味咸寒。主小儿惊痫螈 。腹胀寒热。大人 疾狂易。一名 蜣。火熬之良。生池泽
。
深睛昂鼻。附母飞行。圆催丸转。光扑灯明。久谙饱秽。忽化饥清。野狐觅食。暗听钟
声。
韩保升曰。此类多种。以鼻高目深者入药。庄子。 蜣之智。在于转丸。陶弘景曰。俗
名推
丸。寇宗 曰。腹翼有小黄。子附母而飞。昼伏夜出。见灯光则来。狐喜食之。抱朴子曰。
鸣蝉洁饥。不羡蜣螂秽饱。李时珍曰。柞蝉有转丸化成者。苏轼诗。洪钟起暗室。能作殷床
声。
味咸寒。主产难。出肉中刺。溃痈肿下哽噎。解毒除恶创。一名蟪蛄。一名天蝼。一
名。夜出者良。生平泽。
秽穴声来。阴生夏至。一技无成。五能徒备。昼伏宵行。雄升雌坠。磨铁相招。烙惊赤
地。
苏颂曰。穴地粪壤中而生。礼注。孟夏蝼蝈鸣。阴气动于夏。应之而鸣也。蔡邕文。硕
鼠（
蝼蛄别名）五能。不成一技。注。能飞不能上屋。能缘不能穷木。能游不能度谷。能穴不能
藏身。能走不能绝人。山海经。 宵飞而昼伏。尔雅正义。雄者善鸣善飞。雌者不能飞翔
。食风与土类。从磨铁致蛄。物相感也。李时珍曰。烧地令赤。置蝼于上。任其跳死。覆者
雄。仰者雌也。
味辛温。主腹中大坚症。破积聚息肉。恶创白秃。一名百足。生川谷。（即马 大
蜈蚣也）
翠屏摇曳。逃影岩嵌。避蜗涎滑。羡蛇足芟。步嗤鳖跛。醉解鸡馋。食牛气壮。鸣鼓声
严。
岭南异物志。珠崖人。每晴明。见海中远山罗列如翠屏。东西不定。悉蜈蚣也。高启诗。
罔
两忌影逃岩嵌。玉匣记。蜗牛登蜈蚣背。以涎绕之。其足自落。庄子。 怜蛇。注。以有而
羡
无也。黄庭坚诗。百足马 笑鳖跛。束晰记。鸡以蜈蚣为酒。食之即醉。异物志东南海中。
蜈蚣长数丈。能啖牛。里人秋冬间。鸣鼓燃火炬。以驱逐之。
【蜣螂】
味道咸，性寒。主治小儿惊风抽搐、癫痫。腹胀，伴有寒热症状。成人癫狂、神志错乱。又名“蜋蜩”。用火熬制后使用效果良好。生长在池塘沼泽地带。
身体深陷，眼睛突出，鼻子昂起。依附在母体上飞行。圆滚滚地推动粪球转动，光亮吸引灯光。长久习惯于饱食污秽之物，忽然间化腐朽为神奇变得清净。野狐寻找食物时，暗中倾听钟声（指其鸣声或活动迹象）。
韩保升说：这类昆虫有很多种，以鼻子高、眼睛深的入药。《庄子》说：“蜣螂的智慧，在于推转粪丸。”陶弘景说：俗称“推丸”。寇宗奭说：腹部翅膀上有小黄斑，幼虫依附母体飞行，白天潜伏，夜晚出来，见到灯光就飞来。狐狸喜欢吃它。葛洪（抱朴子）说：“鸣叫的蝉因饥饿而洁净，不羡慕蜣螂因饱食污秽而满足。”李时珍说：柞蝉有推转粪丸化成的说法。苏轼的诗：“洪钟在暗室中响起，能发出震动床铺的声音。”
【蝼蛄】
味道咸，性寒。主治难产。拔出肉中的刺。溃破痈肿，缓解下焦噎塞感。解毒，消除恶疮。又名“蟪蛄”，又名“天蝼”，又名“蝲蛄”。夜间出来的品质好。生长在平原沼泽地带。
在污秽的洞穴中发声而来，阴气生于夏至时节。一种技能也没有成就，五种能力却徒然具备。白天潜伏，夜晚行走。雄性上升，雌性坠落。摩擦铁器相互招引，烧灼土地使其变红。
苏颂说：在地下的粪壤中穴居而生。《礼记注》说：孟夏时节蝼蝈鸣叫，阴气在夏季发动，应和它而鸣叫。蔡邕的文章说：硕鼠（蝼蛄的别名）有五种能力，却不成一项技艺。注释说：能飞但不能上屋，能攀爬但不能穷尽树木，能游泳但不能渡过深谷，能打洞但不能藏身，能奔跑但不能断绝人的去路。《山海经》说：夜晚飞翔，白天潜伏。《尔雅正义》说：雄性的善于鸣叫和飞翔，雌性的不能飞翔。吃风和土类的东西。通过磨铁引来蛄，这是物类相感的结果。李时珍说：烧地使其变红，把蝼蛄放在上面，任其跳死。背部朝上的为雄性，腹部朝上的为雌性。
【马陆/蜈蚣】
味道辛，性温。主治腹中坚硬的积块症。破除积聚的息肉，治疗恶疮和白秃头。又名“百足”。生长在川谷地带。（即大蜈蚣）
像翠绿的屏风摇曳，逃避影子藏在岩石缝隙中。躲避蜗牛分泌的滑液，羡慕蛇被砍掉脚。步伐嘲笑鳖的跛行，醉酒解除了鸡的馋欲。吃了牛肉气息壮盛，敲击鼓声严厉。
《岭南异物志》记载：珠崖人每逢晴天，看见海中远山罗列如翠绿屏风，东西不定，全是蜈蚣。高启的诗：“罔两（影子的精灵）忌讳影子逃入岩缝。”《玉匣记》记载：蜗牛登上蜈蚣背，用唾液环绕它，它的脚就会自动脱落。《庄子》说：“彭祖怜惜蛇。”注释说：因为拥有而羡慕没有（指蛇无足而行）。黄庭坚的诗：“百足马（蜈蚣）嘲笑鳖的跛行。”束晰的记载：鸡把蜈蚣泡酒喝，吃了就会醉。《异物志》记载东南海中，蜈蚣长达数丈，能吃牛。当地人秋冬季节，敲鼓点燃火炬，来驱逐它们。
[Scarabaeus (Dung Beetle)]
Taste: Salty. Nature: Cold. Indications: Pediatric convulsions, epilepsy, abdominal distension with alternating chills and fever, adult mania, and mental confusion. Alternative name: Liang Tiao. Best prepared by roasting over fire. Habitat: Ponds and marshes.
The body is sunken, eyes protruding, nose raised. It flies while attached to the mother. It rolls dung balls round and round, attracted by light. Having long been accustomed to feasting on filth, it suddenly transforms into purity. Wild foxes seek food by listening for its sounds in the dark.
Han Baosheng stated: There are many varieties of this insect; those with high noses and deep-set eyes are used medicinally. The *Zhuangzi* states: "The wisdom of the dung beetle lies in rolling dung balls." Tao Hongjing noted: Commonly known as "Roller." Kou Zongshi stated: It has small yellow spots on its abdominal wings, larvae fly attached to the mother, hides during the day and emerges at night, and is attracted to light. Foxes enjoy eating it. Ge Hong (Baopuzi) stated: "The singing cicada remains clean despite hunger, not envying the dung beetle's satisfaction with filth." Li Shizhen stated: There is a belief that certain cicadas transform from rolling dung balls. Su Shi's poem reads: "A great bell ringing in a dark room can produce a sound that shakes the bed."
[Mole Cricket]
Taste: Salty. Nature: Cold. Indications: Dystocia (difficult labor), extraction of thorns embedded in flesh, draining of abscesses, alleviation of lower jiao dysphagia. Detoxifies and eliminates malignant sores. Alternative names: Hui Gu, Tian Lou, La Gu. Those active at night are preferred. Habitat: Plains and marshes.
It emerges from foul burrows making sounds; Yin energy arises at the Summer Solstice. It masters no single skill, yet possesses five abilities in vain. It hides during the day and moves at night. Males ascend, females descend. They are attracted by the friction of iron; burning the earth turns it red.
Su Song stated: It lives in burrows within soil and manure. The commentary on the *Book of Rites* states: In early summer, mole crickets sing; Yin energy activates in summer, responding with their song. Cai Yong's essay mentions: The large rat (alternative name for mole cricket) has five abilities but achieves none. The annotation states: It can fly but cannot climb roofs; it can climb but cannot exhaust trees; it can swim but cannot cross valleys; it can dig but cannot hide completely; it can run but cannot cut off human paths. The *Classic of Mountains and Seas* states: It flies at night and hides during the day. The *Justice to the Erya* states: Males are good at singing and flying, while females cannot fly. It consumes wind and earth-like substances. The presence of the cricket is induced by grinding iron, demonstrating the resonance between things. Li Shizhen stated: Burn the ground until red, place the cricket upon it, and let it die jumping. Those lying on their backs are male; those lying on their bellies are female.
[Centipede]
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Warm. Indications: Large, hard masses in the abdomen; breaking up accumulations and polyps; treating malignant sores and white tinea capitis. Alternative name: Bai Zu (Hundred Feet). Habitat: Rivers and valleys. (Refers to the large centipede).
Swaying like emerald screens, fleeing shadows into rock crevices. Avoiding the slippery mucus of snails, envying snakes whose feet have been removed. Its gait mocks the limping turtle; intoxication resolves the chicken's craving. Consuming beef strengthens its aura; drumming sounds are severe.
The *Strange Things of Lingnan* records: People in Zhuya, on clear days, see distant mountains in the sea resembling emerald screens, shifting east and west, which are all centipedes. Gao Qi's poem reads: "Wangliang [spirit of the shadow] fears shadows fleeing into rock crevices." The *Jade Box Record* notes: When a snail climbs onto a centipede and surrounds it with mucus, its legs fall off naturally. The *Zhuangzi* mentions: "Peng Zu pities the snake." The annotation explains: Envying what one lacks (having limbs vs. lacking them). Huang Tingjian's poem reads: "The Hundred-Feet Horse [centipede] laughs at the turtle's limp." Shu Xi's record states: Chickens drink wine infused with centipedes and become intoxicated. The *Record of Strange Things* states: In the southeastern seas, centipedes can be several zhang long and can devour cattle. Locals beat drums and hold torches in autumn and winter to drive them away.