is effective to grind raw Rhinoceros Horn (Xi Jiao) and true Antelope Horn (Ling Yang Jiao) into juice, mix with honey, and administer. In emergencies, decoct Da Huang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) and Gan Cao (Licorice Root) each at 2 qian and administer orally.
Kui Guang stated: "Ma Ya" arises from heat-toxin retained in the fetus of a newborn, triggered by exposure to wind. If white, brittle-bone-like substances are seen on the gums, this indicates the impending onset of the syndrome. Sneezing immediately after birth, along with inability to suckle milk (swallowing or spitting it out), indicates deep pathology. Without urgent treatment, the toxin entering the abdomen will cause death. Do not mistake it for Jaundice (Huang Dan). Examination should begin immediately after birth, with daily puncturing required. By the third or fourth day, the disease becomes established; by the fifth or sixth day, it hardens and becomes difficult to treat. Severe cases may recur repeatedly, requiring nearly a full month to resolve. First, wrap silk around a bamboo chopstick dipped in clean water, open the mouth, puncture the lesions with a silver hairpin until bleeding occurs, and then insufflate medicine for oral ulcers (prescription recorded in the Throat Gate section).
Luo Qian'an stated: Sneezing within the first month of life in a newborn indicates Ma Ya. This is due to weak Qi and Blood, which fail to restrain internal toxins, causing Heart Fire to flare upward. White substances covering the gums should be punctured with needles, washed with wool-blue cloth moistened with water, and then coated with gold ink to prevent regrowth. Administering a small amount of Yanshou Dan (Longevity Pill) will lead to recovery (from *Tui Na Mi Shu*).