味辛，温。主明目温中，耐风寒，下水气，面目浮肿，痈疡。马蓼，去肠中蛭虫，轻身。
生川泽。
《吴普》曰∶蓼实，一名天蓼，一名野蓼，一名泽蓼（《艺文类聚》）。
《名医》曰∶生雷泽。
案∶《说文》云∶蓼，辛菜，蔷虞也。蔷，蔷虞，蓼。《广雅》云∶荭，茏， ，马蓼孔。
《尔雅》云∶墙虞，蓼。郭璞云∶虞蓼，泽萝。又荭，茏古。其大者，归。郭璞云∶俗呼荭
草为茏鼓，语转耳。《毛诗》云∶隰有游龙。《传》云∶龙，红草也。陆玑云∶一名马蓼，叶
大而赤色，生
味辛，温。主明目，补中不足。其茎可作汤，主伤寒寒热，出汗，中风面目肿。
味辛，温。主金创，创败，轻身、不饥、耐老。生平泽。
《名医》曰∶生鲁山。
案∶《说文》云∶KT ，菜也，叶似韭。《广雅》云∶韭，KT ，荞，其华谓之菁。《尔
雅》云∶
KT鸿荟。郭璞云∶即KT 菜也。又，劲山贲。陶弘景云∶葱、KT 异物，而今共条。《本
经》既
无韭，以其同类，故也。
味辛，微温。主下气，辟口臭，去毒，辟恶。久服，通神明、轻身、耐老。生池泽。
《吴普》曰∶芥 ，一名水苏，一名劳祖（《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名鸡苏，一名劳祖，一名芥 ，一名芥苴。生九真，七月采。
案∶《说文》云∶苏，桂荏也。《广雅》云∶芥 ，水苏也。《尔雅》云∶苏，桂，荏。
郭璞云∶苏，荏类，故名桂荏。《方言》云∶苏，亦荏也。关之东西，或谓之苏，或谓
之荏；
周郑之间，谓之公贲；沅湘之南，谓之 ，其小者，谓之KT 柔。按∶KT 柔，即香薷也。
亦名香 。《名医》别出香薷条，非。今紫苏、薄荷等，皆苏类也。《名医》俱别出之。
上菜，中品三种。旧四种，考葱实，宜与KT 同条，今并假苏，宜入草部。
【蓼实】
味辛，性温。主治明目、温中，增强对风寒的耐受力，消除水气，治疗面目浮肿及痈疡。马蓼，能去除肠中的蛭虫，使身体轻健。
生长在河流与沼泽地带。
《吴普》记载：蓼实，又名天蓼，又名野蓼，又名泽蓼（出自《艺文类聚》）。
《名医别录》记载：生长在雷泽。
考证：《说文解字》说：蓼，是辛辣的蔬菜，即蔷虞。蔷，就是蔷虞，也就是蓼。《广雅》说：荭，茏，[此处原文有缺字或异体]，马蓼孔。
《尔雅》说：墙虞，就是蓼。郭璞注释说：虞蓼，是泽萝。又说：荭，茏古。其中较大的，称为归。郭璞注释说：俗呼荭草为茏鼓，这是语音转变的结果。《毛诗》说：低湿之地有游龙。《传》注说：龙，是红草。陆玑说：又名马蓼，叶子大而呈赤色，生长……
【葱实】
味辛，性温。主治明目，补益中气不足。其茎可煮成汤，主治伤寒引起的寒热症状，促使出汗，治疗中风引起的面目浮肿。
【KT（薤/小根蒜）】
味辛，性温。主治金创（金属利器造成的创伤），疮口溃败，使身体轻健，不感饥饿，耐老。生长在平原与沼泽地带。
《名医别录》记载：生长在鲁山。
考证：《说文解字》说：KT，是蔬菜，叶子像韭菜。《广雅》说：韭，KT，荞，它的花称为菁。《尔雅》说：KT鸿荟。郭璞注释说：就是KT菜。又提到：劲山贲。陶弘景说：葱和KT是不同的物体，但现在合并在一条目中。《本经》既然没有收录韭，因为它们同类，所以合并处理。
【假苏（紫苏/香薷类）】
味辛，微温。主治下气，驱除口臭，去毒，辟除恶气。长期服用，能通神明、使身体轻健、耐老。生长在池塘与沼泽地带。
《吴普》记载：芥[此处疑为“苏”或特定品种名]，又名水苏，又名劳祖（出自《御览》）。
《名医别录》记载：又名鸡苏，又名劳祖，又名芥[同上]，又名芥苴。生长在九真郡，七月采收。
考证：《说文解字》说：苏，是桂荏。《广雅》说：芥[同上]，是水苏。《尔雅》说：苏，桂，荏。郭璞注释说：苏，属于荏类，所以名叫桂荏。《方言》说：苏，也是荏。关东关西之间，有的叫苏，有的叫荏；周郑之间，叫公贲；沅湘以南，叫[缺字]，其中较小的，叫KT柔。按：KT柔，就是香薷。也名为香[缺字]。《名医别录》单独列出香薷条目，是不对的。现在紫苏、薄荷等，都属于苏类。《名医别录》都将其单独列出。
以上为蔬菜类，属中品，共三种。旧版为四种，考证葱实，应与KT同列，现在并入假苏，适宜归入草部。
[Liao Shi (Polygoni Fructus)]
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. Primarily treats brightening the eyes and warming the middle jiao, enhances resistance to wind-cold, promotes the discharge of water qi, and treats edema of the face and eyes as well as carbuncles and sores. Ma Liao (Polygonum aviculare) removes leeches from the intestines and lightens the body.
Grows in rivers and marshes.
Wu Pu states: Liao Shi is also known as Tian Liao, Ye Liao, or Ze Liao (cited from *Yiwen Leiju*).
*Names of Famous Physicians* states: Grows in Lei Ze.
Note: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Liao is a pungent vegetable, also called Qiang Yu." Qiang refers to Qiang Yu, which is Liao. *Guaya* states: "Hong, Long, [missing character], Ma Liao Kong."
*Erya* states: "Qiang Yu is Liao." Guo Pu comments: "Yu Liao is Ze Luo." It further states: "Hong, Long Gu. The larger ones are called Gui." Guo Pu comments: "Commonly, Hong Cao is called Long Gu; this is due to phonetic shift." *Mao Shi* states: "In the lowlands, there is You Long." The *Zhuan* commentary states: "Long is Hong Cao." Lu Ji states: "Also known as Ma Liao, with large leaves that are reddish in color, growing..."
[Cong Shi (Allii Fistulosi Fructus / Scallion Fruit)]
Pungent in flavor, slightly warm in nature. Primarily treats brightening the eyes and supplementing deficiency in the middle jiao. Its stems can be boiled into a decoction to treat chills and fever caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage), induce sweating, and treat facial edema caused by Wind-Stroke.
[Xie (Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus / Small-root Garlic)]
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. Primarily treats Jin Chuang (traumatic injuries from metal weapons), decay of sores, lightens the body, suppresses hunger, and promotes longevity. Grows in plains and marshes.
*Names of Famous Physicians* states: Grows in Lu Shan.
Note: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Xie is a vegetable with leaves resembling garlic chives." *Guaya* states: "Jiu, Xie, Qiao, its flower is called Jing." *Erya* states: "Xie Hong Hui." Guo Pu comments: "It is the Xie vegetable." It also mentions: "Jin Shan Ben." Tao Hongjing states: "Cong (Scallion) and Xie are different entities, but they are currently listed together. Since *Ben Jing* does not list Jiu (Garlic Chive), it is because they are of the same category, hence combined."
[Jia Su (Perillae Folium / Elsholtzia Spica - Perilla/Mint type)]
Pungent in flavor, slightly warm in nature. Primarily directs Qi downward, dispels bad breath, eliminates toxins, and wards off evil influences. Long-term consumption clarifies the spirit, lightens the body, and promotes longevity. Grows in ponds and marshes.
Wu Pu states: Jie [Su] is also known as Shui Su (Water Mint) or Lao Zu (cited from *Yulan*).
*Names of Famous Physicians* states: Also known as Ji Su, Lao Zu, Jie [Su], or Jie Ju. Grows in Jiuzhen Commandery, harvested in the seventh month.
Note: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Su is Gui Ren." *Guaya* states: "Jie [Su] is Shui Su." *Erya* states: "Su, Gui, Ren." Guo Pu comments: "Su belongs to the Ren category, hence named Gui Ren." *Fangyan* states: "Su is also Ren. In the regions east and west of the Pass, it is called either Su or Ren; between Zhou and Zheng, it is called Gong Ben; south of the Yuan and Xiang rivers, it is called [missing character]; the smaller variety is called Xie Rou." Note: Xie Rou is indeed Xiang Ru (Elsholtzia). It is also named Xiang [missing]. *Names of Famous Physicians* lists Xiang Ru separately, which is incorrect. Currently, Zi Su (Perilla Leaf), Bo He (Mint), etc., all belong to the Su category. *Names of Famous Physicians* lists them separately.
The above are vegetables, classified in the Middle Grade, totaling three species. The old edition had four. Upon examination, Cong Shi should be grouped with Xie. Jia Su is now included here and should ideally belong to the Grass section.