雀目内障多痒涩，暮暗朝明与雀同，黄昏视下难见上，肝风邪火障双瞳。洗肝散用
车前子，柴胡芩细黑参茺，泻肝汤里硝黄芍，桔梗黄芩与防风。
【注】雀目内障，患时暮暗朝明，多痒多涩，发作不常，或明或暗，夜中惟能视直下
之物，而不能视上。乃肝风邪火上冲于目，致成内障。宜服洗肝散先清虚热，后服泻肝汤，以泻其实邪也。
洗肝散方
车前子（一钱） 柴胡（一钱五分） 黄芩（一钱） 细辛（五分） 黑参（一钱） 茺蔚子（二钱）
上为粗末，以水二盏，黑豆三七粒，煎至一盏，去黑豆，空心温服。
雀目泻肝汤方
芒硝 大黄 白芍药 桔梗（各一钱） 黄芩 防风（各二钱）
上为粗末，以水二盏，煎至一盏，食前去渣温服。
高风内障号鸡盲，天晚不明天晓光，夜能上视难见下，损亏肝血肾精伤。补肝羚细
羌苓楮，参黑车斛枯草防，还睛石决人参细，茺蔚知苓芎木香。
【注】高风内障之证，两眼至天晚不明，天晓复明。缘肝有积热，肾经虚损，乃阳微
阴盛也。天晚阴长，则天时之阴，助人身之阴，能视顶上之物，不能下视诸物，至天晓
阳长，则天时之阳，助人身之阳，而眼复明矣。宜用补肝散、还睛丸。
高风补肝散方
羚羊角 细辛 羌活 茯苓 楮实子 人参 元参 车前子 石斛 夏枯草 防风（各一钱）
上为粗末，以水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服。
高风还睛丸方
石决明（二两） 人参（一两） 细辛（五钱） 茺蔚子（二两） 知母（一两） 茯苓（一两） 芎
（一两） 木香（五钱）
上为细末，炼蜜为丸，如桐子大，空心茶清送下三钱。
雀目内障（夜间视力障碍伴瞳神病变）的症状多为眼痒、干涩，表现为傍晚视力模糊而早晨清晰，与麻雀的习性相同。黄昏时只能看清下方的物体，难以看清上方的物体，这是由肝风邪火遮蔽双眼瞳孔所致。治疗应使用洗肝散，其药物包括车前子、柴胡、黄芩、细辛、黑参、茺蔚子；或者使用泻肝汤，其药物包括芒硝、大黄、白芍药、桔梗、黄芩、防风。
【注】雀目内障，发病时傍晚视力昏暗而早晨清晰，多伴有眼痒和干涩，发作没有固定规律，有时清晰有时昏暗。在夜晚只能看见正前方的物体，而不能看见上方的物体。这是由于肝风邪火上冲于眼睛，导致形成内障。适宜服用洗肝散先清除虚热，随后服用泻肝汤，以泻除实邪。
洗肝散方剂组成：
车前子（一钱）、柴胡（一钱五分）、黄芩（一钱）、细辛（五分）、黑参（一钱）、茺蔚子（二钱）。
将上述药材捣成粗末，用水两盏，加入黑豆三十七粒，煎煮至一盏，去掉黑豆，空腹温服。
雀目泻肝汤方剂组成：
芒硝、大黄、白芍药、桔梗（各一钱）、黄芩、防风（各二钱）。
将上述药材捣成粗末，用水两盏，煎煮至一盏，饭前去渣滓温服。
高风内障（夜盲症）又称鸡盲，特点是天黑后视力不清，天亮后恢复光明，夜间能向上看却难以下视，这是由于肝血亏损、肾精损伤所致。治疗应使用补肝散，其药物包括羚羊角、细辛、羌活、茯苓、楮实子、人参、元参、车前子、石斛、夏枯草、防风；或者使用还睛丸，其药物包括石决明、人参、细辛、茺蔚子、知母、茯苓、川芎、木香。
【注】高风内障的证候，两眼到天黑时看不清，天亮后又复明。原因是肝脏有积热，肾经虚损，属于阳气微弱、阴气盛行的状态。天黑时阴气增长，天时之阴助长人体之阴，所以能看见头顶上的物体，不能下视其他物体；到了天亮阳气增长，天时之阳助长人体之阳，眼睛便恢复了光明。适宜使用补肝散、还睛丸。
高风补肝散方剂组成：
羚羊角、细辛、羌活、茯苓、楮实子、人参、元参、车前子、石斛、夏枯草、防风（各一钱）。
将上述药材捣成粗末，用水两盏，煎煮至一盏，去渣滓温服。
高风还睛丸方剂组成：
石决明（二两）、人参（一两）、细辛（五钱）、茺蔚子（二两）、知母（一两）、茯苓（一两）、川芎（一两）、木香（五钱）。
将上述药材研为细末，用炼蜜制成丸药，大小如梧桐子大，空腹时用茶汁送服三钱。
Qingmu Neizhang (Night Blindness with Internal Cataract) is characterized by itching and dryness, presenting as dim vision at dusk and clear vision in the morning, similar to the habits of sparrows. At twilight, one can see objects below but has difficulty seeing objects above; this is caused by Liver wind and pathogenic fire obstructing both pupils. Treatment should employ Xigan San (Wash Liver Powder), which contains Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Heishen (Polygonati Rhizoma, specifically referring to a processed form or Panax notoginseng in some contexts, here likely Polygonatum), and Chongweizi (Leonuri Fructus); alternatively, Xiegan Tang (Drain Liver Decoction) may be used, containing Xiaoshuang (Natrii Sulfas), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Baishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix).
[Note] Qingmu Neizhang presents with dim vision at dusk and clarity in the morning, often accompanied by itching and dryness. The onset is irregular, with vision fluctuating between clear and dim. At night, only objects directly in front can be seen, while those above cannot. This condition arises from Liver wind and pathogenic fire rushing upward to the eyes, resulting in internal cataracts. It is appropriate to take Xigan San first to clear deficient heat, followed by Xiegan Tang to drain excess pathogens.
Formula for Xigan San:
Cheqianzi (1 qian), Chaihu (1.5 qian), Huangqin (1 qian), Xixin (0.5 qian), Heishen (1 qian), Chongweizi (2 qian).
Grind the above herbs into coarse powder. Add two cups of water and 37 black soybeans. Decoct until one cup remains. Remove the black soybeans and take warm on an empty stomach.
Formula for Qingmu Xiegan Tang:
Xiaoshuang, Dahuang, Baishaoyao, Jiegeng (each 1 qian); Huangqin, Fangfeng (each 2 qian).
Grind the above herbs into coarse powder. Add two cups of water. Decoct until one cup remains. Strain and take warm before meals.
Gaofeng Neizhang (High Wind Internal Cataract), also known as Ji Mang (Chicken Blindness), is characterized by unclear vision at night and restored clarity at dawn. Night vision allows looking up but makes looking down difficult; this is due to the depletion of Liver blood and injury to Kidney essence. Treatment should employ Bugan San (Tonify Liver Powder), containing Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fuling (Poria), Chushizi (Celtidis Fructus), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Yuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Shihu (Dendrobii Caulis), Xiakucao (Prunellae Spica), and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix); or Huanjing Wan (Restore Vision Pill), containing Shijueming (Arcae Concha), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Chongweizi (Leonuri Fructus), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), and Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix).
[Note] The syndrome of Gaofeng Neizhang involves eyes that cannot see clearly at night but recover vision at dawn. The cause is accumulated heat in the Liver and deficiency damage in the Kidney meridian, representing weak Yang and flourishing Yin. At night, when Yin grows, the Yin of heaven assists the Yin of the body, enabling vision of objects overhead but preventing downward vision. At dawn, when Yang grows, the Yang of heaven assists the Yang of the body, restoring eye clarity. It is appropriate to use Bugan San and Huanjing Wan.
Formula for Gaofeng Bugan San:
Lingyangjiao, Xixin, Qianghuo, Fuling, Chushizi, Renshen, Yuan Shen, Cheqianzi, Shihu, Xiakucao, Fangfeng (each 1 qian).
Grind the above herbs into coarse powder. Add two cups of water. Decoct until one cup remains. Strain and take warm.
Formula for Gaofeng Huanjing Wan:
Shijueming (2 liang), Renshen (1 liang), Xixin (5 qian), Chongweizi (2 liang), Zhimu (1 liang), Fuling (1 liang), Xiong (1 liang), Muxiang (5 qian).
Grind the above herbs into fine powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take 3 qian with tea infusion on an empty stomach.