味咸寒。主心腹寒热洗洗。血积症瘕。破坚。下血闭。生子大良。一名地鳖。生川泽
。
墉壁湿生。含污渍涅。扬簸张箕。蹒跚跛鳖。襁负儿嬉。街游壤别。牝牡灯蛾。妍媸媚
悦。
名医曰。生沙中。及人家墙壁下。土中湿处。拾遗记。滞污渍涅。皆如新浣。寇宗 曰。
一
名簸箕虫。诗。维南有箕。不可以簸扬。陶弘景曰。形扁如鳖。故名土鳖。玉篇。蹒跚。旋
行貌。荀子。跛鳖千里。苏恭曰。无甲而有鳞。小儿多捕以负物为戏。埤雅。 逢申日则过
街。故名过街。曹植赋。邦换壤别。李时珍曰。与灯蛾相牝牡。苏轼诗。妍媸本在君。我岂
相媚悦。
味咸平。主目瞑明目。夜视有精光。久服令人喜乐。媚好无忧。一名蝙蝠。生山谷。
肉芝仙饫。饮乳浮银。倒飞垂脑。服气调神。穴分鼠鸟。候变宵晨。漫推甲子。亦守庚
申。
苏恭曰。仙经列为肉芝。述异记。千岁之后。体白如银。山洞有乳窟。饮汁而得长生。
参同
契。采浮银至宝于西方。拾遗记。岱舆山蝙蝠。有倒飞腹向天者。有脑重头垂者。寇宗 曰
。此善服气。冬月不食。唐明皇诗。芝桂欲调神。正法念经。譬如蝙蝠。入穴为鼠。出穴为
鸟。乌台诗案。蝠以日入为旦。日出为夕。陶潜诗。淹留忘宵晨。独异志。明皇朝有张果老
。不知岁数。道士叶静能曰。此混沌初分。白蝙蝠精变化。自然论。蝙蝠夜值庚申则伏。许
浑诗。
年长漫劳推甲子。夜深谁共守庚申。
味咸，性寒。主治心腹部的寒冷与发热感（表现为战栗不适）。消除瘀血积聚和症瘕痞块（腹部结块性疾病）。破除坚积。通下经血闭阻。对生育大有益处。又名地鳖。生于川泽之地。
在墙壁缝隙潮湿处滋生。含着污垢泥尘。像簸箕一样扬起簸动。行动迟缓如跛脚的鳖。背负幼童嬉戏。在街巷泥土间游动区分雌雄。如同灯蛾般雌雄相伴。无论美丑都相互取悦。
名医说：生于沙地中，以及人家墙壁下、土壤中潮湿的地方。《拾遗记》记载：滞留在污垢泥尘中，都像刚洗过一样干净。寇宗奭说：又名簸箕虫。《诗经》云：“南方有箕星，但不能用来簸扬谷物。”陶弘景说：形状扁平像鳖，所以名叫土鳖。《玉篇》解释：蹒跚，是旋转行走的样子。《荀子》说：跛脚的鳖也能走千里路。苏恭说：没有甲壳但有鳞片。小孩子多捕捉它来背负物品玩耍。《埤雅》记载：遇到申日就穿过街道，所以名叫过街（穿山甲/蝙蝠的一种俗称）。曹植赋中提到：邦域换壤分别。李时珍说：与灯蛾互为雌雄。苏轼诗云：美丑本在于你，我岂能与之媚悦。
味咸，性平。主治眼睛昏花，使视力明亮。夜间视物有精光。长期服用使人喜悦快乐。容貌美好无忧愁。又名蝙蝠。生于山谷之中。
作为肉芝仙家饱食之物。饮用乳汁浮起银色光泽。倒飞时垂下脑袋。服用气机以调摄精神。洞穴中分为鼠类和鸟类特征。观察变化于夜晚和清晨之间。随意推算命理甲子。也遵守庚申日伏藏的习惯。
苏恭说：仙经将其列为肉芝。《述异记》记载：千年之后，身体白如银。山洞中有乳窟，饮用汁液得以长生。《参同契》提到：从西方采集浮银至宝。《拾遗记》记载：岱舆山的蝙蝠，有倒飞时腹部朝向天的，有因为头重而头部下垂的。寇宗奭说：这善于服气，冬季不进食。唐明皇诗云：芝桂想要调摄精神。《正法念经》说：譬如蝙蝠，进入洞穴变成老鼠，走出洞穴变成鸟。《乌台诗案》记载：蝙蝠以日落为早晨，日出为傍晚。陶潜诗云：滞留忘掉了夜晚和清晨。《独异志》记载：唐明皇朝有个张果老，不知道岁数。道士叶静能说：这是混沌初开时，白蝙蝠精变化而成。自然论认为：蝙蝠在夜间的庚申日则伏藏。许浑诗云：年长后徒劳地推算甲子，夜深时谁共守庚申。
Taste salty, nature cold. Primarily treats cold and heat sensations in the heart and abdomen (manifesting as shivering discomfort). Eliminates blood stasis accumulations and zheng jia masses (abdominal lump diseases). Breaks down hard accumulations. Promotes the discharge of menstrual blood obstruction. Highly beneficial for fertility. Also known as Di Bie. Grows in rivers and marshes.
It breeds in the damp crevices of walls. It harbors filth and mud. Like a winnowing basket, it扬起 and shakes. It moves slowly like a lame turtle. Carrying children on its back to play. It wanders in streets and soil, distinguishing between male and female. Like moths around a lamp, males and females accompany each other. Regardless of beauty or ugliness, they please one another.
Famous physicians state: It grows in sandy areas, as well as under house walls and in damp places within the soil. The *Shiyi Ji* (Records of Lost Antiquities) records: Lying in filth and mud, yet remaining as clean as if newly washed. Kou Zongshi states: Also known as Boji Chong (Winnowing Basket Insect). The *Classic of Poetry* says: "In the south there is the Winnowing Basket constellation, but it cannot be used to winnow grain." Tao Hongjing states: Its shape is flat like a turtle, hence named Tu Bie (Earth Turtle). The *Yu Pian* explains: Panshan refers to the manner of rotating while walking. The *Xunzi* states: A lame turtle can travel a thousand li. Su Gong states: It has no shell but has scales. Children often catch it to carry objects as play. The *Pi Ya* records: On days corresponding to Shen, it crosses the street, hence named Guo Jie (Street Crossing). Cao Zhi's fu mentions: Regions and soils are distinguished. Li Shizhen states: It pairs with lamp moths as male and female. Su Shi's poem says: Beauty and ugliness reside in you; how could I flatter you?
Taste salty, nature neutral. Primarily treats blurred vision, restoring clarity. At night, vision possesses intense light. Long-term consumption brings joy and happiness. Enhances beauty and eliminates worry. Also known as Bian Fu (Bat). Grows in mountain valleys.
It is consumed by immortals as Rou Zhi (Meat Mushroom). Drinking milk produces floating silver luster. Flying upside down with head hanging low. Consuming qi to regulate the spirit. Caves exhibit characteristics of both rats and birds. Observing changes between night and morning. Casually calculating the sexagenary cycle (Jiazi). Also observing the custom of hiding on Gengshen days.
Su Gong states: Immortal texts list it as Rou Zhi. The *Shuyi Ji* (Records of Strange Tales) records: After a thousand years, the body turns white as silver. Mountain caves contain milk grottos; drinking the juice grants longevity. The *Cantong Qi* mentions: Collecting the supreme treasure of floating silver from the West. The *Shiyi Ji* records: Bats on Daiyu Mountain include those that fly upside down with their bellies facing heaven, and those whose heads hang low due to heaviness. Kou Zongshi states: These are adept at consuming qi and do not eat during winter. Emperor Xuanzong of Tang wrote in poetry: Ginseng and cassia aim to regulate the spirit. The *Zhengfa Nian Jing* (Sutra of Righteous Law Recollection) states: Like a bat, entering the cave becomes a rat, exiting the cave becomes a bird. The *Wutai Shi An* (Cases of the Crow Terrace) records: Bats regard sunset as dawn and sunrise as dusk. Tao Qian's poem says: Lingering, forgetting night and morning. The *Duyi Zhi* (Records of Unique Oddities) states: During Emperor Xuanzong's reign, there was Zhang Guolao, whose age was unknown. Daoist Ye Jingneng stated: This was a transformation of a white bat spirit from the beginning of chaos. Natural theory posits: Bats hide on Gengshen nights. Xu Hun's poem says: As one ages, laboriously calculating the Jiazi is futile; deep at night, who shares the vigil of Gengshen?