味辛，温。生山谷。主五脏邪气，女子阴中寒热痛，症瘕、血闭、绝子。久服，轻身、
和
《吴普》曰∶卷柏，神农∶辛；桐君、雷公∶甘（《御览》引云∶一名豹足，一名求股，
一名万岁，一名神枝、时，生山谷）。
《名医》曰∶一名豹足，一名求股，一名交时，生常山，五月、七月采，阴干。
案∶《范子计然》云∶卷柏，出三辅。
味苦，寒。主解诸毒，杀蛊 、注鬼、螫毒。久服，头不白、轻身。生平泽。
《名医》曰∶其茎叶可以染青，生河内。
案∶《说文》云∶ ，马蓝也。蓝，染青草也。《尔雅》云∶ ，马蓝；郭璞云∶今
大叶冬蓝也。《周礼》掌染草，郑注云∶染草，蓝茜，象头之属。《夏小正》∶五月启灌蓝。
《毛诗》云∶终朝采蓝。《笺》云∶蓝，染草也。
味辛，温。主中风入脑，头痛，寒痹，筋挛缓急，金创，妇人血闭无子。生川谷。
《吴普》曰∶芎 （《御览》引云∶一名香果），神农、黄帝、岐伯、雷公∶辛，无毒，
扁鹊∶酸，无毒，李氏∶生温，熟寒，或生胡无桃山阴，或太山（《御览》作或斜谷西岭，
或太山）。叶香细青黑，文赤如 本，冬夏丛生，五月花赤，七月实黑，茎端两叶，三月采
。根有节，似马衔状。
《名医》曰∶一名胡 ，一名香果。其叶，名蘼芜。生武功斜谷西岭，三月、四月采根
，曝干。
案∶《说文》云∶菅，菅 ，香草也。芎，司马相如说∶或从弓；《春秋左传》云∶有山
鞠穷
乎。杜预云∶鞠穷所以御湿。《西山经》云∶号山，其草多芎 。郭璞云∶芎 ，一名江蓠。
《范子计然》云∶芎 生始无，枯者，善（有脱字）。《司马相如赋》有芎 。司马贞引
司马彪云∶芎 ，似 本；郭璞云∶今历阳呼为江蓠。
**卷柏（Selaginella）**
味辛，性温。生长在山谷中。主治五脏邪气（致病因素），女子阴部寒热疼痛，症瘕（腹内结块）、血闭（月经闭止）、绝子（不孕）。长期服用，能使身体轻健。
《吴普本草》说：卷柏，神农认为味辛；桐君、雷公认为味甘（《太平御览》引用说：又名豹足，又名求股，又名万岁，又名神枝、时，生长在山谷中）。
《名医别录》说：又名豹足，又名求股，又名交时，生长在常山，五月、七月采集，阴干。
**蓝实（Indigo Fruit / Isatis Indigotica Fruit）**
味苦，性寒。主治解除各种毒物，杀灭蛊毒、注鬼（一种传染性疫病或邪祟）、螫毒（虫蛇咬伤之毒）。长期服用，头发不白，身体轻健。生长在平泽地带。
《名医别录》说：其茎叶可以用来染青色，生长在河内地区。
按：《说文解字》说：菘，就是马蓝。蓝，是用于染青草的植物。《尔雅》说：菘，就是马蓝；郭璞说：就是现在的大叶冬蓝。《周礼》中有掌管染草的官员，郑玄注释说：染草，包括蓝、茜草、象斗之类。《夏小正》说：五月开始灌溉蓝草。《毛诗》说：整天采摘蓝草。《笺》说：蓝，是染色的草。
**芎藭（Chuanxiong / Ligusticum Chuanxiong）**
味辛，性温。主治中风邪气入脑，头痛，寒痹（寒湿阻滞经络引起的痹痛），筋脉拘挛或弛缓急迫，金创（金属利器造成的创伤），妇人血闭无子。生长在川谷之中。
《吴普本草》说：芎藭（《太平御览》引用说：又名香果），神农、黄帝、岐伯、雷公认为味辛，无毒；扁鹊认为味酸，无毒；李氏认为生用性温，熟用性寒，有的生长在胡地无桃山阴，有的生长在泰山（《太平御览》作有的生长在斜谷西岭，有的生长在泰山）。叶子香气浓郁、细小、青黑色，纹理红色如同藁本，冬夏丛生，五月开红花，七月结黑实，茎端有两片叶子，三月采集。根部有节，形状像马衔（马嚼子）。
《名医别录》说：又名胡藭，又名香果。其叶子，名叫蘼芜。生长在武功斜谷西岭，三月、四月采集根部，晒干。
按：《说文解字》说：菅，就是芎藭，是一种香草。芎，司马相如说：有时写作弓字旁；《春秋左传》说：山里有鞠穷吗？杜预说：鞠穷是用来抵御湿气的。《西山经》说：号山，那里的草多是芎藭。郭璞说：芎藭，又名江蓠。《范子计然》说：芎藭生长在始无（地名，可能有脱字），枯萎的，质量好。《司马相如赋》中有芎藭。司马贞引用司马彪的话说：芎藭，形状像藁本；郭璞说：现在历阳人称它为江蓠。
**Juanbai (Selaginella)**
Flavor: Pungent; Nature: Warm. Grows in mountain valleys. Indications: Pathogenic factors in the five Zang organs, cold and heat pain in the female genitalia, abdominal masses (Zheng Jia), amenorrhea (Xue Bi), and infertility (Jue Zi). Long-term administration lightens the body.
*Wu Pu Ben Cao* states: For Juanbai, Shen Nong considers it pungent; Tong Jun and Lei Gong consider it sweet. (*Tai Ping Yu Lan* cites: Also known as Bao Zu, Qiu Gu, Wan Sui, or Shen Zhi/Shi; grows in mountain valleys).
*Ming Yi Bie Lu* states: Also known as Bao Zu, Qiu Gu, or Jiao Shi. Grows in Changshan. Harvested in the fifth and seventh lunar months, and dried in the shade.
Note: *Fan Zi Ji Ran* states: Juanbai is produced in the Sanfu region.
**Lanshi (Indigo Fruit / Isatis Indigotica Fruit)**
Flavor: Bitter; Nature: Cold. Indications: Resolves various toxins, kills Gu poison, Zhu Gui (infectious miasma or evil spirits), and sting toxins (from insects or snakes). Long-term administration prevents graying of hair and lightens the body. Grows in flat marshes.
*Ming Yi Bie Lu* states: Its stems and leaves can be used to dye blue-green. Grows in Henei.
Note: *Shuo Wen Jie Zi* states: Song is Ma Lan (Isatis indigotica). Lan is a plant used for dyeing blue-green. *Er Ya* states: Song is Ma Lan. Guo Pu states: It is the current Da Ye Dong Lan (large-leaf winter indigo). *Zhou Li* mentions officials in charge of dyeing plants; Zheng Xuan's commentary states: Dyeing plants include Lan (Indigo), Qian Cao (Madder), and Xiang Dou, among others. *Xia Xiao Zheng* states: In the fifth month, begin irrigating the Lan plants. *Mao Shi* states: Gathering Lan throughout the morning. The commentary states: Lan is a dyeing plant.
**Xiongqiong (Chuanxiong / Ligusticum Chuanxiong)**
Flavor: Pungent; Nature: Warm. Indications: Wind stroke entering the brain, headache, Cold Bi (painful obstruction due to cold-dampness), spasmodic or flaccid tension of tendons, metal wounds (trauma from sharp instruments), and female amenorrhea with infertility. Grows in river valleys.
*Wu Pu Ben Cao* states: Xiongqiong (*Tai Ping Yu Lan* cites: Also known as Xiang Guo). Shen Nong, Huang Di, Qi Bo, and Lei Gong consider it pungent and non-toxic. Bian Que considers it sour and non-toxic. Li Shi states: Raw nature is warm, cooked nature is cold. Some grow in the Yin side of Wutao Mountain in Hu regions, others in Taishan (*Tai Ping Yu Lan* states: some in Xiegu Xiling, others in Taishan). Leaves are fragrant, small, blue-black, with red veins similar to Gaoben. It grows in clumps in winter and summer, flowers red in the fifth month, fruits black in the seventh month, with two leaves at the stem tip. Harvested in the third month. The root has nodes, resembling a horse bit.
*Ming Yi Bie Lu* states: Also known as Hu Qiong or Xiang Guo. Its leaves are called Mi Wu. Grows in Wugong Xiegu Xiling. Roots are harvested in the third and fourth months and sun-dried.
Note: *Shuo Wen Jie Zi* states: Jian is Xiongqiong, an aromatic herb. Xiong: Sima Xiangru states it may take the radical 'bow'. *Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan* asks: Are there Ju Qiong in the mountains? Du Yu states: Ju Qiong is used to resist dampness. *Xi Shan Jing* states: On Hao Mountain, the herbs are mostly Xiongqiong. Guo Pu states: Xiongqiong is also known as Jiang Li. *Fan Zi Ji Ran* states: Xiongqiong grows in Shiwu (place name, text may have omissions); the withered ones are of good quality. *Sima Xiangru Fu* mentions Xiongqiong. Sima Zhen cites Sima Biao stating: Xiongqiong resembles Gaoben. Guo Pu states: It is currently called Jiang Li in Liyang.