本草载。三人晨同行触雾。空腹者死。食粥者病。惟饮酒者。独不病。南方天气。清晨多雾
而寒。故人相勉以饮酒。谓其可以御寒辟瘴。殆不知乃发瘴之源
也。盖南方暑湿。饮酒则多中暑湿毒。兼瘴疟之作。率由上膈痰饮。而酒尤能聚痰。岭外谚云。
莫饮卯时酒。莫饱申时饭。此诚摄生之要也。然忌夕食者。人虽易晓。戒卯时酒者。人以为疑。盖
南方气候不常。虽盛夏阴雨必寒。虽隆冬日出必暖。一日之间。寒燠屡变。要之昼多燠。夜多寒。
饮酒过度。固非所宜。而卯酒尤甚。方其朝寒而饮。遇暴热。则必聚痰以为病也。
治瘴疟。不问先寒后热。先热后寒。多热小寒。多寒小热。皆因夏月伤暑。汗出不透。或秋伤风。
或过食生冷。先伤脾胃。沐浴感冒。多作此疾。因为痰涎停于胸膈。所谓无痰不生疟。初起宜先
下感应丸。温中去积滞。方服此以正气去痰。
陈皮（去白） 半夏（汤泡七次）
各等分为粗散。每服四钱。姜七片水煎。不拘时服。壮实
人日三四服。虚弱人日二服。瘴疟本于痰。痰生于湿。半夏能胜脾胃之湿。所以化痰。与陈皮同用。
其味辛。辛能散滞气。利水谷下气。气行则痰行。所以治瘴先用之。以正气理痰也。
治四时感冒。五肿膈气。和脾胃。温中下痰。止霍乱吐泻。心腹疼痛胀满。吞酸噫痞。噎塞干
呕恶心。中受寒湿生冷。外感风邪。及山瘴之气。发而为瘴。身体沉重。骨节酸疼。头昏鼻塞。未
分阴阳之间。正宜服之。则气自正。而病自退。及能止汗。治诸疟疾。遍身浮肿。或风气所灌。
手足肿痛。全不思饮食。肠腑时鸣。妇人胎前产后。皆可服之。小儿脾胃不和。时气诸疾。又治四
方不服水土。凡寓岭南。此药不可缺也。
浓朴（去皮生姜汁浸一夜） 半夏（汤泡七次姜汁浸晒干）
陈皮（去白） 藿香（去梗洗净） 甘草 草果（去皮） 苍术（去皮米泔水浸一宿妙）
上各等分先用锅炒浓朴令香。次入苍术。炒令紫色。又会半夏。炒香熟。再入甘草炒黄。又入陈皮炒。方将众药
安。藿香在中心。用药遍盖罨定。少时许。藿香干。方可取出。同草果为散。每服姜枣水煎。一方无草
果。按发瘴之地。地土卑薄。阴湿之气恒盛。四时多热。阳燠之
气恒泄。湿气盛则脾胃伤。阳气泄。则脾胃冷。是方用浓朴之温中去湿。满陈皮之消痰下气。
苍术之燥湿健胃安脾。甘草之调中。同用以去敦阜之气。半夏之利痰以除瘴本。藿香之芬芳助脾
开胃止呕。草果之辛以消食化滞。共为温中正气之剂。方名正气者。谓其能正不正之气。故治瘴
为先用之剂。
本草记载：有三个人早晨同行，触犯了雾气。空腹的人死亡，吃粥的人生病，只有喝酒的人独自不生病。南方的天气，清晨多雾且寒冷，所以人们互相劝勉饮酒，认为这样可以抵御寒冷、辟除瘴气。这大概不知道这正是引发瘴气的源头啊。
大抵南方暑湿之气重，饮酒则容易中暑湿之毒，加之瘴疟的发生，大多由于上膈有痰饮，而酒尤其能聚生痰浊。岭南地区的谚语说：“不要喝卯时（早晨5-7点）的酒，不要吃申时（下午3-5点）饱饭。”这确实是养生的关键所在。
然而，忌讳晚餐过饱，人们虽然容易明白；但戒除卯时饮酒，人们却感到疑惑。这是因为南方的气候无常，即使是盛夏阴雨也必然寒冷，即使是隆冬日出后也必然温暖。一天之中，冷热变化多次，总的来说白天多暖，夜晚多寒。饮酒过度固然不适宜，而早晨饮酒尤为严重。当早晨寒气尚存时饮酒，若遇到突然的热气，就必定会聚结痰浊从而致病。
治疗瘴疟，不论先冷后热，还是先热后冷，或是热多寒少、寒多热少，都是因为夏季伤于暑气，汗出不透，或者秋季伤于风邪，或者过食生冷之物，先损伤了脾胃，加上沐浴时感冒风寒，多发作此类疾病。因此导致痰涎停滞在胸膈，所谓“无痰不生疟”。初起发病时宜先服用感应丸，以温中散寒、去除积滞，然后再服用此方（陈皮半夏汤），以正气来祛除痰浊。
陈皮（去掉白色内层） 半夏（用热水浸泡七次）
各取等份研成粗散。每次服用四钱，加生姜七片，用水煎煮，不拘泥时间服用。身体壮实的人每天服三四次，体虚的人每天服两次。瘴疟本源于痰，痰产生于湿，半夏能够胜除湿邪，化解脾胃之湿，所以能化痰。与陈皮同用，其味辛，辛能疏散滞气，利水谷，下气，气行则痰行，所以治疗瘴疟先用此药，以正气调理痰浊。
治疗四季感冒，五肿膈气，调和脾胃，温中降痰，止霍乱吐泻，心腹疼痛胀满，吞酸嗳气痞闷，噎塞干呕恶心，体内受寒湿生冷，体外感受风邪，以及山间瘴气，发作而成瘴病，身体沉重，骨节酸痛，头昏鼻塞，在尚未分辨阴阳证型之间，正适宜服用它，则正气自复，而病邪自退，并且能止汗，治疗各种疟疾，遍身浮肿，或者是风气侵袭，手足肿痛，完全不想饮食，肠腑时常鸣响，妇女怀孕前后及产后，都可以服用。小儿脾胃不和，时行疾病，又治疗四方之人不服水土的情况。凡是居住在岭南地区，此药不可缺少的。
厚朴（去皮，用生姜汁浸泡一夜） 半夏（热水浸泡七次，姜汁浸泡晒干）
陈皮（去掉白色内层） 藿香（去掉梗洗净） 甘草 草果（去皮） 苍术（去皮，米泔水浸泡一夜炒制）
以上各取等份。先用锅炒厚朴至香气溢出，其次加入苍术，炒至紫色，再放入半夏，炒至香熟，然后放入甘草炒黄，再放入陈皮炒。最后将众药安放好，藿香放在中心，用药覆盖盖严焖定，稍候片刻，待藿香变干，方可取出，同草果一起研为散剂。每次服用时加生姜、大枣用水煎煮。另一版本没有草果。
按：发生瘴气的地方，地势低洼卑薄，阴湿之气恒盛，四季多热，阳暖之气常泄。湿气盛则损伤脾胃，阳气泄则脾胃寒冷。此方用厚朴的温中去湿，陈皮的消痰下气，苍术的燥湿健胃安脾，甘草的调中，共同用以去除敦阜（积聚）之气；半夏利痰以消除瘴病的根本，藿香的芬芳助脾开胃止呕，草果的辛味以消食化滞。共成为温中正气的方剂。方名“正气”，是说它能纠正不正之气，所以是治疗瘴疟的首选方剂。
Bencao (Materia Medica) records: Three men walked together in the morning and were exposed to fog. The one who was empty-stomached died, the one who ate porridge fell ill, but only the one who drank wine remained healthy. In the southern regions, the weather is often foggy and cold in the early morning. Therefore, people encourage each other to drink wine, believing it can ward off cold and repel miasma. However, they likely do not realize that this is actually the source of inducing miasma. Generally, the southern climate is hot and damp. Drinking wine easily leads to contracting heat-dampness toxins, combined with the onset of Zang Malaria (瘴疟), which is largely caused by phlegm-fluid retention in the upper jiao (upper burner). Wine especially tends to gather phlegm. There is a proverb in Lingnan saying: "Do not drink wine at Mao hour (5-7 AM), do not eat until full at Shen hour (3-5 PM)." This is indeed a key principle of health preservation.
However, while people generally understand the taboo against overeating dinner, they are skeptical about abstaining from morning wine. This is because the southern climate is irregular; even in midsummer during rainy seasons, it must be cold, and even in deep winter after sunrise, it must be warm. Within a single day, temperatures fluctuate frequently. Generally, days are warmer and nights are colder. Excessive drinking is inadvisable, and drinking in the morning is particularly severe. When one drinks amidst morning chill and then encounters sudden heat, phlegm will inevitably accumulate and cause disease.
To treat Zang Malaria (瘴疟), regardless of whether chills precede fever or vice versa, or if there is more heat with slight chills, or more chills with slight heat, these conditions arise from summer heat injury where sweat did not discharge fully, or autumn wind injury, or excessive consumption of raw/cold foods damaging the Spleen and Stomach first, compounded by catching cold after bathing. This leads to phlegm-saliva stagnating in the chest and diaphragm, as stated: "No phlegm, no malaria." At the initial stage, it is appropriate to first administer Yinggan Wan (感应丸) to warm the middle and remove accumulation, followed by this formula (Chenpi Banxia Tang / Tangerine Peel and Pinellia Decoction) to use Zhengqi (Upright Qi) to resolve phlegm.
Chenpi (Tangerine Peel, white pith removed) and Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, soaked in boiling water seven times)
In equal parts, ground into a coarse powder. Take 4 qian per dose, decoct with 7 slices of fresh Ginger in water. Take at any time. Robust individuals take 3-4 doses daily; weak individuals take 2 doses daily. Zang Malaria originates from Phlegm, and Phlegm arises from Dampness. Banxia can overcome Spleen-Stomach Dampness, thus resolving Phlegm. Used with Chenpi, its pungent flavor disperses stagnant Qi, promotes fluid metabolism, and directs Qi downward. When Qi moves, Phlegm moves. Hence, it is used first in treating Zang Malaria to regulate Phlegm via Zhengqi (Upright Qi).
This formula treats common colds in all four seasons, five types of swelling and diaphragmatic Qi stagnation, harmonizes the Spleen and Stomach, warms the middle and descends Phlegm, stops cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea, abdominal pain and distension, acid regurgitation, belching, and stifling sensation, dysphagia, dry heaving, and nausea. It addresses internal invasion of Cold-Dampness and raw/cold foods, external contraction of Wind pathogens, and mountain Miasma causing Zang disease. Symptoms include heavy body, sore joints, dizziness, nasal congestion. Before differentiating Yin and Yang syndromes, it is suitable for administration; then Zhengqi (Upright Qi) will restore itself, and the pathogen will recede. It also stops sweating, treats various Malarial diseases, generalized edema, swelling due to Wind-Qi invasion, painful/swollen hands and feet, loss of appetite, intestinal borborygmi, and can be taken by women before and after childbirth. For children with Spleen-Stomach disharmony and seasonal epidemics, it also treats maladaptation to local environments for those from other regions. For anyone residing in Lingnan, this medicine is indispensable.
Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, bark removed, soaked overnight in Ginger juice), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, soaked in boiling water seven times, soaked in Ginger juice, dried), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel, white pith removed), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba, stems removed, washed clean), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Caoguo (Tsaoko Fructus, husk removed), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, husk removed, soaked overnight in rice-washing water, stir-fried).
Take equal parts of the above. First, stir-fry Houpo in a pot until fragrant. Next, add Cangzhu and stir-fry until purple. Then add Banxia and stir-fry until fragrant and cooked. Add Gancao and stir-fry until yellow. Then add Chenpi and stir-fry. Finally, arrange the herbs, placing Huoxiang in the center, cover completely with the other herbs, and seal/steep for a short while until Huoxiang dries out. Remove, mix with Caoguo, and grind into a powder. Each dose is decocted with Ginger and Jujube in water. Another version excludes Caoguo.
Note: In areas prone to Miasma, the terrain is low and thin, with persistent Yin-Dampness. Heat prevails throughout the year, causing Yang-Warmth to leak excessively. Excessive Dampness damages the Spleen and Stomach; leaking Yang makes the Spleen and Stomach cold. This formula uses Houpo to warm the middle and drain Dampness, Chenpi to resolve Phlegm and direct Qi downward, Cangzhu to dry Dampness and strengthen the Stomach and calm the Spleen, and Gancao to regulate the middle. Together, they remove accumulated (Dunfu) Qi. Banxia benefits Phlegm to eliminate the root of Miasma. Huoxiang's aromatic nature assists the Spleen, opens the stomach, and stops vomiting. Caoguo's pungency aids digestion and resolves stagnation. Collectively, they form a formula to warm the middle and rectify Zhengqi (Upright Qi). Named "Zhengqi" (Upright Qi), it signifies its ability to correct deviant Qi, making it the primary formula for treating Miasma.