味甘，温。主大风邪气，湿痹寒痛。久服，轻身、益寿、耐老。一名冬葵子（旧在《唐
本草》中，无毒，今增）。
《名医》曰∶生河东。
案∶《水经注》解县引《神农本草》云∶地有固活、女疏、铜芸、紫苑之族也。陶弘景
云∶方药亦无用此者，乃有固活丸，即是野葛一名。此又名冬葵子，非葵菜之冬葵子，疗体
乖异。
味苦，微温。主风寒湿痹，身重，四肢疼酸，寒邪历节痛。生川谷（旧在《唐本草》中，
无毒，今增）。
《名医》曰∶一名别枝，一名别骑，一名鳖羁。生蓝田。二月、八月采。案∶陶弘景云
∶方家时有用处，今俗亦绝耳。
味苦。主胸胁下痛，邪气，腹间寒热阴痹。久服，轻身、益气、耐老（《御览》作补益、
能老）。生川泽（旧在《唐本草》中，无毒，今增）。
《名医》曰∶生汉中，五月采。
案∶陶弘景云∶方药不复用，俗无识者。
味苦，平。主久咳上气，肠中虚羸，女子阴蚀、漏下赤白沃。一名百岁城中木。生山谷
（旧在《唐本草》中，无毒，今增）。
《吴普》曰∶淮木，神农、雷公∶无毒，生晋平阳河东平泽。治久咳上气，伤中羸虚，
补中益气（《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名炭木，生太山，采无时。
案∶李当之云∶是樟树上寄生树，大衔枝在肌肉，今人皆以胡桃皮当之，非也；桐君云
∶生上洛，是木皮，状如浓朴，色似桂白，其理一纵一横，今市人皆削乃以浓朴，而无正纵
横理，不知此复是何物，莫测真假，何者为是也。
上草，上品七十三种，旧七十二种，考门芝当一升，升麻当白字；米谷部误入青襄；《
唐本草》六种，姑活、屈草、淮木，皆当入此。
味甘，性温。主治大风邪气侵袭，以及湿痹、寒痛。长期服用，能使人身体轻盈、延年益寿、延缓衰老。又名冬葵子（旧版《唐本草》中记载其无毒，此处予以增补）。
《名医别录》记载：产于河东地区。
考证：《水经注》在解释解县时引用《神农本草经》说：“当地有固活、女疏、铜芸、紫苑等植物。”陶弘景说：“方药中也没有使用这种药的，虽然有‘固活丸’，那其实是野葛的别名。这里又被称为冬葵子，并非葵菜类的冬葵子，其疗效性质截然不同。”
味苦，微温。主治风寒湿痹，身体沉重，四肢疼痛酸楚，寒邪导致的历节痛。产于山川河谷（旧版《唐本草》中记载其无毒，此处予以增补）。
《名医别录》记载：又名别枝，又名别骑，又名鳖羁。产于蓝田。二月、八月采集。
考证：陶弘景说：“医家偶尔会使用，如今民间已经绝迹了。”
味苦。主治胸胁下疼痛，邪气阻滞，腹间寒热及阴痹。长期服用，能使人身体轻盈、益气、延缓衰老（《太平御览》作“补益、能老”）。产于山川沼泽（旧版《唐本草》中记载其无毒，此处予以增补）。
《名医别录》记载：产于汉中，五月采集。
考证：陶弘景说：“方药中不再使用，民间无人认识此药。”
味苦，性平。主治久咳、气逆上冲，肠中虚弱消瘦，女子阴部蚀烂、漏下赤白带下。又名百岁城中木。产于山谷（旧版《唐本草》中记载其无毒，此处予以增补）。
《吴普》记载：淮木，神农、雷公认为无毒，产于晋地平阳河东平泽。治疗久咳气逆，损伤中焦导致的羸虚，补益中气、益气（《太平御览》引文）。
《名医别录》记载：又名炭木，产于太山，采集没有固定时间。
考证：李当之说：“这是樟树上的寄生树，大枝条嵌入肌肉中，如今人们都用胡桃皮来代替它，这是错误的；桐君说：产自上洛，是木皮，形状像厚朴，颜色像桂皮那样白，纹理是一纵一横交错，如今市场上的人都削去外皮当作厚朴使用，但没有真正的纵横纹理，不知道这究竟是何物，无法推测真假，不知哪一个是正确的。”
以上为草部，上品共七十三种，旧版为七十二种，考订发现门芝应当算一种，升麻应当写作白字；米谷部误入了青襄；《唐本草》中的六种，姑活、屈草、淮木，都应当归入此类。
Taste is sweet, nature is warm. It primarily treats invasion by severe wind-pathogenic factors (Feng Xie Qi), as well as damp-bi syndrome (Shi Bi) and cold-pain. Long-term consumption lightens the body, benefits longevity, and delays aging. Also known as Dong Kui Zi (Winter Okra Seed) (recorded as non-toxic in the old *Tang Ben Cao*, added here).
*The Famous Physicians' Record* states: It grows in Hedong.
Research: *Commentary on the Water Classic* cites *Shennong Ben Cao Jing* when explaining Jie County: "There are families of Gu Huo, Nü Shu, Tong Yun, and Zi Yuan." Tao Hongjing says: "Prescriptions do not use this herb; there is a 'Gu Huo Pill', which is actually another name for Ye Ge (Wild Aconite). This is also called Dong Kui Zi, but it is not the Dong Kui Zi from okra vegetables; its therapeutic properties are completely different."
Taste is bitter, slightly warm. It primarily treats wind-cold-damp bi syndrome, heaviness of the body, pain and soreness of the four limbs, and joint pain caused by cold pathogens (Li Jie Tong). It grows in rivers and valleys (recorded as non-toxic in the old *Tang Ben Cao*, added here).
*The Famous Physicians' Record* states: Also known as Bie Zhi, also known as Bie Qi, also known as Bie Ji. It grows in Lantian. Harvested in February and August.
Research: Tao Hongjing says: "Medical practitioners occasionally use it, but it has long disappeared among common people."
Taste is bitter. It primarily treats pain under the chest and hypochondrium, pathogenic factors, alternating cold and heat in the abdomen, and yin-bi. Long-term consumption lightens the body, boosts qi, and delays aging (*Taiping Yulan* reads "tonifies and benefits, enables aging"). It grows in rivers and marshes (recorded as non-toxic in the old *Tang Ben Cao*, added here).
*The Famous Physicians' Record* states: It grows in Hanzhong, harvested in May.
Research: Tao Hongjing says: "It is no longer used in prescriptions, and laypeople do not recognize it."
Taste is bitter, nature is neutral. It primarily treats chronic cough with rebellious qi, emptiness and emaciation in the intestines, vaginal erosion in women, and leukorrhea with red and white discharge. Also known as Bai Sui Cheng Zhong Mu. It grows in mountains and valleys (recorded as non-toxic in the old *Tang Ben Cao*, added here).
*Wu Pu* states: Huai Mu, Shennong and Lei Gong consider it non-toxic. It grows in Pingyang, Hedong, Jin. It treats chronic cough with rebellious qi, damage to the middle jiao causing emaciation and deficiency, tonifying the middle and boosting qi (*Taiping Yulan*).
*The Famous Physicians' Record* states: Also known as Tan Mu, it grows in Mount Tai, harvest time is unspecified.
Research: Li Dangzhi says: "This is a parasitic tree growing on camphor trees, with large branches embedded in the flesh. Nowadays, people substitute it with walnut husks, which is incorrect." Tong Jun says: "It grows in Shangluo; it is the bark of a tree, resembling Hou Po (Magnolia Bark) in shape, white like Gui (Cinnamon) in color, with grain running both longitudinally and transversely. Now, market vendors shave it to pass off as Hou Po, but it lacks the true longitudinal and transverse grain. I do not know what this object is, unable to guess its authenticity or determine which one is correct."
These belong to the Herb Category, Upper Grade, totaling seventy-three species (previously seventy-two). Upon examination, Men Zhi should count as one, Sheng Ma should be written as Bai Zi; Qing Xiang was erroneously included in the Grain and Rice section; the six species in *Tang Ben Cao*, namely Gu Huo, Qu Cao, and Huai Mu, all belong in this category.