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《鬼遗方》云∶足跗发（跗一作趺，足面也。）起足 及足下，二十日不穴死，十日可刺，发
赤白脓血不多，其疮上痒及赤黑者，死。
王肯堂曰∶足趺结毒肿痛，名足发背，
属足厥阴肝阳明胃经之会，多因湿热乘虚而下注。脓稠可治，脓清紫陷者死。（《准绳》）
《灵枢》云∶发于足上下，名曰四淫。其状大痈，不急治之，百日死。
王肯堂曰∶病虾证患脚背手背，肿大有赤痕，如虾之状。（《准绳》）
又曰∶脚背或脚趾肿痛不可忍，以脚高悬起，其疼方止些。若以脚垂下，其疼不可当者，名倒拔肿疡。
申斗垣曰∶脚发背一名蛇沿毒，因草木蛇游，人行草上，惹受蛇毒。初起坚硬
红肿，光泽疼痛，作脓者可治；其状如汤泼，发大水泡，不久则变紫色而穿破者，或
经年不愈，至骨成潭者，俱难治矣。（《启玄》）
又曰∶脚发背，亦有肾经湿毒流滞而成。
汪省之曰∶足发背发于足背冲阳、陷
谷二穴，乃足阳明胃经多血多气。初发令人寒热作呕，痛痒麻木。（《理例》）
《心法》曰∶足发背一名足跗发。足背虽属三阳，而偏主胆胃二经居多，证由七
情内郁，或兼六经外伤而成。经云∶三背不宜生疮，惟足背多筋少骨，肉少皮薄，又
在至阴之下，发疮疽者升发迟慢，所以谓为险候也。宜别五善七恶而分顺逆。发背
者，大疮之通名也，或痈或疽，均当细辨，顺逆既分，则生死可判矣。
又曰∶初宜隔蒜艾灸，令疮速溃。
澄曰∶脚发背生于脚背筋骨之间，乃足三阴三阳之所司也。比之手发背为尤重。
皆缘湿热相搏，血滞于至阴之交，或赤足行走，沾染毒涎，抑或撞破，误触污秽而
成，总之外染者轻，内邪流滞者重。
足发背
《鬼遗方》记载：足跗发（“跗”一作“趺”，指足面）生于足背及足底，若二十天不切开排脓则致死，十天时可进行刺破排脓。如果疮上流出赤白色脓血不多，且疮口发痒、颜色呈赤黑者，为死证。
王肯堂说：足背结毒肿痛，称为足发背，属于足厥阴肝经与足阳明胃经交汇之处，多因湿热之邪乘虚下注所致。脓液稠厚者可治，脓液清稀、色紫且凹陷者死。（出自《医学准绳六要》）
《灵枢》记载：生于足上下部的痈疽，名为四淫。其症状为大痈，若不紧急治疗，百日可致死。
王肯堂又说：患虾证时，脚背和手背肿大，有红色痕迹，形状像虾。（出自《医学准绳六要》）
他又说：脚背或脚趾肿痛难忍，将脚抬高悬起，疼痛才能稍止。若将脚垂下，疼痛剧烈无法忍受的，称为倒拔肿疡。
申斗垣说：脚发背又名蛇沿毒，是因为草木间蛇类游走，人走在草地上，沾染了蛇毒。初起时坚硬红肿，光泽疼痛，能化脓的可治；若状如热水泼洒，发出大水泡，不久变紫色并穿破，或者经过一年不愈合，深入至骨形成深潭的，都难以治疗。（出自《外科启玄》）
汪省之说：足发背生于足背的冲阳、陷谷两个穴位处，这是足阳明胃经多血多气的部位。初发时使人寒热交作、呕吐，伴有痛、痒、麻木感。（出自《外科理例》）
《医宗心法》说：足发背又名足跗发。足背虽然属于三阳经，但主要归属于胆经和胃经居多，病因由七情内郁，或兼六经外伤而成。经文说：背部不宜生疮，唯独足背多筋少骨，肉少皮薄，又在至阴之下，发生疮疽时升发缓慢，所以称为险候。应当辨别五善七恶来区分顺逆。发背是大疮的通称，无论是痈还是疽，都应仔细分辨，顺逆既已分清，生死便可判断。
顾世澄说：脚发背生于脚背筋骨之间，由足三阴三阳经所主管。比之手发背更为严重。都是因为湿热相搏，血液停滞在至阴之交，或是赤足行走，沾染毒涎，或者是撞破皮肤，误触污秽而造成的，总的来说，外染者病情轻，内邪流滞者病情重。
Donkey Eye Sore (from *Ji Yan Fang*): Crush fresh snails and apply the paste to the affected area; it will heal after several applications.
Foot Back Carbuncle (Zu Fa Bei)
*Gui Yi Fang* states: "Foot Dorsum Onset" (where 'Fu' is alternatively written as 'Die', referring to the dorsum of the foot) arises on the dorsum and sole of the foot. If not incised and drained within twenty days, death ensues; incision can be performed within ten days. If the discharge consists of little red-white pus and blood, and the sore is itchy with a reddish-black color, it is a fatal sign.
Wang Kentang stated: Toxic swelling and pain forming nodules on the dorsum of the foot is named Foot Back Carbuncle. It belongs to the convergence of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian and Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian. It is mostly caused by damp-heat pathogens descending due to deficiency. If the pus is thick, it is treatable; if the pus is clear, purple, and sunken, it is fatal. (*Yixue Zhunsheng*)
*Ling Shu* states: Carbuncles arising above and below the foot are named Si Yin (Four Licentious Ones). Their presentation is a large carbuncle; if not treated urgently, death occurs within one hundred days.
Wang Kentang further stated: In cases of Xia Zheng (Shrimp Syndrome), the dorsum of the foot and hand swell significantly with red marks, resembling a shrimp. (*Yixue Zhunsheng*)
He also stated: When the dorsum of the foot or toes are swollen and painful beyond endurance, elevating the foot allows the pain to subside slightly. If the foot is lowered and the pain becomes unbearable, it is named Dao Ba Zhong Yang (Inverted Pulling Swollen Ulcer).
Shen Douyuan stated: Foot Back Carbuncle is also known as She Yan Du (Snake Trail Poison). It occurs because snakes slither among grass and plants; when people walk on the grass, they contract snake venom. Initially, it presents as hard, red, swollen, shiny, and painful. If suppuration occurs, it is treatable. If it resembles scalding water, producing large blisters that turn purple and rupture shortly after, or if it persists for years without healing and penetrates to the bone forming a deep pool, all such cases are difficult to treat. (*Waike Qixuan*)
He also stated: Foot Back Carbuncle can also result from the stagnation of damp-toxin in the Kidney Meridian.
Wang Shengzhi stated: Foot Back Carbuncle arises at the Chongyang (ST42) and Xangu (ST43) acupoints on the dorsum of the foot. These points belong to the Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian, which is rich in both blood and Qi. Initial symptoms include alternating chills and fever, vomiting, pain, itching, and numbness. (*Waike Lili*)
*Yizong Xinfa* states: Foot Back Carbuncle is also called Foot Dorsum Onset. Although the dorsum of the foot belongs to the Three Yang meridians, it is predominantly governed by the Gallbladder and Stomach meridians. The syndrome results from internal depression of the Seven Emotions or external injury involving the Six Meridians. The classics state: Sores on the back are generally unfavorable; however, the dorsum of the foot has many tendons and few bones, with thin flesh and skin, and lies below the extreme Yin. When carbuncles and ulcers arise here, their rising and resolving process is slow, hence termed a dangerous condition. One must distinguish between favorable and unfavorable signs based on the Five Good and Seven Bad prognostic indicators. 'Fa Bei' is a general term for large sores; whether carbuncle or ulcer, careful differentiation is required. Once favorable and unfavorable patterns are distinguished, life and death outcomes can be determined.
He also stated: In the early stage, moxibustion with garlic partition should be used to promote rapid suppuration and rupture of the sore.
Gu Shicheng stated: Foot Back Carbuncle arises between the bones and tendons of the foot dorsum, governed by the Three Yin and Three Yang meridities of the foot. It is more severe than Hand Back Carbuncle. All cases stem from the struggle between damp-heat and blood stasis at the junction of extreme Yin, or from walking barefoot and contracting toxic saliva, or from trauma where dirt and filth enter the wound. Generally speaking, externally contracted toxins indicate a lighter condition, while internally flowing stagnation indicates a heavier condition.