凡古人载籍,所以垂训者,不知几经筹画,几经笔削,乃着之于书。后人竟以一览不明,便置之高阁,毋乃有负古
圣贤作书者之心乎?余尝博览遗言,若其有得于心,固然不忍释手,即令有疑于己,亦且数四低徊,然后得一夕豁然洞
灼而大悟也。有如方书所载∶“诸痛脉伏不可诊也”之句。余尝疑之,若以为治病之道,求所以辨明虚实寒热之法,斟
酌轻重缓急之宜,惟脉是恃。若脉伏既不可诊,医者将何以断其病之属虚属实、属寒属热之所致,而于用药之际,更有
可轻可重,当缓当急之定论乎?讵意古人之所以示我者,固有先得我心,而昭然笔之于书也。余是以一再思之,乃知所
谓脉伏不可诊者,若谓必须求他症以辨之,方有其治法焉尔。故余于诸痛脉伏者,固推而验于筋之青者紫者,识其为痧。
即于诸病不痛而脉伏者,亦必推而验于筋之青者紫者,识其为痧。盖缘痧毒瓦斯壅血阻于经络间,故脉有伏而不现尔,若
以针刺之,血流而气亦泄,毒始无所壅阻,而脉乃复其常尔。至于痧之重者,伤在肠胃三阴,针刺有所不到,血流有所
不尽,余惟从夫食积血痰所阻之毒以治之。脉且随药而复,则病有未愈者,始可凭脉以用其药,然后思古人之所谓不可
诊者,信乎诸痛脉伏之不可诊也。古人之诏我者,诚有所见也哉。
凡是古人留下的典籍,用来流传教诲的,不知经过了多少次筹划构思,多少次删改修订,才最终著录成书。后人竟然因为一眼看不明白,就把它束之高阁,这岂不是辜负了古代圣贤编写书籍的一片苦心吗?
我曾经广泛浏览前人的遗言著作,如果其中有些内容让我内心有所领悟,自然不忍释手;即使有些地方我自己产生疑惑,也会反复徘徊思考多次,然后才能在一个夜晚豁然开朗、彻底醒悟。
就像医方书中记载的那句话:“各种疼痛病症,脉象潜伏(脉搏深藏难寻)无法诊察。”我曾经对此感到怀疑,认为治病的方法,在于寻求辨别虚实寒热的法则,斟酌轻重缓急的适宜程度,完全依赖脉诊。如果脉象潜伏就无法诊察,医生将凭什么来判断疾病属于虚证还是实证、属于寒证还是热证所致?而在用药的时候,又怎么会有关于可以轻用或重用、应当缓治或急治的确切结论呢?
没想到古人之所以这样教导我,原来是有先见之明,已经清晰地写在书上了。我因此反复思考,才明白所谓“脉伏不可诊”,意思是说必须通过其他症状来辨别病情,从而制定相应的治疗方法罢了。
所以我对于各种疼痛且脉象潜伏的患者,一定会推究并检查其筋脉是否有青色或紫色的表现,以此识别为痧症(一种因毒邪阻滞经络引起的急性病)。即使是那些不疼痛但脉象潜伏的疾病,我也一定要推究并检查其筋脉是否有青色或紫色的表现,以此识别为痧症。这是因为痧毒之气壅塞血液,阻滞在经络之间,所以脉象表现为潜伏而不显现。如果用针刺治疗,血液流出而气机也随之泄出,毒邪才开始没有壅阻,脉象也就恢复常态了。
至于病情严重的痧症,损伤到了肠胃和三阴经,针刺的作用范围有所不到,血液也无法全部排出,我只得从食积、血瘀、痰浊所阻滞的毒邪角度来治疗。脉象随着服药而恢复,如果此时病还没有痊愈,才可以凭借脉象来决定用药,这样之后才明白古人所说的“不可诊”,确实是指各种疼痛且脉象潜伏的情况无法直接通过脉诊来定论。古人对我的教诲,确实是有真知灼见的啊。
All ancient texts, intended to pass down teachings, underwent countless deliberations and revisions before being compiled into books. How can later generations, merely because they fail to understand them at a glance, dismiss them by placing them on high shelves? Is this not a betrayal of the sincere intentions of the ancient sages who authored these works?
I have extensively studied the surviving writings of the ancients. When I find insights that resonate with my mind, I naturally cannot bear to put them down. Even when doubts arise within me, I linger over them repeatedly until, one night, I experience a sudden enlightenment and profound comprehension.
Consider the statement found in medical formularies: "In cases of various pains, the pulse is deep-hidden (Fu Mai) and thus difficult to diagnose." I once harbored doubts about this. The method of treating disease relies on distinguishing between deficiency and excess, cold and heat, and weighing the severity and urgency of the condition, all of which depend heavily on pulse diagnosis. If a deep-hidden pulse renders diagnosis impossible, how can a physician determine whether a disease stems from deficiency or excess, cold or heat? Furthermore, how can one establish definitive guidelines for using medications lightly or heavily, or treating slowly or urgently?
Unexpectedly, I realized that what the ancients intended to teach me was already clearly recorded in their writings, anticipating my own thoughts. Through repeated reflection, I came to understand that the phrase "deep-hidden pulse implies impossibility of diagnosis" means that one must rely on other symptoms to differentiate the condition before determining the treatment method.
Therefore, for patients presenting with pain and a deep-hidden pulse, I invariably examine the tendons for cyanosis or purple discoloration to identify Sha Syndrome (a acute condition caused by toxic stagnation in the meridians). Similarly, for diseases presenting with a deep-hidden pulse but no pain, I also examine the tendons for cyanosis or purple discoloration to identify Sha Syndrome. This is because Sha toxins obstruct blood flow within the meridians, causing the pulse to become deep-hidden and imperceptible. If treated with acupuncture, the release of blood and Qi dissipates the obstruction, allowing the pulse to return to its normal state.
However, in severe cases of Sha Syndrome where the damage extends to the intestines, stomach, and the Three Yin meridians, acupuncture may be insufficient, and bloodletting may not fully expel the pathogen. In such instances, I treat based on the toxicity obstructed by food retention, blood stasis, and phlegm. Once the pulse recovers following herbal administration, if the illness persists, one can then rely on the pulse to guide further medication. Only then does one truly appreciate the ancients' assertion that "various pains with deep-hidden pulses are indeed difficult to diagnose through pulse alone." The guidance provided by the ancients is indeed founded upon profound insight.