气味甘、平、苦、微寒，无毒。主解百毒，杀百精老物殃鬼，辟瘟疫瘴气邪气
，蛊毒入口皆吐出，中恶腹痛，时气毒疠，头痛寒热，风肿诸毒，喉痛口疮。久服不夭，轻
身长年。
张隐庵曰∶升麻气味甘、苦、平，甘者土也，苦者火也，主从中土而达太阳之气，太阳
标阳本寒，故微寒。盖太阳禀寒水之气而行于肤表，如天气之下连于水也。太阳在上，则天
日当空，光明清湛；清湛故主解百毒，光明故杀百精老物殃鬼。太阳之气行于肤表，故辟瘟
疫瘴气邪气。太阳之气行于地中，故蛊毒入口皆吐出；治蛊毒，则中恶腹痛自除；辟瘟疫瘴
气邪气，则时气毒疠、头痛寒热自散。寒水之气滋于外而济于上，故治风肿诸毒、喉痛口
疮。久服，则阴精上滋，故不夭；阳气盛故轻身；阴阳充足则长年矣。
尝考∶凡物纹如车辐者，皆有升转循环之用。防风、秦艽、乌药、防己、木通、升麻，
皆纹如车辐，而升麻更觉空通，所以升转甚捷也。
气味苦、平、微寒，无毒。主风（湿寒）热邪气，热结黄胆。久服轻身，益气，
耐老，面白悦，长年。白兔食成仙。
张隐庵曰∶《经》云∶春三月，此为发陈。茵陈因旧苗而春生，盖因冬令寒水之气，而
具阳春生发之机。主治风湿寒热邪气，得生阳之气，则外邪自散也。结热黄胆，得水寒之气
，则内热自除也。久服则生阳上升，故轻身益气耐老。因陈而生新，故面白悦、长年。兔乃
纯阴之物，喜食阳春之气，故白兔食之成仙。
【升麻】
气味：甘、平、苦、微寒，无毒。
功效：主治解除各种毒素，杀灭百精老物及殃鬼，辟除瘟疫、瘴气等邪气；蛊毒入口皆能吐出；治疗中恶腹痛、时行疫气毒疠、头痛寒热、风肿诸毒、喉痛口疮。长期服用不会夭折，能使身体轻健、延年益寿。
张隐庵说：升麻的气味是甘、苦、平。甘味属土，苦味属火，主要作用是从中焦脾胃之气通达太阳经之气。太阳经的标阳本于寒水，所以药性表现为微寒。大概因为太阳经禀受寒水之气而运行于皮肤体表，就像天气下连于水一样。太阳经气在上，则如天日当空，光明清澈；正因为清澈，所以能解除各种毒素；正因为光明，所以能杀灭百精老物及殃鬼。太阳经气运行于皮肤体表，所以能辟除瘟疫、瘴气等邪气。太阳经气运行于地中（指体内深层或对应关系），所以蛊毒入口皆能吐出；治疗蛊毒，那么中恶腹痛自然消除；辟除瘟疫、瘴气等邪气，那么时行疫气毒疠、头痛寒热自然消散。寒水之气滋润于外并济助上部，所以能治疗风肿诸毒、喉痛口疮。长期服用，则阴精上滋，所以不会夭折；阳气旺盛所以身体轻健；阴阳充足就能延年益寿。
我曾经考证：凡是物体纹理像车轮辐条一样的，都有升转循环的作用。防风、秦艽、乌药、防己、木通、升麻，纹理都像车轮辐条，而升麻更显得中空通透，所以升转作用非常迅速。
【茵陈蒿】
气味：苦、平、微寒，无毒。
功效：主治风湿寒热邪气，热结导致的黄疸。长期服用能使身体轻健，益气，抗衰老，面色白润悦泽，延年益寿。据说白兔吃了能成仙。
张隐庵说：《神农本草经》说：“春季三个月，这是推陈出新的季节。”茵陈是因为旧有的苗株而在春天生长，大概是借助了冬季寒水之气，而具备了阳春生发的生机。主治风湿寒热邪气，得到生发之阳气，则外邪自然消散。热结导致的黄疸，得到水寒之气，则内热自然消除。长期服用则生发之阳气上升，所以身体轻健、益气、抗衰老。因为从陈旧中生出新意，所以面色白润悦泽、延年益寿。兔子是纯阴之物，喜欢食用阳春之气，所以白兔吃了它能成仙。
[Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae)]
Flavor and Nature: Sweet, neutral, bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic.
Actions: Primarily resolves hundred toxins, kills hundred spirits/old entities and malevolent ghosts, repels epidemic miasma, zhang qi (miasmic pathogens), and other evil pathogens; any gu poison (parasitic/toxic pathogen) entering the mouth will be vomited out; treats zhong e abdominal pain (sudden severe abdominal pain due to evil qi), shi qi du li (epidemic toxic pestilence), headache with chills and fever, wind swelling and various toxins, sore throat, and oral ulcers. Long-term consumption prevents premature death, lightens the body, and prolongs life.
Zhang Yinan stated: Shengma's flavors are sweet, bitter, and neutral. Sweet corresponds to Earth, bitter corresponds to Fire. Its primary action is to transmit Qi from the Middle Jiao (Spleen/Stomach) to reach the Taiyang (Greater Yang) channel. The Taiyang channel's manifesting Yang originates from Cold Water, hence its nature is slightly cold. Essentially, the Taiyang channel receives Cold Water Qi and circulates on the skin and surface, similar to how Heaven's Qi connects downwards to Water. When Taiyang Qi is superior, it is like the sun shining in the sky, bright and clear; because it is clear, it resolves hundred toxins; because it is bright, it kills hundred spirits/old entities and malevolent ghosts. Since Taiyang Qi circulates on the skin and surface, it repels epidemic miasma, zhang qi, and other evil pathogens. Since Taiyang Qi circulates within the earth (metaphorically referring to internal depth or correspondence), gu poison entering the mouth is vomited out; treating gu poison eliminates zhong e abdominal pain naturally; repelling epidemic miasma, zhang qi, and other evil pathogens dissipates shi qi du li, headache, chills, and fever naturally. Cold Water Qi nourishes externally and assists the upper part, thus treating wind swelling, various toxins, sore throat, and oral ulcers. Long-term consumption causes Yin Essence to nourish upwards, preventing premature death; abundant Yang Qi lightens the body; sufficient Yin and Yang prolongs life.
I have examined: Any substance with patterns resembling chariot spokes possesses the function of ascending, rotating, and circulating. Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae), Qinjiao (Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae), Wuyao (Radix Linderae), Fangji (Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae), and Shengma all have patterns resembling chariot spokes, but Shengma appears even more hollow and open, therefore its ascending and rotating action is very swift.
[Yinchenhao (Herba Artemisiae Scopariae)]
Flavor and Nature: Bitter, neutral, slightly cold, non-toxic.
Actions: Primarily treats wind-dampness-cold-heat evil pathogens and jaundice caused by heat accumulation. Long-term consumption lightens the body, benefits Qi, resists aging, makes the complexion white and radiant, and prolongs life. It is said that white rabbits consume it to become immortals.
Zhang Yinan stated: The Classic says: "The first three months of Spring are for sprouting and renewing." Yinchen grows in spring from old seedlings, likely utilizing the Cold Water Qi of winter to possess the generative mechanism of spring sunshine. It primarily treats wind-dampness-cold-heat evil pathogens; obtaining the generative Yang Qi allows external pathogens to dissipate naturally. For jaundice caused by heat accumulation, receiving the Cold Water Qi allows internal heat to eliminate itself. Long-term consumption causes generative Yang Qi to ascend, thus lightening the body, benefiting Qi, and resisting aging. Because it generates newness from the old, the complexion becomes white and radiant, and life is prolonged. Rabbits are pure Yin entities that enjoy consuming the Qi of spring sunshine; thus, white rabbits eating it become immortals.