味咸，平。主目瞑，明目，夜视有精光。久服，令人喜乐，媚好无忧。一名蝙蝠。生川
谷（旧部禽部，今移）。
《吴普》曰∶伏翼，或生人家屋间。立夏后，阴干，治目冥，令人夜视有光（《艺文类
聚》）。
《名医》曰∶生太山及人家屋间。立夏后采，阴干。
案∶《说文》云∶蝙，蝙蝠也；蝠，蝙蝠，服翼也。《广雅》云∶伏翼，飞鼠，仙鼠，
也。《尔雅》云∶蝙蝠，服翼。《方言》云∶蝙蝠，自关而东，谓之伏翼，或谓之飞鼠
，或谓之老鼠，或谓之仙鼠；自关而西，秦陇之间，谓之蝙蝠；北燕谓之 。李当之云∶
即天鼠。
上虫、鱼，中品一十七种。旧十六种。考禽部伏翼宜入此。
味酸，平。主下气，除热、烦、满，安心，肢体痛，偏枯不仁，死肌，去青黑志，恶疾。
生川谷。
《吴普》曰∶梅实（《大观本草》作核），明目，益气（《御览》）、不饥（《大观本草》
引《吴氏本草》）。
《名医》曰∶生汉中。五月采，火干。
案∶《说文》云∶KT ，干梅之属，或作KT 。某，酸果也。以梅为楠。《尔雅》云∶梅楠
。郭璞云∶似杏，实酢，是以某注梅也。《周礼》∶笾人馈食，笾，其实干KT 。郑云∶干
KT
，干梅也。有桃诸、梅诸，是其干者。《毛诗》疏云∶梅暴为腊，羹 中，人含之，以香
口（《大观本草》）。
上果，中品一种。旧同。
味咸，性平。主治目瞑（视物昏暗不清），能明目，使夜间视物有精光。长期服用，使人心情喜乐，容颜美好，无忧无虑。又名蝙蝠。生长在山川河谷间（旧版归入禽部，现移至此）。
《吴普本草》说：伏翼，有的生长在人家房屋之间。立夏之后采集，阴干，治疗目冥（视力昏暗），使人夜间视物有光亮（出自《艺文类聚》）。
《名医别录》说：生长在泰山以及人家房屋之间。立夏后采集，阴干。
按语：《说文解字》说：蝙，就是蝙蝠；蝠，就是蝙蝠，也叫服翼。《广雅》说：伏翼，就是飞鼠、仙鼠。《尔雅》说：蝙蝠，就是服翼。《方言》说：蝙蝠，从函谷关以东，称为伏翼，或者称为飞鼠，或者称为老鼠，或者称为仙鼠；从函谷关以西，秦陇之间，称为蝙蝠；北燕地区称为[缺字]。李当之说：就是天鼠。
以上虫、鱼类药物中，属于中品的有十七种。旧版为十六种。考证禽部的伏翼适宜归入此类。
**梅实（梅子）**
味酸，性平。主治下气（降逆气），除去热邪、烦闷、胀满，安定心神，治疗肢体疼痛，偏枯不仁（半身不遂且感觉迟钝），死肌（坏死肌肉），去除青黑色的痣，以及恶疾（严重的疾病）。生长在山川河谷间。
《吴普本草》说：梅实（《大观本草》写作“核”），能明目，益气（补益正气）（出自《太平御览》），使人不感到饥饿（《大观本草》引用《吴氏本草》）。
《名医别录》说：生长在汉中。五月采集，用火烘干。
按语：《说文解字》说：[缺字]，是干梅一类的东西，有的写作[缺字]。某，是酸果。用“梅”字作为“楠”。《尔雅》说：梅就是楠。郭璞说：形状像杏，果实味酸，所以用“某”来注释“梅”。《周礼》记载：笾人负责供奉食物，笾这种容器，里面装的是干[缺字]。郑玄说：干[缺字]，就是干梅。有桃诸、梅诸，都是它们的干制品。《毛诗》疏说：梅晒干制成腊，放在羹汤中，人含在嘴里，用来使口气芳香（出自《大观本草》）。
以上果类药物中，属于中品的有一种。旧版相同。
**Fuyi (Bat)**
The taste is salty, and the nature is Ping (Neutral). It primarily treats Mu Ming (dim vision), brightens the eyes, and enables clear vision with essential luster at night. Prolonged administration induces joy and happiness, improves complexion, and eliminates worry. It is also known as Bianfu (Bat). It grows in river valleys and mountains (formerly classified under the Avian section, now moved here).
Wu Pu states: Fuyi sometimes inhabits the spaces within human dwellings. After Lixia (Start of Summer), it is collected and dried in the shade. It treats Mu Ming (dim vision) and enables clear vision at night (cited from Yiwen Leiju).
Mingyi Bielu states: It grows on Mount Tai and in the spaces within human dwellings. It is collected after Lixia (Start of Summer) and dried in the shade.
Commentary: Shuowen Jiezi states: "Bian" refers to Bianfu (Bat); "Fu" refers to Bianfu, also known as Fuyi. Guangya states: Fuyi is Feishu (Flying Mouse) or Xianshu (Immortal Mouse). Erya states: Bianfu is Fuyi. Fangyan states: In regions east of Hangu Pass, Bianfu is called Fuyi, Feishu, Laoshu (Old Mouse), or Xianshu; in regions west of Hangu Pass, between Qin and Long, it is called Bianfu; in Northern Yan, it is called [missing character]. Li Dangzhi states: It is Tianshu (Heavenly Mouse).
Among the above insect and fish substances, there are seventeen varieties classified in the Middle Grade. The old classification had sixteen. Examination suggests that Fuyi from the Avian section should be included in this category.
**Meishi (Plum Fruit)**
The taste is sour, and the nature is Ping (Neutral). It primarily directs Qi downward, eliminates Heat, vexation, and fullness, calms the Heart, treats limb pain, Pianku Buren (hemiplegia with numbness/insensitivity), Si Ji (necrotic muscle tissue), removes blue-black moles, and treats E Ji (severe/malignant diseases). It grows in river valleys and mountains.
Wu Pu states: Meishi (recorded as "kernel" in Daguan Bencao) brightens the eyes, benefits Qi (vital energy) (cited from Taiping Yulan), and prevents hunger (Daguan Bencao citing Wushi Bencao).
Mingyi Bielu states: It grows in Hanzhong. It is collected in the fifth lunar month and dried over fire.
Commentary: Shuowen Jiezi states: "[Missing Character]" belongs to the category of dried plums, sometimes written as "[Missing Character]." "Mou" refers to sour fruit. "Mei" is used for "Nan." Erya states: Mei is Nan. Guo Pu states: It resembles apricot, and its fruit is sour; thus, "Mou" is used to annotate "Mei." Zhouli records: The Bian person offers food; the Bian vessel contains dried "[Missing Character]." Zheng Xuan states: Dried "[Missing Character]" is dried plum. There are Taozhu and Meizhu, which are their dried forms. Maoshi Shu states: Plums are sun-dried to make La (preserved meat/fruit), added to soups, and held in the mouth to fragrance the breath (cited from Daguan Bencao).
Among the above fruit substances, there is one variety classified in the Middle Grade. The old classification is the same.