味辛,温。主风头痈肿、乳痈、疝瘕,除结气、疥瘙(《御览》有痈疮二字),杀虫鱼。
生山谷。
《吴普》曰∶莽草,一名春草。神农∶辛;雷公、桐君∶苦,有毒。生上谷山谷中或冤
句。五月采。治风(《御览》)。
《名医》曰∶一名 ,一名春草。生上谷及冤句。五月采叶,阴干。
案∶《中山经》云∶朝歌之山有草焉,名曰莽草,可以毒鱼。又 山有木焉,其状如棠
而赤,叶可以毒鱼。《尔雅》云∶ ,春草。郭璞云∶一名芒草。《本草》云∶《周礼》云
∶翦氏掌除蠹物,以薰草莽之。《范子计然》云∶莽草,出三辅者,善。陶弘景云∶字亦作
两。
雷丸(《御览》作雷公丸) 味苦,寒。主杀三虫,逐毒瓦斯、胃中热,利丈夫,不利女
子
。作摩膏,除小儿百病(《御览》引云∶一名雷矢。《大观本》作黑字)。生山谷。
《吴普》曰∶雷丸,神农∶苦;黄帝、岐伯、桐君∶甘,有毒;扁鹊∶甘,无毒;李氏
∶大寒(《御览》引云∶一名雷实。或生汉中。八月采)。
《名医》曰∶一名雷矢,一名雷实。生石城及治中土中。八月采根,曝干。
案∶《范子计然》云∶雷矢,出汉中。色白者,善。
味苦,寒。主恶蚀、创着阴皮,主五痔,杀三虫。花∶主传猪创,饲猪,肥大三倍。生
山谷。
《名医》曰∶生桐柏山。
案∶《说文》云∶桐,荣也;梧,梧桐木,一名梓。《尔雅》云∶榇梧,郭璞云∶今梧
桐。又荣桐木,郭璞云∶即梧桐。《毛诗》云∶梧桐生矣。《传》云∶梧桐,柔木也。
【莽草】
味道辛,性温。主治头部的风邪引起的痈肿、乳痈(乳房红肿热痛)、疝气及瘕积(腹内结块),能消除气机郁结,治疗疥癣瘙痒(《太平御览》中多“痈疮”二字),并能杀灭鱼体内的寄生虫。
生长在山谷中。
《吴普》记载:莽草,又名春草。神农氏认为其味辛;雷公、桐君认为其味苦,有毒。生长在上谷山谷中或冤句。五月采集。可治疗风病(《太平御览》)。
《名医别录》记载:又名[缺字],又名春草。生长在上谷及冤句。五月采集叶片,阴干。
按语:《中山经》说:朝歌山有一种草,名叫莽草,可以用来毒杀鱼类。又有某山有一种树,形状像棠梨树且叶子发红,其叶可以毒杀鱼类。《尔雅》说:[缺字],就是春草。郭璞注释说:又名芒草。《本草》引用《周礼》说:翦氏掌管清除蛀虫等害虫,用薰草来熏杀莽草(此处指利用莽草杀虫的特性或相关习俗)。《范子计然》说:莽草,出自三辅地区的品质好。陶弘景说:字形也写作两个“两”字组合。
【雷丸】
(《太平御览》作雷公丸)
味道苦,性寒。主治杀灭人体内的三种寄生虫,驱除体内的毒瓦斯和胃中的热气,对男子有利,但对女子不利。制作成磨膏外用,可去除小儿的各种疾病(《太平御览》引文称:又名雷矢。《大观本》中“雷矢”写作黑字)。生长在山谷中。
《吴普》记载:雷丸,神农氏认为其味苦;黄帝、岐伯、桐君认为其味甘,有毒;扁鹊认为其味甘,无毒;李氏认为其大寒(《太平御览》引文称:又名雷实。有的生长在汉中。八月采集)。
《名医别录》记载:又名雷矢,又名雷实。生长在石城及治中地区的土壤中。八月采集根部,晒干。
按语:《范子计然》说:雷矢,出自汉中。颜色白的品质好。
【桐叶】
味道苦,性寒。主治恶蚀疮(一种腐蚀性溃疡)、创伤沾染到阴部皮肤,主治五种痔疮,杀灭三种寄生虫。花:主治传染给猪的创伤,喂猪吃,能使猪肥大三倍。生长在山谷中。
《名医别录》记载:生长在桐柏山。
按语:《说文解字》说:桐,是繁荣的意思;梧,是梧桐木,又名梓。《尔雅》说:榇梧,郭璞注释说:即现在的梧桐。又提到荣桐木,郭璞注释说:就是梧桐。《毛诗》说:梧桐生长在那里。《传》注说:梧桐,是柔韧的树木。
[Mangcao (Mang Cao Herb)]
Flavor: Pungent. Temperature: Warm. Indications: Primarily treats wind-induced carbuncles and swelling of the head, mastitis (inflammation of the breast tissue), hernia, and mass accumulation in the abdomen; resolves Qi stagnation, treats scabies and pruritus (The *Taiping Yulan* includes "carbuncle sores"). It kills parasites in fish.
Habitat: Grows in mountain valleys.
*Wu Pu* records: Mangcao is also known as Chuncan. Shennong states it is pungent; Leigong and Tongjun state it is bitter and toxic. It grows in the valleys of Shanggu or Yuanju. Harvested in the fifth month. Treats wind disorders (*Taiping Yulan*).
*Mingyi Bielu* records: Also known as [missing character], and also known as Chuncan. Grows in Shanggu and Yuanju. Leaves are harvested in the fifth month and dried in the shade.
Commentary: The *Classic of Mountains and Seas (Zhongshan Jing)* states: On Chaoge Mountain, there is a herb named Mangcao, which can be used to poison fish. There is another tree on a certain mountain, resembling the pear tree with red leaves, whose leaves can poison fish. The *Erya* states: [Missing character] is Chuncan. Guo Pu comments: Also known as Mangcao. The *Bencao* cites the *Rites of Zhou*: The Jian Shi official is responsible for removing pests, using Xuncao to fumigate Mangcao (referring to the use of Mangcao for pest control). Fanzi Jiran states: Mangcao from the Sanfu region is of superior quality. Tao Hongjing notes: The character is also written with two "Liang" components.
[Leiwan (Thunder Pill)]
(The *Taiping Yulan* refers to it as Leigong Wan)
Flavor: Bitter. Temperature: Cold. Indications: Primarily kills three types of intestinal parasites, expels toxic vapors and heat in the stomach, benefits men, but is not suitable for women. When made into a rubbing ointment, it removes various diseases in children (The *Taiping Yulan* citation adds: Also known as Leishi. The *Daguan Edition* writes "Leishi" with the character for black). Grows in mountain valleys.
*Wu Pu* records: Leiwan. Shennong states it is bitter; Huangdi, Qibo, and Tongjun state it is sweet and toxic; Bianque states it is sweet and non-toxic; Li Shi states it is greatly cold (The *Taiping Yulan* citation adds: Also known as Leishi. Some grow in Hanzhong. Harvested in the eighth month).
*Mingyi Bielu* records: Also known as Leishi, and also known as Leishi. Grows in the soil of Shicheng and Zhizhong. Roots are harvested in the eighth month and sun-dried.
Commentary: Fanzi Jiran states: Leishi comes from Hanzhong. Those that are white in color are of superior quality.
[Tongye (Tung Leaf)]
Flavor: Bitter. Temperature: Cold. Indications: Primarily treats corrosive ulcers (malignant erosions), wounds affecting the skin of the genitals, five types of hemorrhoids, and kills three types of parasites. Flowers: Primarily treat contagious wounds in pigs; when fed to pigs, they cause the pigs to become three times fatter. Grows in mountain valleys.
*Mingyi Bielu* records: Grows on Tongbai Mountain.
Commentary: The *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Tong" means flourishing; "Wu" refers to the Tung tree, also known as Ziyang. The *Erya* states: Chenwu. Guo Pu comments: This is the modern Tung tree. It also mentions Rongtongmu. Guo Pu comments: This is the Tung tree. The *Book of Songs (Mao Shi)* states: "The Tung trees grew there." The Commentary states: The Tung tree is a flexible wood.